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Kiyoshi Toko

Publications and source records attributed to Kiyoshi Toko.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Design of highly efficient receptor sites by combination of cyclodextrin units and molecular cavity in TiO2 ultrathin layer.

A highly effective approach was developed for sensitive detection of organic substances in water. In order to achieve high sensitivity and selective detection for aromatic compounds, cyclodextrin (CD) hosts and imprinting effects were combined to fabricate binding sites within TiO(2) ultrathin layer. The electrode surface was modified with ultrathin TiO(2) gel film containing a 2:1 complex of beta-CD and bisphenol A (BPA), and then the BPA moiety was removed by washing. The resulting BPA-imprinted TiO(2)/beta-CD film showed specific and sensitive detection of BPA, as confirmed by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and cyclic surface-polarization impedance (cSPI) measurements. The high selectivity for BPA relative to structurally related guest molecules was estimated to be 1.6-3.4 at the guest concentration of 2x10(-7)M, and was considered to arise from the synergic effect of the binding site.

Benzhydryl Compounds↗
PubMed2006

Evaluation of the molecular recognition of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies for sensitive detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by indirect competitive surface plasmon resonance immunoassay.

Detection of TNT is an important environmental and security concern all over the world. We herein report the performance and comparison of four immunoassays for rapid and label-free detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The immunosensor surface was constructed by immobilization of a home-made 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (TNPh-KLH) conjugate onto an SPR gold surface by simple physical adsorption within 10 min. The immunoreaction of the TNPh-KLH conjugate with four different antibodies, namely, monoclonal anti-TNT antibody (M-TNT Ab), monoclonal anti-trinitrophenol antibody (M-TNP Ab), polyclonal anti-trinitrophenyl antibody (P-TNPh Ab), and polyclonal anti-TNP antibody (P-TNP Ab), was studied by SPR. The principle of indirect competitive immunoreaction was employed for quantification of TNT. Among the four antibodies, the P-TNPh Ab prepared by our group showed highest sensitivity with a detection limit of 0.002 ng/mL (2 ppt) TNT. The lowest detection limits observed with other commercial antibodies were 0.008 ng/mL (8 ppt), 0.25 ng/mL (250 ppt), and 40 ng/mL (ppb) for M-TNT Ab, P-TNP Ab, and M-TNP Ab, respectively, in the similar assay format. The concentration of the conjugate and the antibodies were optimized for use in the immunoassay. The response time for an immunoreaction was 36 s and a single immunocycle could be done within 2 min, including the sensor surface regeneration using pepsin solution. In addition to the quantification of TNT, all immunoassays were evaluated for robustness and cross-reactivity towards several TNT analogs.

Antibodies↗
PubMed2005

Surface plasmon resonance immunosensor for highly sensitive detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene.

We have examined the sensing characteristics of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) immunoassay for the detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) using an immunoreaction between 2,4,6-trinitrophenol-ovalbumin (TNP-OVA) conjugate and anti-2,4,6-trinitrophenol antibody (anti-TNP antibody). TNP-OVA conjugate was attached to a SPR-gold sensing surface by means of physical immobilization, which undergoes binding interaction with anti-TNP antibody. Both the immobilization and binding processes were studied from a change in the SPR-resonance angle. The quantification of TNT is based on the principle of indirect competitive immunoassay, in which the immunoreaction between the TNP-OVA conjugate and anti-TNP antibody was inhibited in the presence of free TNT in solution. The decrease in the resonance angle shift is proportional to an increase in concentration of TNT used for incubation. The immunoassay exhibited excellent sensitivity for the detection of TNT in the concentration range from 0.09 to 1000 ng/ml with good stability and reproducibility. The immunosensor developed could detect TNT as low as 0.09 ng/ml, within a response time of approximately 22 min. The sensor surface was regenerated by a brief flow of pepsin solution, which disrupts the antigen-antibody complex without destroying the conjugate biofilm. Cross-reactivity of the SPR sensor to some structurally related nitroaromatic derivative and the detection of TNT in the presence of these nitroaromatic compounds were investigated. The cross-reactivity of the SPR sensor to 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), 1,3-dinitrobenzene (1,3-DNB), 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2A-4,6-DNT) and 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4A-2,6-DNT) were very low (< or =1.1%). The analytical characteristics of the proposed immunosensor are highly promising for the development of new field-portable sensors for on-site detection of landmines.

Biosensing Techniques↗
PubMed2004

Study of sweet taste evaluation using taste sensor with lipid/polymer membranes.

The higher sensitivity for sweeteners can be achieved by newly developed lipid/polymer membranes. The membrane is composed of lipids such as phosphoric acid di-n-hexadecyl ester and tetradodecylammoniumbromid, and a plasticizer, dioctyl phenylphosphonate. As a result of changing electric charge of the membrane surface, the newly developed membrane shows 5-10 times higher sensitivity for sucrose than the conventional ones. We also applied the sensor to other sugars such as sugar alcohol which is used as alternative sweetness or food additives. The experimental results of other sweeteners relatively correspond to human sensory evaluation, though the sensitivity for some sugars need to be improved.

Carbohydrates↗