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L A Pagliaro

Publications and source records attributed to L A Pagliaro.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

The phenomenon of abusable psychotropic use among North American youth.

Abusable psychotropic use can, and does, affect all North American youth, either directly or indirectly, regardless of age, gender, culture, ethnic background, education, race, or socioeconomic status. Over the last decade, the morbidity and mortality associated with abusable psychotropic use among youth have become staggering. A current overview of the phenomenon of abusable psychotropic use among youth in North America, including the use of alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, LSD, nicotine, and polyabusable psychotropic use, is presented with attention to the expanding role of clinical pharmacologists in relation to both prevention and treatment. The Mega Interactive Model of Abusable Psychotropic Use Among Youth is presented as a heuristic device to assist clinical pharmacologists, and other health care providers, in addressing the multifactorial interactive aspects of this complex phenomenon as observed in the pediatric age group. In this regard, attention is given to the interaction of the Abusable Psychotropic Dimension, including the Abusable Psychotropic Variables (e.g., pharmacokinetics, abuse potential) and Pattern of Use Variables (e.g., social use, abuse, compulsive use), with the Young Person, Societal, and Time Dimensions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Stability of aspartame in water: organic solvent mixtures with different dielectric constants.

In order to examine the influence of solvent composition on the stability of aspartame (N-alpha-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine-1-methyl ester) in solution (5 mg/mL), the degradation of aspartame was carried out in water:methanol, water:ethanol, and water:glycerine mixtures with dielectric constant values of 45, 55, and 65, respectively. The rate of disappearance of aspartame was measured by a sensitive HPLC assay. The degradation rate of aspartame increased as the dielectric constant of the solvent mixture decreased in all three solvents systems. For example, at 60 degrees C, the degradation rate constants were 4.1, 5.9, and 8.4 x 10(-3) h-1 at dielectric constant of 65, 55, and 45, respectively. From these results, it can be concluded that the stability of aspartame in aqueous solutions cannot be enhanced by the replacement of water by solvents of lower dielectric constant.

Aspartame↗
PubMed1981

A standard approach to compiling clinical pharmacokinetic data.

A standard format for a Clinical Pharmacokinetic Summary is proposed. It consists of a heading, tables, notes, and references for each drug reviewed. The table presents a unified and logical set of clinically useful population pharmacokinetic parameters. They concern four major areas: absorption, distribution, elimination, and the relationship of concentration to effect. Within each major group, parameters dealing with extents and rates of processes are given. Each such parameter is really two: a population mea value (for example, average volume of distribution) and the standard deviation of individual values about this mean. The first value allows individual predictions of dosage or drug level to be made; the second allows computation of the likely proximity of subsequently observed quantities to those predictions. The table presents single consensus values for each population parameter, rather than a list of values. A procedure for computing these consensus values, and for revising them in the light of new data, or reinterpreted old data, is given. Examples of Summaries are given. The method appears applicable to a variety of drugs. We suggest our approach as a standard one for preparing Clinical Pharmacokinetic Summaries, and urge our colleagues to consider it for that purpose.

Bibliographies as Topic↗