Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to L A Lavrukhina.
The antiviral drug arbidole reduces influenza and acute respiratory diseases (ARD) in children by 1.5-2 times when given in a dose of 0.1-0.2 g 2-3 or 5 times a week, by making influenza and ARD milder and decreasing their duration by 1.4-2.8 days. Unified regimens for prophylactic use of arbidole in influenza and ARD in children and adults are proposed.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Interferon inductor larifan used parenterally was combined with herpetic vaccine to treat severe recurrent herpes in 32 patients. This combination therapy started at initiation of herpetic infection activation and resulted in amelioration of the clinical symptoms of the recurrence, a more favourable course of the disease due to stimulation of the interferon system and natural killer activity. In combination the above modalities proved more effective than in monotherapy.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Interferon inducers, dsRNA and poly (G) X poly (C) ( polyguacyl ), injected into mice intraperitoneally induced interferon formation, the maximal activity being equal to 640-1280 U/ml. Antiviral effect of the inducers was studied upon intraperitoneal and intracerebral injections. Both polyguacyl and dsRNA exerted a marked antiviral action against infection induced by murine encephalomyocarditis virus. The most powerful effect was attained when the inducers were injected 24 or 4 h before challenge. The protective action was produced by polyguacyl and dsRNA even after intracerebral infection. There is a good agreement between the interferon-inducing and antiviral activity of interferon inducers. The data obtained demonstrate the fitness of experimental encephalomyocarditis of mice for testing interferon inducers.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The influence of amyxin, the Russian oral analog of tilorone, on the human interferon and immune status has been evaluated. As revealed by this investigation the administration of amyxin has produced a rise in the content of serum interferon, an increase in the capacity of leukocytes and lymphocytes for synthesizing alpha- and gamma-interferon, the activation of NK and phagocytizing cells of peripheral blood. No essential influence of amyxin on the amount of B and T lymphocytes, their subpopulations and the levels of the main classes of immunoglobulins has been established.
Effect of gamma-L-glutamylhistamine gamma-L-Glu-HA and some of its derivatives on the state of nonspecific resistance and antiviral activity was studied using experimental models of influenza virus and herpes simplex virus infections. Activities of natural killer (NK) cells and interferon (IFN) system were measured. The model of physical-emotional stress in mice was used. It was shown that the gamma-L-Glu-HA derivative II can prevent totally or substantially a decrease in the NK activity. This agent also prevents inhibition of synthesis of alpha- and gamma-IFN during the post-stress period. The gamma-L-Glu-HA derivatives II, III, and VII increased the mice resistance to influenza virus type A/Aichi at low infection dose (10LD50). The derivative II showed its protective effect even at high dose of pathogen (100LD50). However, this gamma-L-Glu-HA derivative was virtually ineffective under harsh experimental conditions. Thus, a number of gamma-L-Glu-HA derivatives tested in this work demonstrated immunomodulation activity. These agents were able to normalize parameters of nonspecific immunity. They exerted a pronounced antiviral effect against influenza virus but were virtually ineffective against encephalitis in mice caused by herpes simplex virus, type 1. Of all tested agents, gamma-L-Glu-HA derivative II was found to be the most promising.
The interferon-inducing activity of dry birch bark extract containing betulin and its effect on hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced infection were studied in the cultured cells. All samples of the extract induced increased interferon (IFN) production when it was orally and intraperitoneally administered. The dose-dependence of the production of IFN showed a direct relation of the extract to interferon induction. There is strong evidence for that the extract can decrease the antigenic and infective activity of HCV in both in vitro experiments and HCV-induced infection in mice. The preventive effect of the extract was found in both the HCV-infected cell cultures and the HCV-infected mice.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
27 patients with relapsing and giant urticaria accompanied by multiple general respiratory viral infection and herpetism were studied during acute and remittent steps as compared with 13 healthy volunteers. 10 patients were treated with reaferon. Elevated rates of circulating interferon and interferon-dependent enzymes as well as a decreased ability of leukocytes and lymphocytes to produce alpha- and gamma-interferons were detected in these patients. Anomalous reactions of the interferon system were found in the patients with urticaria and general viral respiratory infection simultaneously with impairments of the immunity response: discorrelation between rates of interferon-dependent enzymes and circulating interferon. The course of interferon therapy within 5 days using recombinant alpha 2-interferon did not obviate these deteriorations, although activity of 2-5A synthetase tended to decrease down to the level observed in healthy persons.
The antiproliferative effect of clinically promising interferon inducers, phage f2 ambermutant dsRNA, polyguacyl, tiloron, Tash-4, was demonstrated in Raji lymphoblastoid cells. Concentrations of the inducers producing death of 48-66% of Raji cells were determined to be: for dsRNA, 200 micrograms/ml; polyguacyl, 400 micrograms/ml; tiloron, 100 micrograms/ml; Tash-4, 200 micrograms/ml, which corresponded to the antiproliferative effect of 200 units/ml of alpha-interferon and 40 units/ml of gamma-interferon. No antiproliferative effect was observed at dsRNA, polyguacyl, and Tash-4 concentrations below 100 micrograms/ml. None of the inducers exerted the antiproliferative effect on the selected concentrations on normal human diploid cells. The results obtained explain the antitumorigenic effect of these inducers, demonstrated previously.
The results of the study on the functional activity of natural killers (NK) and serum interferon in 118 children ranging in age from 3 months to 5 years suffering from influenza and other acute respiratory viral diseases complicated with croup, pneumonia, and obstructive syndrome (66 children with influenza, 21 with parainfluenza, 16 with adenovirus infection, and 15 with respiratory syncytial virus diseases) are presented. The control group consisted of 22 normal children. Decreased NK activity was demonstrated in the acute period of all ARVD but was more marked in adenovirus disease and complications with pneumonia, bronchiolitis, obstructive syndrome. While in hospital, children with low interferon titres developed a new acute viral disease more frequently or their principal disease was complicated with pneumonia. The detection of NK cell inhibition in some patients with ARVD complicated with pneumonia, bronchiolitis and decreased serum interferon levels in these patients are considered as indications for administration of immunotherapy (levamisole, zixorin, cathergen).
The national recombinant preparation of alpha 2-interferon (reaferon) after intramuscular inoculation in a daily dose of 3 X 10(6) units/ml to human volunteers was found in the blood serum within 1-2 hours. In 85% of the subjects given the preparation, a 2-8-fold rise in interferon titers in the blood serum and in 64% an increase in interferon leukocyte reaction (ILR) by the 5th day after the beginning of the treatment were observed. In the examined influenza patients given the preparation, interferon circulation in the blood serum, increased ILR and 2-5A synthetase enzyme levels were demonstrated. Tests for interferon of the blood sera of patients given reaferon by inhalation revealed no significant rise in its level, in contrast to cases with reaferon intramuscular injections. It is assumed that the immunomodulating effect of the preparation given by inhalation is mediated through the hypothalamus. Thus, parameters of the interferon system may be corrected by administration of reaferon.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The antitumor and immunomodulating effect of reaferon was demonstrated in Syrian hamsters bearing tumors induced by cells transformed by HSV-1 DNA (the EH/A-44 strain). The animals received a total of 5 X 10(3) IU/ml of reaferon. In combined use of a lysate of destroyed tumor cells (DTC) and reaferon the best results were obtained with regard to an increase in the latent period of tumor development, differences in the tumor size, and increase in the survival time of the experimental animals as compared with the control group. In 75% of the animals given DTC and reaferon no tumors were observed up to 113 days. The above data suggest that reaferon may be recommended for combined therapy in malignant diseases where the etiologic factors might be viruses of the herpes group.