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Kim Vaiphei

Publications and source records attributed to Kim Vaiphei.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Roles of syndecan-1, bcl6 and p53 in diagnosis and prognostication of immunoproliferative small intestinal disease.

AIM: To evaluate roles of syndecan-1, bcl6 and p53 in diagnosis and prognostication of immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) and to study profiles of kappa (kappa) and lambda (lambda) light chains and IgA heavy chain. METHODS: The study consisted of 11 cases of IPSID and similar number of controls which included 11 of normal intestinal mucosa and 11 of high grade B cell lymphoma of ileum. The parameters analyzed included clinical profiles, biochemical and other laboratory investigations, radiologic and histological findings including immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: All IPSID cases had demonstrable serum IgA heavy chain and heavy mucosal plasma cell infiltration. According to Galian's histological staging, there were 4 patients with stage A and 7 with stage B. kappa and lambda light chains were over-expressed in 7 patients; 1 stage A patient had H pylori-positive active gastritis and eradication of H pylori led to disease remission. Stage A biopsies had higher expression for syndecan-1, while stage B had higher expression for bcl6 and p53. Syndecan-1, kappa and lambda light chains and IgA heavy chain showed inverse relationship with bcl6 and p53. All patients were treated with doxycycline. CHOP regime was added in 5 patients who developed frank lymphoma. Three died of the disease due to extensive organ infiltration. CONCLUSION: Certain immunomarkers like syndecan-1, kappa and lambda light chains and IgA heavy chain could be of much help in identifying early stage IPSID. Stage B IPSID showed higher expression for bcl6 and p53 than stage A IPSID. bcl6 and p53 expressions correlated with a more advanced disease stage and aggressive tumour behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Effect of garlic on isoniazid and rifampicin-induced hepatic injury in rats.

AIM: To evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of garlic on liver injury induced by isoniazid (ZNH) and rifampicin (RIF). METHODS: Wistar rats weighing 150-200 g were treated orally with 50 mg/kg of INH and RIF daily each for 28 d. For hepatoprotective studies, 0.25 g/kg per day of freshly prepared garlic homogenate was administered orally half an hour before the INH+RIF doses. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and bilirubin were estimated on d 0, 14, 21, and 28 in all the rats. Histological analysis was carried out to assess the injury to the liver. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) as a marker of oxidative stress and non-protein thiols (glutathione) for antioxidant levels were measured in liver homogenate. RESULTS: The treatment of rats with INH+RIF (50 mg/kg per day each) induced hepatotoxicity in all the treated animals as judged by elevated serum ALT, AST, and bilirubin levels, presence of focal hepatocytic necrosis (6/8) and portal triaditis (8/8). Garlic simultaneously administered at a dose of 0.25 g/kg per day prevented the induction of histopathological injuries in INH+RIF co-treated animals, except in 4 animals, which showed only moderate portal triaditis. The histological changes correlated with oxidative stress in INH+RIF treated animals. The group which received 0.25 g/kg per day garlic homogenate along with INH+RIF showed higher levels of glutathione (P<0.05) and low levels of LPO (P<0.05) as compared to INH+RIF treated group. CONCLUSION: Freshly prepared garlic homogenate protects against INH+RIF-induced liver injury in experimental animal model.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Mesenteric hematoma mimicking a neoplasm--a case report.

Mesenteric hematoma is an uncommon condition. A 24-year-old man who underwent surgery for retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma presented 9 months later with upper abdominal mass. Computerized tomography revealed a mesenteric mass in relation to proximal ileum. With a diagnosis of tumor recurrence, exploratory laparatomy was carried out, and the mass was resected out. Histology revealed an organized hematoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Primary chondrosarcoma of ethmoid bone in a 6-year-old child.

Chondrosarcoma (CS) is a distinctly uncommon tumor in young patients and tends to be located in the extremities. Cartilaginous tumors in young patients are benign tumors. We report a case of a childhood CS in a 6-year-old boy who presented with right-sided proptosis. Radiological examination revealed a large destructive mass in right ethmoidal sinus extending into the surrounding sphenoidal sinus, intracranially, and the into right orbit, causing proptosis. Biopsy of the mass showed characteristic features of a well-differentiated CS. There are no reports of CS presenting as proptosis and arising from ethmoid bone. This case highlights the rarity of this tumor with regard to age of presentation and site of origin.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2006

Spinal compression due to ossified yellow ligament: a short series of 5 patients and literature review.

BACKGROUND: Ossification of ligamentum flavum in the thoracic region causing compressive myelopathy among middle-aged patients is a poorly described entity. CASE DESCRIPTION: Five patients of Indian origin with OYL are described. Their clinical presentations, surgical options, and long-term outcome are presented. Radiologic and clinical follow-up of one of the patient is described over a span of 10 years. CONCLUSIONS: Decompressive laminectomy and excision of the OYL is the commonly performed surgical procedure. A rapid neurologic improvement follows decompression. The persistent spasticity in certain patients is attributed to irreversible changes within the cord. The disease is thought to be progressive in nature. The prolonged follow-up of these patients suggests that the long-term prognosis is poor. Selective racial involvement and variable clinical presentations, with treatment options, are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Cerebellar aspergillosis in an infant: case report.

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Intracranial aspergillosis is occasionally seen among immunocompromised patients, the incidence increasing in consequence to large-scale use of chemotherapy against malignancies and immunosuppression after organ transplantation. Immunocompetent patients harboring invasive intracranial fungal infections still remain an elusive diagnosis. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 7-month-old immunocompetent infant who developed and harbored cerebellar aspergillosis until 3 years of age is reported. INTERVENTION: Radical surgical resection of posterior fossa mass (aspergilloma) and parenteral administration of Amphotericin B led to a successful outcome. CONCLUSION: The differential diagnosis at both stages of presentation and the possible mode of infection are discussed according to the radiological images. Preoperative diagnosis on the basis of imaging is difficult. The pathogenesis of such an infection remains uncertain. Parenteral Amphotericin B, followed by prolonged itraconazole therapy, remains the "gold standard" modality for central nervous system fungal infections in adjunct to aggressive surgical debridement.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed2006

Comparative analysis of HBV and HCV infection in hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic liver disease--an autopsy based study.

UNLABELLED: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the common malignancies worldwide including Asian countries. Chronic viral hepatitis is implicated as an important etiological factor in carcinogenesis of liver. AIM: To study incidence of hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses in HCC and to compare the incidences with that of chronic liver disease. MATERIALS AND METHOD: 40 cases each of HCC (group I) and chronic liver disease including cirrhotic liver (group II) who died of the liver disease. All cases were stained with HBsAg and HBcAb for HBV and RT-PCR for HCV RNA. Different groups were compared using student's t-paired and chi-square tests. RESULTS: Group I--HCC was seen in 37 cirrhotics and 3 non-cirrhotic cases. HBsAg was positive in 32 cases (80%), HBcAb in 22 cases (55%) and HCV in 23 cases (57.5%) (p<0.05). Dysplastic nodule (DN) was seen in 25 cases, HBsAg and HBcAg positivity were seen in 18 and 15 cases respectively. Group II--32 cases were cirrhotic and 8 were non-cirrhotics. HBsAg was positive in 28 (70%), HBcAb in 12 (30%) and HCV in 18 (45%) cases. DN was seen 24 cases, HBsAg and HBcAg postiviy were seen in 16 and 7 cases respectively. HBV and HCV co-infection was seen in 20 and 15 cases, and HCV with HBcAb positivity was seen in 13 and 9 cases in groups I and II respectively. Number of cells in each case showing positivity for HBcAb was also significantly higher in group I (p<0.01). Age and sex distribution did not show any distinctive differences between the two groups. CONCLUSION: the study highlights a high incidence ofHBVand HCV infection in cases of chronic liver disease and HCC. HBcAb positive state appears to be an independent risk factor for HCC.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Pure red cell aplasia with malignant thymoma: a rarity.

Pure red cell aplasia sometimes accompanies thymoma. Herein we report a PRCA patient with malignant thymoma. Only two Indian cases of PRCA with malignant thymoma have been reported so far and six cases in the world literature, to the best of our knowledge. This paper describes a malignant thymoma in a 40 year old male who later on developed pure red cell aplasia 7 months after thymectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Smokeless tobacco impairs the antioxidant defense in liver, lung, and kidney of rats.

The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of long-term use of aqueous extract of gutkha (a form of smokeless tobacco) on the antioxidant defense status and histopathological changes in liver, lung, and kidney of male Wistar rats. Animals were orally administered aqueous extract of smokeless tobacco (AEST) at a low dose (96 mg/kg body weight per day) for 2 and 32 weeks, and at a high dose (960 mg/kg body weight per day) for 2 weeks. High-dose AEST for 2 weeks decreased the hepatic glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and increased lipid peroxidation (Lpx) by 17%, 19%, and 20%, respectively. Low-dose AEST for 32 weeks significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the antioxidant status in these organs. In liver, AEST decreased GSH levels and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and GPx by 34.6%, 29%, 17.1%, and 17.4%, respectively, but it increased Lpx by 64%. In kidney, GSH, SOD, CAT, and GPx were decreased by 26.6%, 23%, 33%, and 18%, respectively, with an increase of Lpx by 65%. AEST decreased the lung GSH, SOD, CAT, and GPx, and increased lung Lpx by 43%, 28.5%, 37%, 40%, and 24%, respectively. However, no change in the plasma levels of vitamins A, C, and E were observed with AEST treatment. Histopathological findings suggest that administration of AEST at the high dose for 2 weeks or at the low dose for 32 weeks could cause mild to moderate inflammation in liver and lungs. In conclusion, a decrease in the antioxidant defense system and long-term inflammation caused by smokeless tobacco may be risk factors for gutkha-induced pathogenesis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2005

Hairy cell leukemia-variant--a case report.

Hairy-cell leukemia-variant (HCL-V) is a rare B-cell disorder which accountsfor 10% of HCL cases. The main features are splenomegaly, lymphocytosis and cytopenias without monocytopenia. The circulating cells have a morphology intermediate between prolymphocytes and hairy cells. The immunophenotype shows a mature B-cell phenotype with expression of B-cell antigens CD11c and CD103 but unlike typical hairy cell the cells are negative for CD25. The histology of bone marrow and spleen shows a pattern of infiltration similar to that in HCL. We present a case of HCL-V in a 66-year-old male. The bone marrow findings, immunophenotypic profile and electron microscopic features are described. The patient underwent splenectomy which also revealed infiltration by leukemia. Patients are resistant to alkylating agents and alpha-interferon (á-IFN). Splenectomy may be beneficial for long-lasting partial responses in some of the patients and is a good palliative treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Varicella glomerulonephritis mimicking microscopic polyangiitis.

Varicella in childhood is usually a self-limiting illness with few complications. Varicella nephritis is an uncommon entity and seen mostly in immunocompromized individuals. We report a 14-year-old boy with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis who developed varicella nephritis and in whom the renal manifestations preceded the skin lesions by 1 week. This is an extremely unusual occurrence, and only one case has been described before. Such a presentation can mimic the clinical features of microscopic polyangiitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Cutaneous Aspergillus flavus infection in a neonate.

A premature newborn infant born at 30 weeks gestation developed erythematous papular skin lesions that coalesced to form a necrotic plaque with black eschar. Skin histopathology and culture demonstrated infection with Aspergillus flavus. There was no evidence of Aspergillus flavus infection elsewhere.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed2004

Isolated enteric duplication cysts.

Two rare cases of completely isolated duplication cysts are reported. A large but asymptomatic tubular cyst hanging from a narrow pedicle arising from the base of the terminal ileal mesentery was removed in a 6-day-old boy along with correction of associated malrotation. Multiple isolated duplication cysts located in the thorax and abdomen were excised in a 10-week-old infant. Both children remained asymptomatic after surgery.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2004

An unusual case of recurrence of AA amyloidosis in the renal allograft.

Recurrence of amyloidosis secondary to chronic infections in the renal allograft is highly unusual. We report the recurrence of amyloid in the graft within one year after transplantation in a patient with systemic AA amyloidosis secondary to tuberculosis. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was made in the immediate post-transplant period on the basis of good therapeutic response of fever and chest infiltrates to anti-tubercular chemotherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Adenosquamous carcinoma of the rectum: a case report.

Adenosquamous carcinoma is defined as a tumor with well defined malignant glandular and squamous components and the potential for both components to metastases. This tumor is extremely rare in colon and rectum with an incidence of less than 0.2%. Adenosquamous carcinoma of rectum should be distinguished from collision tumor with exemption of all lesions located distal to a level of 7 cm above the dentate line. Here we present a case of rare type adenosquamous carcinoma in rectum in a 29 year old female.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Basal cell adenoma-an unusual presentation.

Basal cell adenoma is an uncommon epithelial neoplasm of the salivary gland most commonly arising in the parotid glands. We report a case of basal cell adenoma of the minor salivary gland presenting as a slowly progressing, large parapharyngeal mass. Histopathology revealed a well-encapsulated mass with characteristic histomorphology. Immunohistochemistry showed selective positivity for pancytokeratin, S-100, and smooth muscle actin in the tumor which highlighted the participation of myoepithelial cells in histogenesis. In addition, positivity was noted for carcinoembryonic antigen and vimentin. Ultrastructural analysis showed characteristic features including reduplicated basal laminae around the tumor cells, presence of intermediary filaments, and rough endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm. There are no reports of basal cell adenoma presenting as a parapharyngeal mass lesion in the available English literature. This case highlights the rarity of this tumor with regard to its site of origin, possibly from a minor salivary gland.

Actins↗