Biomedical subjects

Krystyna Obtułowicz

Publications and source records attributed to Krystyna Obtułowicz.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

[Recombinant human C1-inhibitor is effective in the treatment of acute attacks of hereditary angioedema--case report].

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare condition, resting on attacks of edema in various localizations, potentially life-threatening if in facial, laryngeal, pharyngeal or gastrointestinal area. The disease is caused by deficiency or impaired activity of C1 inhibitor, therefore C1 inhibitor infusion is the the essential treatment and the only efficient method in an acute attack of HAE. Nowadays C1 inhibitor applied in our patients is obtained from human plasma, what restricts the availability of the drug and carries relevant risks. After many years of research it came to the synthesis of the recombinant protein with features of human C1 inhibitor. Its first usage in Poland took place-in two HAE patients with severe edema in 2004. The course and efficiency of this treatment is reported in the paper. Recombinant human C1 inhibitor occurred efficient and safe in presented case of severe angioedema.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2005

[Eosinophilia, ECP and Ecp/Eo ratio in allergic and non-allergic diseases].

Eosinophilia in peripheral blood occurs in allergic as well as non-allergic diseases. In the research there were 26 patients with eosinophil level above 5% encountered in leukocyte smear of peripheral blood encountered. Patients were split into 3 groups: patients with allergic atopic disease (ANN), patients with non-atopic (contact dermatitis) disease and patients with upper airways infection and/or parasitic disease. In the researched groups there were no statistically significant differences of ECP level in serum and of ECP/Eo ratio detected. There were also correlations between ECP and ECP/Eo ratio for every researched group analyzed. The highest correlation was observed in patients with contact dermatitis and in non-atopic patients in general. Initial results show uselessness of applied research methods in the routine differential diagnosis of eosinophilia.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

[Allergia rhinosinusitis. Diagnosis, programming and treatment monitoring].

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common airway diseases. About 15% of population suffers from this disease and the prevalence of this illness is still increasing. The symptoms of AR (itching, sneezing, watery nasal discharge) may be persistent or intermittent. Persistent AR often leads to sinusitis (in about 50% of patients), to bronchial asthma (in 40-50% of cases), to conjunctivitis (in > 40%) and to nasal polyps (in 10-15%). The main reasons for AR symptoms are environmental allergens (mites, pollen grains, moulds, animal epithelia) as well as foods, some drugs and chemicals. Diagnosis of AR is based on history, rhinoscopy, cytology of nasal smear. In IgE related AR very important are positive skin prick tests with allergens and the increase of allergen specific IgE in serum. In the treatment of AR most important are: allergen avoidance, topical antihistamins and steroids. Sometimes topical anticholinergics and nasal decongestants are used. In severe symptoms oral antihistamines and oral steroids are needed. In some cases of IgE related AR specific immunotherapy is applied.

Allergens↗

PubMed2005

[Eosinophil in allergic and non-allergic inflammation].

Eosinophiles are the cells, which play a crucial role in different pathological events. The atopic and parasitic disorders, as well as hipereosinophilic syndrome (HES) are the most typical processes in which they take part. Eosinophilia, which is the rise of number of eosinophiles in peripheral blood above 500 in 1 microl, or above 5% in smear of leucocytes can exist both in allergic and infectious diseases, as well as in neoplasmic and autoimmunological disorders, and in reactions to drugs or others. The mechanism of activation of eosinophiles in atopic diseases is well known and is connected with IL-5, IL-4 and IL-13. According to the last literature data, three routes of activation of eosinophil can be distinguished: Th2 route connected with cytokines: IL-5, IL-4 and IL-13, Th1 route connected with cytokines: IFN-gamma 11-12, GM-CSF, as well as internal route connected with IL-1, TNF, GM-CSF. The experience of different routes of eosinophil's activation may be helpful in the differential diagnosis of eosinophilia.

Cytokines↗

PubMed2003

[Drug-induced skin allergy].

Drug allergy is an important and increasing problem in everyday practice. It is estimated that about 15% of adverse side effects of drugs are of allergic nature. This kind of adverse reactions appear where antibodies or activated T cells are directed against drugs. The pathomechanism and symptoms of drug allergy may be connected with every of 4 types of hypersensitivity according to Gell and Coombs. Most frequently, drug allergy manifests as different forms of skin reactions. Some of them like urticaria and angioedema are IgE-related and appear rapidly after drug intake. Others appear as delayed-type reactions and manifest as maculopapular, pustular or bullous exanthema. The diagnosis of drug-induced skin allergy is based on history, clinical picture, in vitro laboratory tests and skin tests (prick, intradermal and patch). The treatment includes drug withdrawal and symptomatic pharmacotherapy.

Drug Eruptions↗

PubMed2003

[Nickel allergy in contact and atopic dermatitis].

The study is aimed to determine the importance of type I and type IV allergy in eczema caused by allergy to nickel. The study was performed at 55 patients (42 women, 13 men, aged 16-58 yrs) suffering from hand dermatitis (19 cases), disseminated eczema (22 cases) and atopic dermatitis (14 cases) with positive skin patch test to 2.5% nickel sulphate. In each patients history of illness was analyzed, total serum IgE level (tIgE) was estimated and specific IgE (sIgE) for nickel and also absolute blood eosinophils and basophils counts were estimated for the evaluation of the atopy features. In each patient patch skin test with different nickel sulphate dilutions were performed as well as skin prick tests with different dilutions of nickel sulphate. The following oral provocation tests were carried out with the nickel sulphate in doses 0.56 mg, 1.12 mg, 2.24 mg, 5.6 mg and 11.2 mg. The test was stopped at the dose provoking the symptoms of illness. Positive family history, the increased tIgE serum level as well as absolute counts of eosinophils and basophils were present in some patients with atopic and contact dermatitis and they were not useful in differential diagnosis of this forms of skin allergy. Skin patch test with different concentrations of nickel sulphate was helpful to establish the degree of contact sensitivity in all patients. The oral provocation test with different dose of nickel sulphate also provoked symptoms in some patients in each observed groups, but the reaction to the lowest dose was observed only in patients with atopic dermatitis. Specific IgE to nickel as well as skin prick testing also with different dilutions of nickel sulphate are not useful in the diagnosis of nickel allergy. In the all examined patients they were negative. It seems that both types of allergy (type I and IV) may take part in the patho-mechanism of atopic and contact skin allergy with alternate prevalence of one of its depending on patient condition.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

[Immunoglobulin E and complement in patients with contact allergy to nickel suffering from atopic and contact eczema].

The aim of the study was estimation of the IgE value, circulating immunocomplexes and the activity of complement system in allergic contact as well as atopic dermatitis in patients with skin nickel hypersensitivity. The study was done in 30 patients in the age range of 18-53 yrs suffering from allergic contact dermatitis (15 patients) and atopic dermatitis (15 patients) with positive skin patch test to nickel. The concentration of total IgE as well as specific IgE to mites, Phleum, Betula, Artemisia and the concentration of circulating complexes in the serum of patients were estimated. The activity of C1inh and CH50 was estimated in plasma of the patients. The results of the study indicated an increase of concentration of circulating immuno-complexes in 80% of the patients of both groups, an increase of total IgE in 50% of patients with atopic dermatitis and in 25% of the patients with contact dermatitis. There were no changes in the activity of C1inh and the value of CH50 in both groups of patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

[Complement system in patients with IgE related and non IgE related bronchial asthma].

The studies were performed in 32 patients in the age range of 17-58 years suffering from bronchial asthma in the exacerbation period of their illness. 16 patients suffered from IgE related/atopic and 16 from IgE non IgE related/nonatopic bronchial asthma. The complement haemolytic activity (CH50) and the activity of C1 inhibitor (C1 INH) were measured in the plasma. In 60% of patients with IgE related asthma and in 45% of patients with non IgE related asthma we stated decrease of CH50. The activity of C1INH also was decreased in 80% of patients with atopic asthma and in 40% of patients with nonatopic asthma. The observed changes were not related to aspirin tolerance as well as to IgE mediation of their illness. Control examinations of these parameters repeated during remission of asthma symptoms in 11 patients with low values during the exacerbation of the illness (in 5 patients with atopic and in 6 with non-atopic asthma) revealed an increase of their values; however without features of normalisation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

[C1 inhibitor deficiency. Heredity and acquired forms. Symptoms, diagnostic and therapeutic problems].

C1 inhibitor deficiency can be hereditary (Type I and II) or acquired (Type I and II). Clinically it is manifested by recurrent attacks of angioedema which may involve skin, airways and digestive tract. The acquired form of C1 inhibitor deficiency is associated with lymphoproliferative or connective tissue disorders as well as with autoimmunization. Clinical symptoms are similar in all forms of C1 inhibitor deficiencies and they are connected with low serum level of C4 as well as with decreased activity of C1 inhibitor. In acquired angioedema additionally they are also decreased C1 and C1q and in type II C3 serum concentration is diminished. The drugs of choice are anabolics (danazol, stanazolol). Antifibrinolitic drugs are also used, especially in acquired forms of C1 inhibitor deficiency. The infusion of C1 inhibitor concentrate is used in acute emergency treatment.

Angioedema↗

PubMed2002

[Exercise-induced asthma and anaphylaxis].

The main discussed issues in the study are: epidemiology and the most important conceptions explaining pathomechanism of exercise-induced bronchospasm. Presented recommendations concern physical activities, prophylactic and pharmacological treatment in exercise-induced asthma. The study contains description of diagnostic exercise challenge tests principles and performance procedures. Problem of exercise-induced bronchial asthma related to practice sports is underlined. Reasons and symptoms of exercise-induced anaphylaxis are presented.

Anaphylaxis↗

PubMed2002

[Inhalation challenges with agents in diagnosis of occupational asthma].

Inhalation challenges with agents causing occupational asthma are presented. We discuss their meaning among other diagnostic method, safety requirements, indications and contraindications. The study contains the description of most frequent delivery procedures as well as rules of assessment of bronchial response and result interpretation.

Asthma↗