Biomedical subjects

Kenshi Terajima

Publications and source records attributed to Kenshi Terajima.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

A possible variant of neuro-Behçet disease presenting chronic progressive ataxia without mucocutaneo-ocular symptoms.

Behçet disease (BD) is a chronic relapsing multisystem disorder of unknown etiology, which preferentially affects the oral and genital mucous membranes, skin, and eyes. Neurological involvement is one of the most serious manifestations of BD, known as neuro-Behçet disease (NBD). We here describe clinical, radiological, and neuropathological findings for two patients with a possible variant of NBD, who manifested progressive ataxia in the absence of mucocutaneo-ocular signs characteristic for BD. Both patients presented a slowly progressive cerebellar phenotype, accompanied by behavioral changes and sphincter disturbance. Brain MRI scan revealed mild atrophy in pons and cerebellum. Both patients showed a mild CSF pleocytosis, and were positive for HLA-B51. The post-mortem examination performed in one patient, showed widespread foci of chronic encephalitis, consistent with the diagnosis of NBD. Steroid pulse therapy was effective in one patient. Identifying the progressive ataxia phenotype of NBD without mucocutaneo-ocular symptoms is important, because these patients may benefit from early steroid therapy.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[A patient with HIV encephalopathy presenting with parkinsonism during HAART therapy].

We report the case of a 32-year-old man presenting symptoms of parkinsonism. Neurological examination revealed parkinsonism symptoms such as akinesia and postural instability, dementia and frontal lobe signs. He was diagnosed as having human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalopathy. Brain MRI, 99mTc ECD-SPECT and 1H-MR spectroscopy demonstrated symmetrical cerebral white matter lesions, predominantly in the bilateral frontal lobes. Frontal lobe dysfunction could be responsible for his parkinsonism associated with HIV encephalopathy. His neurological symptoms improved transiently after the initiation of HAART but fluctuated when antiretroviral drugs were changed because of their side effects. Although HAART effectively decreased plasma HIV-RNA load and increased peripheral blood CD4 cell count, his parkinsonism and dementia eventually exacerbated. Our results suggest that a combination of antiretroviral drugs affects the therapeutic efficacy against HIV encephalopathy, and that CNS symptoms could be aggravated during HAART, even when plasma HIV-RNA load and CD4 cell count are maintained under favorable conditions.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗

PubMed2004

Quantitative evaluation of brainstem involvement in multiple system atrophy by diffusion-weighted MR imaging.

In multiple system atrophy (MSA), symptoms associated with dysfunctions of the brainstem and autonomic nervous system are important prognostic factors. We investigated brainstem involvement in 12 patients with MSA with predominant cerebellar symptoms (MSA-C) (mean age, 56.3 +/- 9.9 years, median disease duration, 3 years), and 11 controls (57.6 +/- 12.0 years) matched for age using diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI). We demonstrated that apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) in the pons and middle cerebellar peduncle of MSA-C patients are significantly higher than those of normal controls even though the patients are in the early stage of the disease. Furthermore, we demonstrated that increased ADC values correlated well with the disease duration. The current study demonstrated that DWI is a useful noninvasive method for the quantitative evaluation of the brainstem involvement in MSA-C patients.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

EZ-tracing: a new ready-to-use algorithm for magnetic resonance tractography.

A new algorithm for tractography based on diffusion tensor analysis (DTA) is presented. This method, called EZ-tracing, is based on a new algorithm for analyzing DTA data, lambda chart analysis (LCA), and effectively overcomes the main shortcomings of previous methods for tractography. EZ-tracing is written in MATLAB scripting language (MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA) and can be implemented on any of the common operating systems, such as Microsoft Windows, UNIX, and LINUX. The program is available in public at coe@bri.niigata-u.ac.jp.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

[A case of multiple sclerosis with pathological laughing caused by pontine base lesions].

We report a case of multiple sclerosis (MS) with pathological laughing for which lesions in pontine bases are considered to be responsible. A 30-year-old man was diagnosed as having MS based on left hemiparesis, and pathological laughing, and MRI findings showing a plaque in the right pontine base as well as several plaques in the bilateral periventricular deep white matter. After remission for 6 years, his pathological laughing exacerbated in association with development of right hemiparesis. A new lesion in the left pontine base was demonstrated by MRI studies in addition to a few supratentorial lesions. Steroid pulse therapy was effective for both pathological laughing and right hemiparesis. We speculate that the anatomical lesion responsible for the pathological laughing is located in the pontine base.

Adult↗