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L A Krugner-Higby

Publications and source records attributed to L A Krugner-Higby.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

A comparison of two opioid analgesics for relief of visceral pain induced by intestinal resection in rats.

While developing a rat model for human short bowel syndrome, we noted that untreated rats as well as rats administered buprenorphine after intestinal resection exhibited behavior and appearance consistent with visceral pain and distress. To provide appropriate analgesics, we developed criteria to assess pain-related behavioral changes and conducted an experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of buprenorphine versus oxymorphone to alleviate the pain induced by intestinal resection. Rats underwent either small-bowel resection or transection surgery; in addition, animals received jugular catheterization for the delivery of total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Rats treated with buprenorphine received 0.5 mg/kg every 6 h subcutaneously, and rats treated with oxymorphone received 0.03 mg/kg hourly for 32 h via continuous intravenous (i.v.) infusion with TPN solution. Rats treated with buprenorphine exhibited behavior and appearance consistent with pain and distress for as long as 32 h postoperatively, whereas animals treated with oxymorphone exhibited behavior and appearance similar to their preoperative state. Thus, oxymorphone alleviated the pain-related behavioral changes after intestinal resection far better than did buprenorphine. Of interest, we observed that the buprenorphine was associated with a decrease in the volume of urine collected, whereas oxymorphone was associated with urine volumes similar to those of nonresected rats maintained with TPN. Because oxymorphone appeared to be a superior analgesic, we also evaluated three routes for administering this drug. Pain-related behavior changes were alleviated by the administration of oxymorphone by either Alzet mini-pump, bolus i.v. injection, or continuous i.v. infusion. We conclude that compared with buprenorphine, oxymorphone is a superior analgesic for the alleviation of visceral pain due to intestinal resection.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed2001

Chronic myelocytic leukemia in a juvenile rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta).

Myeloid neoplasia has been studied extensively in human beings but has not been reported in macaques. A 2-year-old female rhesus macaque that was experimentally exposed to lead as a neonate, was noted to have immature circulating myelocytic cells, including 1% blasts, and normocytic normochromic anemia on a blood sample obtained for monthly health monitoring. The animal was treated with hydroxyurea, blood transfusion, and recombinant human erythropoietin to reduce the leukocytosis and correct the anemia. The disease had a relatively indolent course for 3 months, when it progressed to blast crisis. After the onset of blast crisis, the animal was euthanized because of bleeding problems, anemia, and a progressive decline in her health. The animal was negative by serology, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, and/or culture for simian retrovirus (SRV), simian T-lymphotropic virus type I (STLV-I), and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). PCR assay for the bcr-ABL chromosomal translocation using primers made for the human gene was negative. Serology for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-like viruses was positive for IgG directed against the viral nucleocapsid antigen, but epidemiologic factors make it unlikely that the leukemia was associated with EBV-induced viral transformation. Lead exposure has been associated with neoplasia in human beings, and the possible role of neonatal lead exposure in hematologic neoplasias deserves further scrutiny.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary cultures of rhesus placental syncytiotrophoblasts are permissive for SIV infection.

Primary cultures of rhesus syncytiotrophoblasts incubated with SIVdeltaB670, SIVmac251, or SIVmac239 produced readily detectable virus in the supernatant for up to three weeks after infection. At four weeks, cells generally failed to release virus but placental cell lysates and placental cells cocultured for 24 hours with uninfected CEM x 174 cells were able to transmit infection. The presence of virus was confirmed by electron microscopy and PCR amplification of viral sequences from trophoblast genomic DNA. SIV p27 antigen was localized by immunostaining primarily in syncytiotrophoblasts.

Animals↗