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Biomedical subjects

Kyubo Kim

Publications and source records attributed to Kyubo Kim.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Concurrent radiotherapy with paclitaxel/carboplatin chemotherapy as a definitive treatment for squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the toxicity and the efficacy of paclitaxel/carboplatin chemoradiotherapy as a definitive treatment for squamous cell cancer of the uterine cervix. METHODS: From March 2000 to January 2004, 33 patients with squamous cell cancer of the uterine cervix were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy including 2 cycles of paclitaxel (135 mg/m(2)) and carboplatin (area under the time-concentration curve 4.5 mg min/ml) at 4-week interval. Seven patients received adjuvant chemotherapy with the same chemotherapeutic regimen. All patients received external beam radiotherapy with 41.4-51.4 Gy (median 50.4 Gy) to the whole pelvis. Twenty-eight patients received boost irradiation to the cervix by brachytherapy with 25.6-43.3 Gy (median 34.6 Gy) and 5 patients by external beam radiotherapy with 10.8-14.4 Gy (median 14.4 Gy). RESULTS: A median follow-up period was 27 months (range: 6-53 months). Acute hematological toxicity of grade 3 or 4 developed in 20 patients (61%), and acute gastrointestinal toxicity of grade 3 developed in 1 patient (3%). Vesicovaginal fistula occurred in 2 patients (6%). All patients achieved objective response (CR 70%, PR 30%) in 2 months after termination of treatment. One patient had a local progression in cervix, and 4 patients developed distant metastases. The 3-year estimated disease-free survival rates for stages I-IIA, IIB, III and IV were 67%, 91%, 88% and 50%, respectively. The 3-year estimated survival rates for stages I-IIA, IIB, III and IV were 89%, 91%, 88% and 50%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin is effective to achieve an excellent pelvic control.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Outcomes of Kimura's disease after radiotherapy or nonradiotherapeutic treatment modalities.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical outcome of Kimura's disease and to identify the optimal treatment regimen for Kimura's disease. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 1984 and 2003, 14 patients with Kimura's disease were treated with radiotherapy (RT) and 9 patients were treated with local excision or systemic steroids. The radiation doses ranged from 20 to 45 Gy. Immunohistochemical studies were performed in 13 cases. RESULTS: At RT completion, a marked response in terms of tumor size was noted in most cases. The median follow-up was 65 months. Local control was obtained in 9 (64.3%) of the 14 in the RT group and in 2 (22.2%) of the 9 in the non-RT group. No secondary malignancies were observed in the RT group. CONCLUSION: These results supports the finding that RT is more effective against Kimura's disease. Simple or immunohistochemical features did not influence the treatment outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Correlations of oral tongue cancer invasion with matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In oral tongue cancer, the degree of tumor invasion has a significant effect on the prognosis. We hypothesized that the destruction of extracellular matrix and neovascularization are related to tumor infiltration mechanism. By studying the tissues of early stage oral tongue cancer patients, we are intending to clarify the invasion-related factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To demonstrate the invasion process in early T-stage oral tongue cancer, the expressions of extracellular matrix destruction-related molecules (MMP-2, MMP-9) and neovascularization-related molecule (VEGF) were observed by immunohistochemical study. Also, staining of CD31 was done for quantification of neovascularization. We analyzed relationship between expression of each substances and tumor invasion depth, tumor free survival rates, and cervical lymph node metastasis rate. RESULTS: The expression rates of MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF in 38 early oral cancer patients were 52.6%, 78.9%, and 52.6%, respectively. Significant correlation was found between the VEGF expression and microvessel density showed by CD31 immunohistochemical staining (P < 0.001). VEGF expressions were significantly related with tumor invasion depth (P = 0.002). The tumor-free survival rate of those patients with VEGF-positive tumors was significantly poorer than in those with VEGF-negative tumors (P = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that VEGF is a useful marker for predicting the tumor invasion in patients with early tongue cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Effects of prostagladin E(2) on gel-forming mucin secretion in normal human nasal epithelial cells.

CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicate that prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) induces MUC5AC gene expression and mucin secretion via the EP4 receptor in cultured normal human nasal epithelial cells. OBJECTIVES: Recently, PGE(2) was found to induce MUC5AC production via an agonist of EP2/EP4, but not EP1/EP3, in normal human airway epithelium. However, the receptor that mediates MUC5AC has not been determined. This study aimed to investigate the MUC5AC mucin gene and mucin secretion by PGE(2) and its receptors in cultured normal human nasal epithelial cells. METHODS: After treatment with PGE(2) and/or PGE(2) antagonist, gel-forming mucin mRNA expression was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Total mucin and MUC5AC mucin levels were measured using an immuno-dot blotting assay. RESULTS: PGE(2) increased only MUC5AC gene expression and MUC5AC mucin, but not expression of other gel-forming mucin genes. An EP2 receptor antagonist (AH 6809) did not suppress the PGE(2)-induced MUC5AC gene expression or MUC5AC mucin. However, an EP4 receptor antagonist (AH23848) significantly suppressed the level of PGE(2)-induced MUC5AC gene expression and MUC5AC mucin.

Cell Culture Techniques↗
PubMed2006

Expression of hepatocyte growth factor and c-Met in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) may play an important role in the progression of hypopharyngeal cancer. OBJECTIVE: HGF, a potent stimulator of hepatocyte growth, stimulates the motility, invasiveness, proliferation and morphogenesis of epithelium and may be involved in physiologic and pathologic processes such as embryogenesis, wound healing, organ regeneration, inflammation and tumor invasion. We therefore examined the role of HGF and c-Met in the invasion and metastasis of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed immunohistochemical staining of 40 specimens each of normal mucosa and SCC of the hypopharynx with HGF and c-Met antibodies. For reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting, fresh normal and cancer tissue from the hypopharynx obtained from five patients were used. RESULTS: Positive rates of HGF and c-Met expression in hypopharyngeal SCC were 77.5% and 70%, respectively. HGF staining was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and pathologic stage (p < 0.05). c-Met staining was only significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (p < 0.05). Increased expression of c-Met mRNA (RT-PCR) and protein (Western blotting) was detected in hypopharyngeal cancer tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Expression and regulation of PLUNC in human nasal epithelium.

CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that PLUNC (palate, lung, and nasal epithelium clone) is secreted from nasal epithelial cells and is not influenced by differentiation or proinflammatory mediators. The functional role of PLUNC in the human airway has yet to be elucidated. OBJECTIVES: The localization and regulation of PLUNC protein in human nasal epithelium was investigated. First, we located epithelial cells expressing PLUNC protein in human nasal mucosa. Secondly, we sought to identify PLUNC protein in either human nasal secretions from healthy volunteers or apical secretions from cultured human nasal epithelial cells. Lastly, we investigated whether epithelial differentiation and proinflammatory cytokines influence the expression of PLUNC in human nasal epithelial cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining for PLUNC was conducted on nasal turbinate specimens. Western blot analysis was conducted on nasal secretions from healthy volunteers, apical secretion from cultured human nasal epithelium, and on normal-appearing posterior ethmoid mucosa, inferior turbinate, and nasal polyp specimens. Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) of PLUNC was performed with mRNA from cultured human nasal epithelium cells treated with either interleukin-1beta or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. RESULTS: PLUNC was expressed in ciliated cells of surface epithelium and serous cells of the submucosal gland in the human nasal mucosa, and was also found in the nasal secretions of healthy volunteers and apical secretions of cultured human nasal epithelial cells. The degree of mucociliary differentiation and proinflammatory mediators did not influence the expression of PLUNC gene and protein in nasal epithelium.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed2005

Efficacy of paclitaxel and carboplatin as a regimen for postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy of high risk uterine cervix cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin after hysterectomy for early stage uterine cervical carcinoma with high risk factors. METHODS: Between March 2000 and July 2002, 37 patients with stages IB-IIB uterine cervical carcinoma were treated with radical hysterectomy and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (POCCRT) with two courses of paclitaxel (135 mg/m(2)) and carboplatin (area under the time-concentration curve 4.5 mg min/ml) at 4-week interval. All the patients received external beam radiotherapy up to 50.4 Gy to the whole pelvis. Among these, 7 patients with close or involved resection margin received boost irradiation to the vaginal cuff (4 patients with low dose rate brachytherapy and 3 patients with external beam). Median dose of boost irradiation was 14.4 Gy (range: 14.4-34.6). RESULTS: Toxicity to POCCRT was mainly hematological and gastrointestinal, mostly grades 1 and 2. At a median follow-up of 27 months (range; 10-46), all the patients achieved local control, and 4 patients experienced distant relapses. The failure sites were as follows: bone (2 patients), paraaortic lymph node (1 patient), and supraclavicular lymph node (1 patient). CONCLUSIONS: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin after hysterectomy is well tolerated and produces excellent local control rate despite of short follow-up period. This regimen could be considered for a phase III trial.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Conservative parotidectomy for the treatment of parotid cancers.

A conservative parotidectomy is defined as any procedure that is less than a classic superficial parotidectomy, and where less than a full facial nerve is dissected. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oncologic effects of a conservative parotidectomy in a series of patients with malignant tumors of the parotid gland. The medical records of 43 patients treated at Severance Hospital from 1992 to 2002 who had been diagnosed with parotid cancers confined to the superficial lobe, and had also undergone conservative parotidectomies were reviewed. There were 16 males and 27 females, ranging in age from 8 to 84 years. Sixteen tumors (37%) were high-grade and 27 tumors (63%) were low-grade cancers. Twenty-four patients underwent neck dissection simultaneously with the primary lesion. Surgical treatment was followed by radiotherapy in 10 patients. The follow-up period ranged from 8 to 130 months, with a mean duration of time at 57.7 months. The overall survival rate and the disease-free rate at five years were 88% and 79%, respectively. Univariate analyses showed histologic tumor grade (p = 0.003) and pathologic neck node metastasis (p < 0.001) to be significant variables. Based on multivariate analysis, only the presence of pathologically positive lymph nodes proved to be significant (p = 0.001). Occult metastases rates was 25% (3 of 12 cases) for high-grade tumors and none of the low-grade tumors had microscopic metastases. Recurrences developed in eight cases (19%). Four cases (9%) had a local or locoregional failure. Of these cases, two cases were high-grade tumors (13%, 2 of 16) and the other two cases were low-grade tumors (7%, 2 of 27). The six cases (14%) of which four cases were high-grade (25%) and two cases were low-grade (7%) had positive surgical margin but showed no evidence of local recurrence after additional postoperative radiotherapy. The incidence of postoperative facial nerve paralysis (HB > 1) was 12% (5 out of 43) for a temporary deficit, but there was no permanent paralysis. Conservative parotidectomy with appropriate postoperative radiotherapy may be an acceptable procedure without potential morbidity, such as postoperative facial palsy, in the treatment of low-grade parotid cancers confined to the superficial lobe if the facial nerve is sufficiently distant from the tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Perichondrial flap to prevent chondritis and cartilage necrosis in salvage vertical partial laryngectomy for recurrent glottic carcinoma after irradiation: a new procedure.

CONCLUSION: We conclude that our new closure method using the posterior- and inferior-based perichondrial flap may diminish the chance of development of chondritis in salvage vertical partial laryngectomized patients with recurrent glottic cancer. OBJECTIVE: Post-radiation laryngeal chondritis with resultant cartilage necrosis is one of the most dreaded complications of radiotherapy treatment of glottic carcinoma. In the case of salvage vertical partial laryngectomy, the risk of its development may be increased. We introduce a new posterior- and inferior-based perichondrial flap procedure to prevent postoperative chondritis after salvage vertical partial laryngectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The perichondrium is incised along the midline and upper border of the thyroid cartilage, but not along the inferior border, unlike the conventional method. Then, the posterior- and inferior-based perichondrial flap, along with the cricothyroid muscle fascia, is elevated from the midline. For closure of the pharyngeal lumen, the outer perichondrium of the lesion side is sutured to the inner perichondrium of the contralateral side to protect the larynx from pharyngeal secretion. The utility of this procedure is reviewed retrospectively in 10 patients with locally persistent or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the vocal cord after failed laryngeal radiation therapy between 1994 and 2001. RESULTS: None of our patients developed chondritis postoperatively. The interval between the operation and removal of the tracheostomy tube ranged from 8 to 23 days (mean 12 days). Patients were able to swallow without aspiration within 7-22 days of the operation (mean 10 days). Discharge from hospital was possible after a mean recovery period of 11 postoperative days.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Treatment outcome of angiocentric T-cell and NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type: radiotherapy versus chemoradiotherapy.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcome of angiocentric T-cell and natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type. METHODS: Between February 1989 and March 2001, 53 patients with newly diagnosed angiocentric T-cell and NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type involving the head and neck, were treated with radiation therapy (RT). There were 37 males and 16 females. The median age of the patients was 45 years (range 19-73). Twenty of them were treated with chemoradiotherapy (CRT), while 33 with treated with RT alone. The median follow-up period was 74 months (range 6-173). RESULTS: The 5-year overall survival rate of all patients was 69%. CRT appeared to be inferior to RT alone in terms of 5-year overall survival, though the difference was not statistically significant (59 versus 76%, P = 0.27). CONCLUSIONS: There was no difference in survival between RT and CRT in angiocentric T-cell and NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Surgical outcome of radical maxillectomy in advanced maxillary sinus cancers.

We investigated the surgical outcome of radical maxillectomy in advanced maxillary sinus cancers invading through the posterior wall and into the infratemporal fossa. Twenty-eight patients with maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma, who visited the Otorhinolaryngology Department at Severance Hospital from March, 1993 to February, 2001 and underwent the surgery, were analyzed retrospectively by reviewing clinical medical records and radiologic test results. The mean follow- up period was 78.8 months.(26-162 months) Local recurrence, sites of local recurrence, and the 2-year disease-free survival rate were analyzed. Of the total 28 cases, 9 cases were T3, and 19 cases were T4. Total maxillectomy was performed in 12 cases (42.9%) and radical maxillectomy in 16 cases (57.1%). Regardless of staging, radical maxillectomy was performed only when cancers invaded through the posterior wall and into the infratemporal fossa. When cancers only maginally or did not invade the posterior wall, total maxillectomy was performed. The 2-year disease-free survival rate was 75% for both total and radical maxillectomy, and the local recurrence rates were 8.3% and 18.7% respectively. All recurrence occurred at the posterior resection margin of the maxillectomy. We strongly recommend the use of radical maxillectomy in the cases of advanced maxillary sinus cancers invading the infratemporal fossa. Radical maxillectomy can provide sufficient safety margins and lower the local recurrence rate.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Early development of the nose in human embryos: a stereomicroscopic and histologic analysis.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To analyze the morphologic features of the nose in the human embryo from the 4th to 8th developmental week according to Carnegie stage. STUDY DESIGN: Stereomicroscopic and histologic analysis of the morphology of the human embryo. METHODS: A total of 27 cases of embryos, ranging from Carnegie stage 13 to 23, were analyzed. The external morphology was observed with a stereomicroscope, photographed, and analyzed. The histologic features were observed with a light microscope in the horizontally transected specimens stained with hematoxylin-eosin. RESULTS: The nasal placode was observed in stage 13, and it became flat or even concave in stage 14. In stage 15, the nasal pit was formed. In stage 16, the nasal sac and nasal fin were observed. In stage 17, the oronasal membrane was formed by thinning of the nasal fin. In stage 18, the primitive choana was established by a rupture of the oronasal membrane. In stage 19, the lateral palatine process projected vertically below the level of the tongue. The cartilaginous nasal capsule was formed in stage 20. In stage 21, the olfactory area was localized to the upper portion of the lateral nasal wall and the nasal septum. In stage 22, the lateral palatine process developed in a somewhat horizontal orientation. In stage 23, the premaxilla and primitive choana were formed. CONCLUSIONS: The development of the nose is most active from Carnegie stage 13 to 19, which corresponds to the end of the fourth embryonic week to the end of the seventh week. Thus, this period is considered to be the most important period in human nasal embryonic development.

Embryonic Development↗
PubMed2003

Vocal analysis after vertical partial laryngectomy.

It is generally believed that a reconstruction of the glottic region after a vertical partial laryngectomy (VPL) can improve the glottic and supraglottic function. However, there is a paucity of reports on secondary healing without a glottic reconstruction after a VPL. The aim of this study was to obtain objective phonatory data after a VPL without a glottic reconstruction. From 1993 to 2001, 13 patients, who had been treated with VPL without a glottic reconstruction, were enrolled in this study. Patients with a postoperative follow up of less than 12 months were excluded. Seven lesions were classified as T1 glottic cancer and six as T2 glottic cancer- standard VPL (11 cases) and frontolateral VPL (2 cases). Acoustic ((fundamental frequency, Fo), jitter, shimmer, the noise to harmonic ratio (NHR)), aerodynamic (maximal phonation time (MPT), mean flow rate (MFR)) analysis and videostroboscopy were performed to evaluate the voice. There were significant differences in the Fo, jitter, shimmer, NHR, MPT and MFR between the VPL group and normal control group. In videostroboscopy, the following tendencies were observed in many cases: incomplete glottic closure, a decreased and irregular mucosal wave and amplitude, supraglottic voicing, abnormal arytenoid movement and anterior commissure blunting. Objective phonatory data after VPL without a glottic reconstruction was obtained. The voice quality after a VPL without a glottic reconstruction was somewhat unsatisfactory. A further comparison with other different surgical techniques of a VPL would help determine a better way of improving the voice quality in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Postoperative chemoradiotherapy of pancreatic cancer: what is the appropriate target volume of radiation therapy?

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: To evaluate the influence of radiation therapy target volume on the treatment outcome of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for pancreatic cancer after curative resection. METHODS: Between February 1987 and July 2001, 70 patients treated with curative resection and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma were analyzed. There were 49 males and 21 females, with a median age of 57 years. Whipple's operation was performed in 44 patients, pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy in 14, distal pancreatectomy in 9, and subtotal pancreatectomy in 3. Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy was given up to 40 Gy at 2 Gy per fraction with a two-week planned rest. Intravenous 5-fluorouracil (500 mg/m2/day) was given on days 1 to 3 of each split course of radiotherapy. Until 1991, whole pancreas or preoperative tumor volume and retroperitoneal lymph nodes were irradiated (extended field, n=14). Thereafter, the target volume included the retroperitoneal lymph nodes and the involved pancreatic resection margin (limited field, n=56). The median follow-up period of all the patients was 16 months (range, 2-99). RESULTS: The overall 2- and 5-year survival rate of all patients was 29.7% and 14.0%, respectively. According to the radiotherapy target volume, the median survival time was 14 months in the extended field group and 16 months in the limited field group (P = 0.65). CONCLUSIONS: From the viewpoint of the target volume of radiotherapy, a limited field did not worsen the treatment outcome, although the survival rate was poor in both groups.

Adenocarcinoma↗