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Biomedical subjects

L A Riapis

Publications and source records attributed to L A Riapis.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Stages and results of Epidemiology Department activities].

The paper sums up the activities of Department of Epidemiology of Medical Prophylaxis Faculty, I. M. Setchenov Moscow Medical Academy, in the 70 years of its existence. The Department plays the leading role in training specialists for sanitary and epidemiological service of the country. The main research, training, and methodological works in this speciality were prepared by the Department staff members, who prepared curricula for pre- and postgraduate training. For many years the department has been the methodological center in epidemiology training. Trends of research at the Department are concentrated on the pressing problems of general and special epidemiology. Due to activities of the department staff, epidemiological aspects have been studied and fundamentals of prevention and liquidation of many infectious diseases in the country have been formulated: enteric and streptococcal infections, typhus, tularemia, diphtheria, etc. Problems of epidemiological geography, including nosogeography, territorial and republican epidemiology have been investigated. Functioning of parasitic systems and mechanisms of epidemic process in some infections have been characterized with due regard for modern theoretical, methodological, and organization base of epidemiology. The data were used for developing new basis and organization forms of epidemiological surveillance of infectious diseases.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1989

[A comparative analysis of the Salmonella typhi strains isolated from patients and bacterial carriers].

The comparative analysis of 133 S. typhi clinical strains isolated from patients and carriers in Dnepropetrovsk Province in 1978-1987 was carried out. As shown by this analysis, 10 Vi phage types were represented in the set of strains under study, phage types A and F1 being the most numerous ones. Phage type F1 occurred less frequently among the strains isolated from carriers. 31.1% of the strains were found to contain plasmids with different molecular weight ranging from 96 to 0.5 MD. The occurrence of plasmid-containing strains remained at the same level during the whole period under study. Low-molecular plasmids occurred more frequently in the strains isolated from carriers. The minimal suppressive concentrations of a number of antibiotics, such as penicillin, ampicillin, monomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, rifampicin and streptomycin, were determined. 7% of the strains were resistant to penicillin, 9% to monomycin, 15%--to tetracycline and 2.6% to chloramphenicol. The correlation between penicillin and monomycin resistance of the strains and the presence of the plasmid with a molecular weight of 60 MD in these strains was established. All strains were shown to be highly variable in the degree of their virulence: from 10(2) to 10(8). The strains isolated from patients possessed greater virulence.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1988

[Prospects of the use of chromosomal transformation for the identification of the causative agent melioidosis].

Prospects for the use of chromosomal transformation for the identification of Pseudomonas pseudomallei and some other medically important Pseudomonas species are considered. The method is simple, reproducible and highly specific. It permits the screening of a great number of cultures and can facilitate further study of the biology of P. pseudomallei and the epidemiology of melioidosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Use of transformation for the chromosome mapping of Pseudomonas pseudomallei].

The mapping of the chromosome sections in P. pseudomallei, responsible for the synthesis of histidine, has been carried out with the use of two- and three-factor crossing. Two new groups of marker linkage have been found: his 522 with ilv 658 and his 37 with asp 37 glu 37. The linkage of some of the existing histidine mutations with locus his 37 has been revealed and the relative position of the markers in this linkage group has been shown.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1976

[Methods of detecting the agent of melioidosis in objects of the external environment and other material].

On the basis of literature data and personal investigations the authors elaborated a scheme of detection of the causative agent of melioidosis in the objects of external environment, including fluorescent microscopy of crude material, seeding on meat-peptone agar with crystal violet, seeding material treated with penicillin on fluid medium with subsequent transfer on solid Levin medium and infection of animals, seeding on a medium with beta-alanine and neonmycin and infection of sensitive animals with crude material.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Comparative characteristics of the ultrastructure of the causative agents of glanders and melioidosis].

The authors examined the ultrastructure of the causative agents of glanders and melio idosis. It was revealed that the structure of their cell wall and of the cytoplasmic membrane was characteristic of Gram negative bacteria. The cytoplasm of both types of the causative agents showed the presence of ribosomes, membrane structure, nucleoid, and also osmiophilic and osmiophobic inclusions.

Actinobacillus↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The efficacy and outlook for the study of live vaccines for the prevention of melioidosis].

The effect of immunization with Burkholderia pseudomallei, (Pur- and Ts), heterologous vaccines and the recombinant culture of Francisella tularensis RM2, carrying a plasmid with fragments of B. pseudomallei chromosome, was studied on four species of experimental animals, essentially differing by their sensitivity to melioidosis. B. pseudomallei mutants formed the statistically significant level of protection in subcutaneously challenged animals, moderately sensitive to melioidosis, but were not effective when tested, under the same conditions, in animals, highly sensitive to melioidosis. The effect produced by the experimental vaccines under study in animals of all species, subjected to aerogenic challenge, was leveled. The study showed good prospects for the use of tularemia vaccine with a view to create heterologous immunity to melioidosis and the possibility of its use as the basis of bivalent gene engineering vaccine.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The classification of streptococci and human streptococcal diseases].

The modern nomenclature, phenotypic, medical, ecological and phylogenetic classification of streptococci and different classification of streptococcal human diseases are presented. All phylogenetic groups of streptococci have been shown to contain species causing diseases in man. The most medically significant groups are the phylogenetic groups Pyogenes and Mitis. Directions of the improvement of the classification of streptococci and streptococcal human diseases on the basis of modern concepts on the taxonomy of streptococci, the biological properties and ecology of the infective agents, as well as the genesis and clinical picture of diseases induced by them, have been determined.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The outlook for the development of live vaccines for the prevention of melioidosis].

The effectiveness of immunization with Burkholderia pseudomallei attenuated strains (Pur and Ts), heterologous vaccines and the recombinant culture of Francisella tularensis RM2 carrying a plasmid with fragments of B. pseudomallei chromosome was studied in four species of experimental animals, essentially differing in their sensitivity to melioidosis. The most immunogenic B. pseudomallei mutants, introduced subcutaneously, created a statistically significant level of protection in animals, moderately sensitive to melioidosis, but proved to be ineffective in highly sensitive animal models when tested under the same conditions. In aerogenic infection the effectiveness of the experimental vaccines under study in all species of the animals was on the same level. The study showed good prospects of using tularemia vaccine for inducing heterologous immunity to melioidosis, as well as the possibility of its use as the basis of a bivalent gene-engineering vaccine.

Animals↗