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Biomedical subjects

Kenneth L Cohen

Publications and source records attributed to Kenneth L Cohen.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Quantification of macular and optic disc hyperfluorescence after phacoemulsification in diabetes mellitus.

PURPOSE: To quantify changes in areas of hyperfluorescence of the macula, perifovea, and optic disc after phacoemulsification in patients with diabetes mellitus and evaluate relationships between hyperfluorescence, macular thickness, diabetic retinopathy (DR), and logMAR best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). SETTING: Ophthalmology Clinic and Operating Room, Ambulatory Care Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, and the University of North Carolina Hospitals, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. METHODS: This prospective case-control study comprised 30 eyes of 24 subjects with cataracts and diabetes mellitus with different levels of DR. Preoperatively and 2 months postoperatively, BCVA was recorded, digital retinal photography and fluorescein angiography were performed, macular thickness was measured (optical coherence tomography), and DR and hyperfluorescence of the optic disc, macula, and perifovea were quantified. RESULTS: Postoperatively, BCVA improved in surgical eyes but was unchanged in nonsurgical eyes. Preoperatively, between eyes, there was no difference in hyperfluorescence. Postoperatively, hyperfluorescence of the optic disc, macula, and perifovea increased in surgical eyes and was unchanged in nonsurgical eyes. Macular thickness increased in surgical eyes, although DR was unchanged in surgical and nonsurgical eyes. Although there was no correlation between hyperfluorescence and macular thickness in surgical eyes, increased hyperfluorescence of the perifovea was associated with less improvement in BCVA. CONCLUSIONS: After phacoemulsification, hyperfluorescence and macular thickness increased in the eyes of diabetic subjects. These short-term changes are more likely an effect of the surgery than a worsening of DR.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Retinal thickness measurement after phacoemulsification.

PURPOSE: To measure macular thickness using the Retinal Thickness Analyzer (RTA) (Talia Technologies, Ltd.) before and after routine phacoemulsification. SETTING: Ophthalmology Clinic, Ambulatory Care Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, and the University of North Carolina Hospitals, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. METHODS: Thirty-five nonconsecutive patients scheduled for phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation were recruited. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and macular thickness in the surgical and nonsurgical eyes were measured with the RTA prior to surgery and 1 and 6 weeks after surgery. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to evaluate each index of macular thickness--the mean posterior pole, perifoveal, and foveal thicknesses--over the 3 time periods and to compare the indices before surgery in surgical and nonsurgical eyes. Spearman correlations were computed for each index and the BCVA. Significance was assessed at the 5% level. RESULTS: Preoperatively, all indices were higher in surgical [corrected] eyes than in nonsurgical [corrected] eyes. In surgical eyes, all indices decreased from preoperatively to 6 weeks after surgery. In nonsurgical eyes, there was no change. The BCVA in surgical eyes improved from before surgery to 1 week and 6 weeks after surgery. In surgical eyes, there were nonsignificant negative correlations between each index and the BCVA before surgery and 1 and 6 weeks after surgery. In nonsurgical eyes, there were nonsignificant negative correlations between each index and the BCVA preoperatively and 6 weeks after surgery, except for a significant negative correlation for the foveal index at 6 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Measurements by the RTA indicate that the decrease in macular thickness indices in surgical eyes from before surgery to 6 weeks after routine phacoemulsification is an artifact of imaging the retina through hazy media. Therefore, the results must be interpreted in the context of the clinical situation.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Recurrence of iris stromal cyst following aspiration and resection.

We describe a 3-month-old patient with a primary epithelial cyst of the iris stroma. Although these cysts account for 16% of all childhood iris cysts, these cysts are uncommon with only a small number of reported cases.(1-6) Because our patient's cyst had amblyogenic potential, we proceeded with surgical treatment. The cyst was aspirated, but it recurred within 7 weeks. Sector iridectomy with excision of the cyst was performed, again with recurrence and subsequent glaucoma and cataract. These cysts present difficult management issues concerning the choice of initial surgical treatment and subsequent complications.

Cataract↗
PubMed2002

Familial, band-shaped, spheroidal keratopathy histopathology in ethnic Chinese siblings.

PURPOSE: To describe the histopathology of familial, band-shaped, spheroidal keratopathy in ethnic Chinese siblings. New histopathologic findings are presented that may shed light on the etiology of this rare and unique condition. METHODS: Three ethnic Chinese siblings in Urumqi, People's Republic of China, were examined. One brother and sister had spheroidal, amber-colored droplets in the superficial, central corneal stroma. Each had a diffuse gray haze and thickening of the peripheral corneal stroma. A histopathologic study of penetrating keratoplasty specimens was performed. Another sister had only thickening and haze of the corneal stroma. RESULTS: Typical spheroidal deposits in the superficial stroma were demonstrated. One cornea had vascularization and amyloid deposition. One cornea had loss of endothelial cells and a thickened Descemet's membrane. CONCLUSION: Neovascularization and amyloid deposition are likely secondary phenomena in this familial disease. A new clinical finding is the hazy, thickened stroma. New pathologic findings are the loss of endothelial cells and the marked thickening of Descemet's membrane. An endothelial cell dystrophy may accompany familial, band-shaped, spheroidal keratopathy.

Adult↗