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Biomedical subjects

Ken Hayashi

Publications and source records attributed to Ken Hayashi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Long-term changes in corneal surface configuration after penetrating keratoplasty.

PURPOSE: To examine the long-term longitudinal changes in corneal surface configuration as determined by Fourier series harmonic analysis of videokeratography data and of visual acuity and refraction after penetrating keratoplasty (PK). DESIGN: Interventional case series. METHODS: One hundred thirty eyes of 130 consecutive patients who were scheduled for PK using 16 interrupted 10-0 nylon sutures were recruited. Spherical equivalent power, regular astigmatism component, irregular astigmatism (asymmetry and higher-order irregularity) component of the central cornea as determined by Fourier analysis of videokeragraphic data, spectacle-corrected visual acuity, and spherical equivalent were examined at 1 week, and at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months after PK. RESULTS: Spherical equivalent power increased considerably for up to 1 month after PK, but thereafter showed no further appreciable change up to the final follow-up at 24 months. The regular astigmatism component decreased markedly for up to 6 months after PK, while the total irregular astigmatism (sum of the asymmetry and higher-order irregularity) component decreased considerably up to approximately 3 months, and then these showed no further relevant change for up to 24 months. Spectacle-corrected visual acuity also improved markedly until approximately 3 months after PK, after which it was virtually stable. Furthermore, important correlations were found between regular and irregular astigmatism and the spectacle-corrected visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: Corneal surface configuration after PK appears to be stable by approximately 6 months after PK, concurrent with postkeratoplasty stabilization of visual acuity.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Posterior capsule opacification in myopic eyes.

PURPOSE: To determine whether posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is extensive in eyes with myopia or long axial length when an intraocular lens (IOL) of low-power, zero-power, or minus-power, is implanted. SETTING: Hayashi Eye Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan. METHODS: Ninety eyes of 90 patients scheduled for phacoemulsification surgery were recruited. These consisted of 30 eyes with high (> or =-8 diopters [D]) myopia, 30 eyes with moderate (<-8 D and > or =-3 D) myopia, and 30 eyes with low (<-3 D) myopia. All eyes had implantation of an acrylic IOL-low-power, zero-power, or minus-power-with a sharp optic edge (AcrySof MA60BM or MA60MA, Alcon Surgical). The PCO in these eyes was measured using a Scheimpflug videophotography system (EAS-1000, Nidek) 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after surgery. Visual acuity and the incidence of neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG) laser posterior capsulotomy were also examined. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed in the mean PCO value or in the Nd:YAG capsulotomy rate between the high myopia, moderate myopia, or low myopia groups throughout the follow-up period. There was also no significant correlation between PCO value and the actual spherical power or axial length of the eye. Furthermore, although mean visual acuity tended to be worse in proportion to the degree of myopia, the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: When an acrylic IOL of low-power, zero-power, or minus-power with a sharp optic edge was implanted, high myopia and long axial length were not associated with the degree of PCO.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2006

Simultaneous versus sequential penetrating keratoplasty and cataract surgery.

PURPOSE: To compare the surgical outcomes of simultaneous penetrating keratoplasty and cataract surgery with those of sequential surgery. METHODS: Thirty-nine eyes of 39 patients scheduled for simultaneous keratoplasty and cataract surgery and 23 eyes of 23 patients scheduled for sequential keratoplasty and secondary phacoemulsification surgery were recruited. Refractive error, regular and irregular corneal astigmatism determined by Fourier analysis, and endothelial cell loss were studied at 1 week and 3, 6, and 12 months after combined surgery in the simultaneous surgery group or after subsequent phacoemulsification surgery in the sequential surgery group. RESULTS: At 3 and more months after surgery, mean refractive error was significantly greater in the simultaneous surgery group than in the sequential surgery group, although no difference was seen at 1 week. The refractive error at 12 months was within 2 D of that targeted in 15 eyes (39%) in the simultaneous surgery group and within 2 D in 16 eyes (70%) in the sequential surgery group; the incidence was significantly greater in the sequential group (P = 0.0344). The regular and irregular astigmatism was not significantly different between the groups at 3 and more months after surgery. No significant difference was also found in the percentage of endothelial cell loss between the groups. CONCLUSION: Although corneal astigmatism and endothelial cell loss were not different, refractive error from target refraction was greater after simultaneous keratoplasty and cataract surgery than after sequential surgery, indicating a better outcome after sequential surgery than after simultaneous surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Phaco-viscocanalostomy versus phaco-trabeculotomy: a middle-term study.

PURPOSE: To compare the surgical outcomes between phaco-viscocanalostomy and phaco-trabeculotomy in open-angle glaucoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a nonrandomized, retrospective clinical study, 110 eyes underwent phaco-viscocanalostomy (VCS group), and 110 eyes underwent phaco-trabeculotomy (LOT group). The mean follow-up was 857+/-409 (+/-SD) days (P=0.4777). RESULTS: The mean preoperative treated intraocular pressure (IOP) values were 20.2+/-3.5 mm Hg in the VCS group and 20.9+/-3.5 mm Hg in the LOT group (P=0.3377). The postoperative IOPs in the VCS group were 15.0+/-3.0 and 16.1+/-3.0 mm Hg at 1 and 3 years, and in the LOT group 16.3+/-2.9 mm Hg (P=0.0088) and 16.5+/-3.3 mm Hg (P=0.4993), respectively. The number of medications used in the VCS group was significantly lower than in the LOT group during the observation periods (P< or =0.0130). The probabilities of achieving IOPs< or =21 mm Hg at 3 years in the VCS group were 92.0% with or without mediations and 58.2% without medications, and were significantly better than those of the LOT group (84.7% and 36.0%, P=0.0334 and P<0.0001 by log-rank test, respectively). The probabilities of achieving IOPs< or =16 mm Hg at 3 years in the VCS group were 30.5% with or without mediations and 30.3% without medications, whereas those in the LOT group were 27.5% (P=0.1799) and 19.4% (P=0.0010), respectively. The visual outcome was similar between the groups. Postoperative hyphema (> or =2 mm) and IOP spikes (> or =30 mm Hg) occurred significantly less in the VCS group (2.7 and 3.6%, respectively) than in the LOT group (26.4 and 28.2%, respectively; P<0.0001). In 13 eyes (11.8%) of the LOT group, the highest IOP level was recorded 40 mm Hg or higher. Vitreous hemorrhage and central visual loss occurred in 1 case each in the LOT group. CONCLUSIONS: After a middle-term observation, phaco-viscocanalostomy provides better IOP control and a lower incidence of vision-threatening complications than phaco-trabeculotomy.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

[Effect of volume reduction surgery by radiofrequency for enlarged adenoid causing recurrent otitis media with effusion].

PURPOSE: We studied the effect of volume reduction surgery by a radiofrequency (ENTec coblator) for enlarged adenoid causing recurrent otitis media with effusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The effect of volume reduction surgery by radiofrequency for enlarged adenoid was studied in 50 children with enlarged adenoid causing recurrent otitis media with effusion from June 2002 to September 2004, while a group of 50 children with tympanostomy-tube placement alone from April 2001 to September 2004, was used as the control group. Volume reduction surgery by radiofrequency system for enlarged adenoid was done with tympanostomy-tube placement under general anesthesia by laryngeal mask. We compared two groups in following 5 different aspects: (1) tympanostomy-tube replacement, (2) remyringotomy, (3) total visits to our clinic after surgery, (4) total days with antibiotics, (5) absence of effusion and normal middle ear function as seen on the tympanogram after tympanostomy-tubes loss. We evaluated the reduction of enlarged adenoid by using the pre-and postoperative obstructive rate of the choana through the nasopharyngoscope. RESULTS: The volume of enlarged adenoid was reduced an average of 52.2% by radiofrequency. The pharyngeal opening of the eustachian tube and the choana could be opened widely. No severe intra or postoperative complications occurred. Compared to the control group treated with tympanostomy tubes alone, postoperative tympanostomy-tube replacement, postoperative remyringotomy, total postoperative visits to our clinic, total postoperative days with antibiotics, and tympanogram types C2 and B after tympanostomy-tubes loss decreased notably in cases with volume reduction surgery by radiofrequency for enlarged adenoid and tympanostomy-tube placement. CONCLUSION: Volume reduction surgery by radiofrequency for enlarged adenoid is considered very safe, effective one-day surgery technique for recurrent otitis media with effusion.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed2005

Hepatocyte growth factor is constitutively produced by donor-derived bone marrow cells and promotes regeneration of pancreatic beta-cells.

Recent studies have demonstrated that the transplantation of bone marrow cells following diabetes induced by streptozotocin can support the recovery of pancreatic b-cell mass and a partial reversal of hyperglycemia. To address this issue, we examined whether the c-Met/hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) signaling pathway was involved in the recovery of b-cell injury after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). In this model, donor-derived bone marrow cells were positive for HGF immunoreactivity in the recipient spleen, liver, lung, and pancreas as well as in the host hepatocytes. Indeed, plasma HGF levels were maintained at a high value.The frequency of c-Met expression and its proliferative activity and differentiative response in the pancreatic ductal cells in the BMT group were greater than those in the PBS-treated group, resulting in an elevated number of endogenous insulin-producing cells. The induction of the c-Met/HGF signaling pathway following BMT promotes pancreatic regeneration in diabetic rats.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

A novel phenylalanine-based targeting signal directs telencephalin to neuronal dendrites.

Neurons sort out a variety of functional molecules to appropriate subcellular destinations. Telencephalin (TLCN; intercellular adhesion molecule-5) is a cell adhesion molecule specifically localized to somatodendritic membranes in the telencephalic neurons. Here, we established a new in vivo strategy to analyze neuronal sorting mechanisms by ectopic expression of molecules of interest in the cerebellar Purkinje cells of transgenic mice. By using this system, we identified a novel dendritic targeting determinant in the cytoplasmic tail region of TLCN. A full-length TLCN ectopically expressed in the Purkinje cells was localized exclusively to dendrites but not to axons. In contrast, a deletion of cytoplasmic C-terminal 12 amino acids (residues 901-912) or a point mutation of Phe905 to Ala abrogated the dendrite-specific targeting with appearance of the truncated and point-mutated TLCN in both axons and dendrites. Furthermore, an addition of the C-terminal 17 amino acids (residues 896-912) of TLCN to an unrelated molecule (CD8) was sufficient for its specific targeting to dendrites in several types of neurons. Because the C-terminal region of TLCN does not contain any canonical dendritic targeting sequences such as the tyrosine-based motif or the dileucine motif, this study suggests a novel mechanism of protein trafficking to the dendritic compartment of neurons.

Amino Acid Motifs↗
PubMed2005

Intravitreal versus retrobulbar injections of triamcinolone for macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion.

PURPOSE: To compare the short-term effect of intravitreal versus retrobulbar injection of triamcinolone acetonide for the treatment of macular edema caused by branch retinal vein occlusion. DESIGN: Randomized clinical trial. METHODS: Sixty eyes of 60 patients who had macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion were randomly assigned to receive a single intravitreal injection (4 mg) or repeated retrobulbar injections (40 mg, three times) of triamcinolone. These injections (first injection in the retrobulbar group) were given approximately 1 week after focal laser photocoagulation. Using optical coherence tomography, the central retinal (foveal) thickness and total macular volume were measured before and at 1 and 3 months after injection. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and the incidence of reinjection were also examined. Fifty-two patients (86.7%) completed the 3-month follow-up. RESULTS: The mean foveal thickness and total macular volume decreased significantly after either intravitreal or repeated retrobulbar triamcinolone injections. Foveal thickness and macular volume were significantly less after intravitreal injection than after repeated retrobulbar injections, although there had been no significant differences at baseline. The percent reductions in foveal thickness and macular volume were also greater after intravitreal injection than after retrobulbar injections. Improvement in visual acuity was significantly better after intravitreal injection than after the retrobulbar injections. The incidence of intraocular pressure rise (to > or =20 mm Hg) was greater in the intravitreal group than in the retrobulbar group, but this was readily controlled by the use of antiglaucoma medications. After completion of the 3-month follow-up, 24 patients (46.2%) underwent reinjection. The need for reinjections was significantly greater in the retrobulbar group than in the intravitreal group (P = .0001). CONCLUSIONS: A single intravitreal injection of triamcinolone is significantly more effective than are repeated retrobulbar injections in reducing macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion, and leads to greater improvement in visual acuity.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Comparison of the stability of 1-piece and 3-piece acrylic intraocular lenses in the lens capsule.

PURPOSE: To compare the degrees of intraocular lens (IOL) decentration, tilt, and longitudinal movement; the refractive change; and anterior capsule contraction after cataract surgery between eyes with a 1-piece acrylic IOL with soft acrylic loops and eyes with a 3-piece acrylic IOL with rigid poly(methyl methacrylate) loops. SETTING: Hayashi Eye Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan. METHODS: Fifty-six patients had implantation of a 1-piece acrylic IOL in 1 eye and a 3-piece acrylic IOL in the fellow eye. The degree of IOL decentration and tilt, the anterior chamber depth (ACD), and the area of anterior capsule opening were measured using Scheimpflug videophotography 3 days and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. The postoperative refractive status was also examined. RESULTS: The mean degrees of decentration and tilt in the 1-piece IOL group were similar to those in the 3-piece IOL group throughout the follow-up. The ACD did not change after surgery in the 1-piece group but showed significant shallowing in the 3-piece group (P < .0001). The spherical equivalent (SE) did not change in the 1-piece group, while the SE had a significant myopic shift of approximately 0.4 diopter in the 3-piece group. The percentage of anterior capsule contraction was similar between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: The degree of IOL decentration and tilt and percentage of anterior capsule contraction in eyes with a 1-piece acrylic IOL with soft acrylic loops were similar to those in eyes with a 3-piece acrylic IOL. The longitudinal movement of the 1-piece IOL was less than the movement of the 3-piece IOL, resulting in less postoperative myopic shift.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2005

Intraocular lens factors that may affect anterior capsule contraction.

PURPOSE: To examine the various factors comprising intraocular lenses (IOLs) that may affect the degree of anterior capsule contraction after cataract surgery. DESIGN: Randomized controlled clinical trials. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred thirty-one patients scheduled for bilateral cataract surgery were studied to compare the degree of anterior capsule contraction in fellow eyes that received different IOLs with regard to the following factors: (1) optic material-acrylic optic versus silicone optic; (2) optic design-round-edge optic versus sharp-edge optic; (3) haptic material-polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) loop versus polyvinylidene fluoride loop; and (4) haptic material and design-single-piece acrylic haptic versus 3-piece PMMA haptic. The 2 IOLs implanted in the fellow eyes of each patient had almost the same material and design, except for the specific factor being compared. METHODS: All patients underwent phacoemulsification surgery with implantation of different IOLs in fellow eyes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The area of the anterior capsule opening was measured using the Scheimpflug videophotography system at 3 days or 1 week (baseline) and at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. The percent reduction in the anterior capsule opening area from baseline was determined at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: The mean percent reduction of the anterior capsule opening area was significantly greater in eyes with a silicone optic IOL than in eyes with an acrylic optic IOL. However, no significant difference was observed in the percent reduction between round-edge and sharp-edge optic IOLs, between PMMA and polyvinylidene fluoride loop IOLs, and between single-piece acrylic and 3-piece PMMA haptic IOLs. Strong associations were found in the percentage between round-edge and sharp-edge optic IOLs, between PMMA and polyvinylidene fluoride loop IOLs, and between single-piece acrylic and 3-piece PMMA haptic IOLs, whereas there was a relatively weak association between silicone and acrylic optic IOLs. CONCLUSIONS: Among the IOL factors examined, optic material affects most significantly the degree of anterior capsule contraction, whereas optic design and haptic material and design are not strongly related to anterior capsule contraction.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2005

Posterior capsule opacification in the presence of an intraocular lens with a sharp versus rounded optic edge.

PURPOSE: To compare the degree of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) and visual function in eyes implanted with an acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) with a sharp posterior optic edge with that in eyes implanted with an IOL with a rounded optic edge. DESIGN: Randomized clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-five consecutive patients scheduled for bilateral phacoemulsification were assigned randomly to 1 of 2 groups. One group received an acrylic IOL with a sharp edge (Sensar AR40e, AMO, Santa Ana, CA) in the left eye and an acrylic IOL of the same optic material and loops but with a rounded-edge optic (Sensar AR40) in the right eye. The other group received the sharp-edged IOL in the right eye and the rounded-edge IOL in the left eye. Sixty-nine patients (92%) completed follow-up. INTERVENTION: All patients underwent implantation of a sharp-edged IOL in 1 eye and a rounded-edge IOL in the fellow eye. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The PCO value of these patients was measured using the Scheimpflug videophotography system at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after surgery. The incidence of eyes that required a neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser posterior capsulotomy was examined. Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity with and without a glare source also were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean PCO value in the sharp-edge IOL group was significantly less than that in the rounded-edge IOL group throughout the follow-up period. The incidence of Nd:YAG capsulotomy also was significantly less in the sharp-edge group than in the rounded-edge group (P = 0.0095). No significant difference was found in mean visual acuity during the 24 months of follow-up. However, contrast visual acuity with and without glare was significantly better in the sharp-edge group than in the rounded-edge group at 24 months after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The degree of posterior capsule opacification in eyes with an acrylic IOL with a sharp posterior optic edge is significantly less than that in eyes with a rounded-edge IOL, and the sharp-edge optic led to better contrast sensitivity with and without glare.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2005

Acute colorectal obstruction treated by means of transanal drainage tube: effectiveness before surgery and stenting.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to clarify the usefulness of the management of acute colorectal obstruction using a transanal drainage tube before surgery or stenting. METHODS: Fifty-four patients (34 males and 20 females, aged 46-94 yr, mean = 69.7) treated between May 1998 and March 2004 for acute colorectal obstruction were identified in a colorectal obstruction database, and their clinical and radiological features were reviewed. Based on abdominal computed tomography findings, urgent colonoscopy was performed. Subsequently, endoscopic decompression using a Dennis Colorectal Tube (DCT) was attempted. RESULTS: Endoscopic decompression using the DCT was technically successful in 52 of 54 patients (96.3%). The site of obstruction was the cecum in 4, the ascending colon in 2, the transverse colon in 7, the descending colon in 11, the sigmoid colon in 18, and the rectum in 12. The etiology of obstruction was primary colorectal carcinoma in 45, non-colonic metastatic carcinoma in 4, postoperative obstruction in 4, and retrograde intussusception in 1. Following adequate cleansing of the colon, 44 patients underwent a one-stage surgery after 7+/- 3 days (SD; range, 4-10 days). Stenting was successfully used as the final palliative treatment in 4. The use of the DCT alone relieved postoperative stenosis (3 patients) and retrograde intussusception (Prognosis in patients with obstructing colorectal carcinoma. Am J Surg 1982;143:742-7). During these treatments, perforation occurred in one patient with postoperative stenosis of the cecum. CONCLUSIONS: Management of acute colorectal obstruction using the DCT was found to be effective and safe, irrespective of the site or etiology of the obstruction. Therefore, this procedure should be considered as a primary method for decompression of the obstructed colon before considering surgery or stenting.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

[Survey of gemcitabine treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer in 20 hospitals of Nagano Prefecture].

To establish an effective therapy for pancreatic cancer, we made a retrospective survey of gemcitabine treatment performed at 20 hospitals in Nagano Prefecture. We analyzed data of 106 patients (64 men and 42 women, median age 66 years (33-83 years old)), half of whom had stage IV disease. Gemcitabine was administered for 3 consecutive weeks with one week rest in 57 patients, biweekly in 30 patients, initially for 3 weeks with 1 week rest and switched to biweekly schedule to 15 patients, and with another regimen to 4 patients. Analysis of the results of gemcitabine treatment between the 3 weeks with 1-week-rest regimen and the biweekly regimen revealed no differences between regimens in growth inhibition and symptom alleviation. However, we found less occurrence of blood toxicity in the biweekly regimen (40%) than in the 3 weeks with 1 week-rest regimen (59%). Median survival time for the biweekly regime was 9.7 months, only slightly longer than that of the 3 weeks with 1-week-rest regimen (8.5 months). The present study showed that a biweekly regimen for gemcitabine administration may be equivalent to the standard regime of 3 weeks with 1-week-rest regimen. Moreover, the biweekly regimen has advantages over the 3 weeks with 1-week rest regimen both economically and in terms of convenience for outpatient treatment. Therefore, the present results should be confirmed in future prospective studies, with the hope of developing a new standard treatment regimen for pancreatic cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Influence of cataract and intraocular lens surgery on health-related quality of life].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the vision-related quality of life(QOL) in patients undergoing cataract surgery with the Japanese version of the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Subjects were 110 patients [70.4 +/- 9.2 (mean +/- standard deviation) years old] undergoing bilateral cataract surgery. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/30 or worse in both eyes. The VFQ-25 was recorded before and 2 months after phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens implantation, and the influence of various clinical parameters was assessed. The VFQ-25 was also recorded in 69 glaucoma patients with visual field defects in both eyes, and in 31 normal subjects. RESULTS: The VFQ-25 scores before cataract surgery were as low as the scores obtained in glaucoma patients. Cataract surgery significantly improved VFQ-25 scores to the level of normal subjects Statistically significant improvements were observed in subscales such as general vision, near activities, distance activities, driving, peripheral vision, color vision, social functioning, dependency, role difficulties, mental health, and total score (p<0.001, paired t-test). The degree of improvement in VFQ-25 scores did not correlate with preoperative or postoperative visual acuity, uncorrected or corrected. The VFQ-25 scores improved more in younger patients, and improvement in the general vision subscale showed a significant negative correlation with age (r= -0.286, p=0.009, Pearson correlation coefficient). The degree of posterior subcapsular cataract in better eyes showed significant correlation with the improvement in subscales, such as distance activity (r =0.413, p<0.001), driving (r= 0.449, p=0.015), social functioning (r=0.308, p= 0.004), mental health (r=0.330, p=0.002), dependency (r=0.323, p=0.003), and total score (r=0.328, p=0.002). Other types of cataract had no correlation. Men tended to show more improvement in VFQ-25 scores by surgery than women, except for the dependency subscale. CONCLUSION: The current study quantitatively demonstrated that vision-related QOL is significantly impaired in patients with cataract, and that cataract surgery dramatically improves patients' QOL.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Intraocular pressure rise after phacoemulsification surgery in glaucoma patients.

PURPOSE: To examine the changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) and the incidence of substantial rises in IOP in the early period after cataract surgery in eyes with open-angle glaucoma (OAG). SETTING: Hayashi Eye Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan. METHODS: The study included 32 eyes of 32 patients with OAG and 31 control eyes of 31 age-matched patients scheduled for phacoemulsification surgery. The IOP was measured preoperatively and 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 28 days postoperatively. The incidence of a substantial rise in IOP postoperatively was evaluated, with the criterion being an IOP higher than 30 mm Hg. RESULTS: In the OAG group, the mean IOP increased 1, 2, and 3 days postsurgery and then decreased, whereas in the control group, it decreased from day 1 postsurgery. Although no significant differences were found between groups preoperatively, the mean IOP in the OAG group was significantly higher than in the control group postoperatively. Furthermore, the mean IOP decrease was also less in the OAG group than in the control group. A substantial increase in IOP occurred at day 1 postsurgery in 4 eyes (12.5%) in the OAG group, whereas no eyes in the control group showed such an increase; this difference was significant (P =.0419). CONCLUSIONS: A substantial increase in IOP occurred in an approximately 13% of eyes with OAG 1 day after phacoemulsification surgery. The IOP shortly after surgery was significantly greater in the eyes with OAG than in nonglaucomatous eyes.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Phacoemulsification after retinal detachment surgery.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcomes of phacoemulsification in eyes that had previous retinal detachment (RD) surgery. SETTING: Hayashi Eye Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan. METHODS: Ninety-six eyes of 90 consecutive patients who had phacoemulsification after previous RD surgery (RD group) were included. Fifty-one fellow eyes that had not had RD surgery but did have phacoemulsification served as controls (control group). Recurrence of RD, visual acuity, complications, and the neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy rate were examined. RESULTS: Recurrent RD after phacoemulsification occurred in 2 eyes (2.1%) in the RD group. Three eyes (5.9%) in the control group developed RD postoperatively. The incidence of RD was not significantly different between the 2 groups (P =.3416). The mean final visual acuity in the RD group was 20/30, significantly worse than in the control group (P =.0099). Posterior capsule opacification developed in 29 eyes (30.2%) in the RD group and 11 eyes (21.6%) in the control group; the difference between the groups was not significant. Eighteen eyes (43.9%) that had implantation of a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) intraocular lens (IOL) and 7 eyes (6.6%) that received an acrylic IOL had an Nd:YAG capsulotomy; the capsulotomy rate was significantly higher in eyes with a PMMA IOL than in eyes with an acrylic IOL (P<.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The rate of recurrent RD after phacoemulsification in eyes that had previous RD surgery was similar to that of new occurrence of RD in fellow eyes without RD before phacoemulsification. Because the Nd:YAG capsulotomy rate was lower in eyes with acrylic IOLs than in eyes with PMMA IOLs, acrylic IOLs are recommended for eyes at high risk for RD.

Aged↗