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Kazutoshi Hori

Publications and source records attributed to Kazutoshi Hori.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Diffuse gastroduodenitis and pouchitis associated with ulcerative colitis.

We experienced a very rare case of ulcerative colitis (UC) accompanied with analogous lesions in the stomach, duodenum, and ileal J-pouch. Ileal J-pouch anal anastomosis was performed on a 29-year old woman in 1996. Six years later, she was admitted again to our hospital because of epigastralgia, nausea, watery diarrhea and low fever. Based on the results of endoscopic examination, we diagnosed it as pouchitis. Moreover, on hypotonic duodenography, expansion of the duodenal bulb and the descending portion were poor. Kerckring folds disappeared with typical lead-pipe appearance. The pathogenesis of the gastric and duodenal lesion in this patient was similar to that of the colonic lesions of UC. For the gastroduodenal lesions in this patient, symptomatic remission was obtained following administration of crushed mesalazine tablets (1500 mg/d) for 14 d with continuous administration of omeprazole. Firstly we used ciprofloxacin to treat pouchitis. On the fifth day, she got a fever because of catheter infection. In the catheter culture, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was detected. Therefore we changed ciprofloxacin to vancomycin hydrochloride (Vancomycin). Vancomycin was very effective, and the stool frequency dramatically improved in three days. Now she continues to take mesalazine, but her condition is stable and there has been no recurrence of pouchitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

A traditional Japanese medicine mitigates TNBS-induced colitis in rats.

OBJECTIVE: Differences in dietary habits may be one of the reasons that the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease has remained lower in Japan than in Western countries. We investigated whether a traditional Japanese medicine (Strong Wakamto), based on Aspergillus oryzae koji, would exert any effect on experimental colitis in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Colitis was induced using an enema of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) and ethanol. Strong Wakamto was administered for 28 days before induction of colitis and for 7 days thereafter, and the effect of this medicine was evaluated. RESULTS: Treatment with 5% Strong Wakamto improved loss of body-weight, increased colon weight and significantly decreased the histological damage score for colon mucosa. Decreases in faecal Lactobacillus sp., superoxide dismutase activity and zinc concentrations, and the increased IL-1beta expression in colonic tissue after TNBS enema were improved when Strong Wakamto was given. The present in vitro studies indicate that administration of Strong Wakamto prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha production in human macrophages. CONCLUSIONS: Oral administration of Strong Wakamto mitigates experimental inflammatory bowel disease induced by TNBS enema in rats. The beneficial effects seem attributable to a combination of balancing microflora, immunomodulatory effects on gut macrophages, and enhancement of anti-superoxide activity in colonic tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Effect of a gastro-protective agent, rebamipide, on symptom improvement in patients with functional dyspepsia: a double-blind placebo-controlled study in Japan.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Although mucosal protective agents have been used frequently for treatment of symptomatic gastritis, there has been no well-controlled study of functional dyspepsia. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a 4-week treatment with rebamipide for the relief of overall dyspeptic symptoms and the improvement in quality of life from an untreated baseline in Japanese patients with functional dyspepsia. METHODS: In a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-center study, 81 patients with functional dyspepsia were recruited and treated with rebamipide (100 mg, t.i.d.) or placebo for 4 weeks. Symptoms were assessed at baseline and at the end of the study period by a symptom questionnaire. Quality of life was evaluated by the QPD 32. RESULTS: Data was analyzed for symptoms from 38 patients who received rebamipide and 33 patients who received placebo treatment. Overall symptoms were significantly improved in both the rebamipide and placebo treatment groups from the untreated baseline after 4 weeks of treatment, and the mean changes in overall symptoms were not significantly different between the groups. However, the improvement in symptom score was significantly greater in the treatment arm than in the placebo arm for three items, which were bloating, belching, and pain or discomfort that was relieved after a meal. Regarding quality of life, social restriction and pain intensity were significantly improved in the rebamipide treatment group in per-protocol analysis (P = 0.048 and P = 0.031, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Although rebamipide was not significantly better than placebo in reducing overall symptoms by 4 weeks' treatment, it may partially improve the symptoms. It may also be beneficial in improvement of quality of life in Japanese patients with functional dyspepsia.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Effects of hepatocyte growth factor on rat inflammatory bowel disease models.

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a hepatotrophic factor and, also, functions as an epithelial growth factor. We examined the therapeutic effects of HGF on rat inflammatory bowel disease models induced by trinitrobenzensulfonic acid or dextran sulfate sodium. Recombinant human HGF was continuously administered at 50 microg/body/day using an intraperitoneally implanted pump for 7 days. Treatment of HGF reduced the ulcerated area, histological damage score, mucosal myeloperoxidase activity, and epithelial apoptotic rate but did not increase epithelial mitotic rate and immunohistochemical labeling indexes of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki-67, and bromodeoxyuridine as indexes of epithelial cell proliferation in either model. We then examined the epithelial localization of the HGF receptor c-met and identified it on the surface epithelia, where apoptosis was observed, but did not find it in the proliferative zone. These results suggest that HGF exhibits therapeutic effects via anti-inflammation including antiapoptosis rather than epithelial cell proliferation in these inflammatory bowel disease models.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Influence of antimicrobial treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection on the intestinal microflora in Japanese macaques.

Eradication treatment for Helicobacter pylori is known to cause mild but relatively frequent adverse effects. Some adverse effects such as diarrhoea and soft stools are related to disruption of the composition of the intestinal microflora. This study investigated the microfloral changes resulting from administration of an eradication regimen using proton pump inhibitor (PPI), amoxycillin and clarithromycin. Twenty-eight laboratory-bred Japanese macaques either were administered eradication treatment by this regimen for 7 days or received no medication. Faecal samples were collected for analysis on days 0, 8 and 15, and both aerobic and anaerobic cultures were performed. Among aerobic bacteria, Streptococcus had significantly decreased by day 8, while Enterococcus and Enterobacteriaceae had significantly increased. However, the total number of aerobic bacteria was not significantly decreased from pretreatment levels 1 day after completion of treatment. The number of anaerobic bacteria did not change significantly by day 8. However, the number of Lactobacillus and the detection rate of Bifidobacterium, Peptostreptococcus and Veillonella significantly decreased by day 8, although the number of Bifidobacterium, Peptostreptococcus and Veillonella had almost recovered up to the pretreatment levels 1 week after completion of treatment (day 15). These results suggest that the alterations in the composition of the intestinal microflora caused by the antimicrobial regimen that excludes metronidazole are different from those caused by the regimen including this drug. However, the alterations in bacterial microflora had almost reversed 7 days after completion of treatment in these macaques, which supports clinical findings that diarrhoea or soft stools in humans resolve relatively quickly after a similar treatment.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed2004

[Evaluation of diagnostic methods for Helicobacter pylori infection].

In Japan, the noninvasive diagnostic tests currently approved for health insurance by the Ministry of Health are the serology test, the 13C-UBT test and the stool antigen test. The serology(antibody detection) test is useful for pretreatment screening, but because it reflects an immunologic response, false negatives are seen in patients with diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and connective tissue diseases, and in the elderly. Furthermore, the serology test is difficult to use in the clinical setting, because 6 months or more is needed for the antibody titer to fall, after eradication therapy. For UBT, the expensive 13C-UBT is used. In view of the anticipated increase in testing, a test that is relatively inexpensive, simple, accurate and safe is needed. The stool antigen test has become available, and the test has been validated for accuracy. The stool antigen test is useful for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection before and after treatment in Japanese population.

Helicobacter Infections↗
PubMed2003

Poorly controlled ulcerative colitis treated by colectomy during remission induced by extracorporeal leukocyte removal therapy.

Both monocyte-granulocytapheresis (M-GCAP) and leukocytapheresis (LCAP) are categorized as extracorporeal leukocyte removal therapies (ECCTs). These therapies have been recognized as efficient adjuncts for patients of steroid-resistant ulcerative colitis (UC). This study aimed to consider the adaptation and the limitation of these new therapies from the clinical standpoint based on a case of UC showing strong resistance to high-dose continuous steroid injection therapy. The patient successfully underwent a scheduled colectomy while maintaining remission after applying M-GCAP and LCAP independently. Surgical therapy was chosen because of a deep ulcer in the patient's sigmoid colon, which was assumed to constitute a future risk for perforation. This case suggests that combining ECCT with steroid therapy can maintain such poorly controlled and high-risk UC patients safely for the scheduled colectomy while improving the prognosis by reducing the dosage of steroid efficiently prior to operation.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Suitable diagnostic methods for H. pylori infection after eradication therapy].

Urease test, histology, culture, urea breath test(UBT) and stool antigen test are accurate tests for Helicobacter pylori diagnosis. General practitioners are now going to test peptic ulcer disease patients with these tests before and after in Japan. To test with high accuracy after eradication therapy, it is important that examination should be done over 4 weeks after cessation of treatment with PPI and antibiotics. UBT and stool antigen test are suitable tests for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection after treatment.

Helicobacter Infections↗
PubMed2002

Helicobacter pylori does not promote N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced gastric carcinogenesis in SPF C57BL/6 mice.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been acknowledged as a promoter and an initiator for gastric carcinogenesis in experimental models using Mongolian gerbils with H. pylori strains TN2GF4 and ATCC 43504, which have + ve cagA and vacA phenotype s1 / m1. To get more insight into the role of H. pylori in gastric carcinogenesis, we studied the effect of H. pylori SS1, which has + ve cagA and vacA phenotype s2 / m2, on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced chemical gastric carcinogenesis using SPF C57BL / 6 mice. Thus, H. pylori SS1 was inoculated 1 week after the completion of MNU treatment to examine the promoting effect of this bacterium. The incidences of polypoid lesions, differentiated adenocarcinomas, and adenomatous hyperplasias were 67% (10 / 15), 47% (7 / 15) and 80% (12 / 15), respectively, in the MNU-alone group. The corresponding figures were 31% (8 / 26), 23% (6 / 26) and 35% (9 / 26) in the MNU + H. pylori group. The incidences of polypoid lesions and adenomatous hyperplasia were significantly different between the groups. Thus, the results indicate that H. pylori SS1 infection reduced susceptibility to chemical gastric carcinogenesis in this model. The discrepancy between the present result and previous results is likely to have been caused by differences in host factors and bacterial factors. Further study of the relationship between gastric carcinogenesis and H. pylori infection is needed.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection].

Peptic ulcer in elderly patients may be associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. Diagnosis for H. pylori infection should be needed in these patients. The test may be resulted in false negative in case of invasive diagnostic methods based gastric biopsy, because atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia developed in patients may not be able to detect scarce infection of the bacterium. Urea breath test or stool antigen test are recommended for diagnosis of H. pylori infection in patients. It is suitable for patients, because of the non invasive nature of these diagnostic tests.

Aged↗