PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L A Smirnova

Publications and source records attributed to L A Smirnova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Currently available blood saving methods in a patient at cardiac surgery under extracorporeal circulation].

Different blood saving methods are analyzed in 2000 cardiac surgical patients undergoing coronary and vascular bypass surgery in 1993 to 2000. The basic blood saving methods are as follows: intraoperative autoreinfusion (normovolemic thermodilution), reinfusion of the patient's blood, preoperative autologous plasma donation in combination with aprotinine, aminocapronic acid, etc. An analysis revealed a decrease in homologous blood components intraoperatively. Red blood cell transfusion decreased from 100% in 1993 to 44% in 2000, fresh frozen plasma and platelet transfusions did from 98 to 39% and from 96 to 1%, respectively. Intraoperative homologous blood transfusion could be avoided in 70% of those undergone coronary bypass surgery.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMed2000

Peculiarities of behaviour of taiga (Ixodes persulcatus) and sheep (Ixodes ricinus) ticks (Acarina: Ixodidae) determined by different methods.

A comparison of the behavioural peculiarities of Ixodes persulcatus Schulze, 1930 (north-western population, Russia) and Ixodes ricinus (L., 1758) from western Russia and Denmark was determined by using two methods. Method 1 involved a sojourn of ticks on vertical plastic sticks and showed that the questing behaviour of I. ricinus nymphs was dependent on temperature and relative humidity (RH). A significantly greater number of nymphs quested at 22 degrees C and 100% RH than at 18 degrees C. When the humidity was reduced to 30% all of the nymphs departed. In the second method, the activity of ticks on an inclined "ticksdrome" was estimated. The activity of I. ricinus adults from the Danish population was 1.2 times greater than that of ticks from Russia. Females of the species studied and specimens from all study areas were more active than all other stages of development. The locomotor activity of both adult and immature I. ricinus that were infected with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was suppressed when compared with uninfected specimens. The locomotor activity of I. persulcatus females infected by borreliae with exoskeleton anomalies was 1.3 times greater (P<0.05) than that of infected ticks without anomalies. Our data showed that infected females with exoskeleton anomalies could crawl faster on a human and reach uncovered parts of the body that are vulnerable for attachment and feeding. A study of locomotor activity and questing behaviour may be useful for comparing the risk for different tick species and populations to transmit tick-borne pathogens.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Experience in the use of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in severe forms of aplastic anemia at the Byelorussian hematological center].

AIM: Investigation of the response to antilymphocytic globulin (ALG) and transplantation of allogenic bone marrow (TABM) in patients with a severe form of aplastic anemia (AA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 15 patients were treated for severe AA in 1995-1997. 8 patients of group 1 were given ALG/cyclophosphamide with subsequent TABM from HLA-identical sib donor. To prevent graft versus host reaction the patients took cyclosporin A (CSA) + prednisolone. Those who had no sib donor (7 patients) were treated with ALG/CSA (group 2). RESULTS: A complete remission at 7-30-month follow-up was observed in 6 patients of group 1. One patient died of infectious complications in rejection of the transplant and one patient died of acute graft versus host reaction. None of group 2 patients achieved the remission. One patient died of infectious complications. The others need continuous hemotransfusion therapy. CONCLUSION: In spite of high probability of early complications after TABM, TABM-subjected patients are more likely to achieve a complete remission and recurrence-free survival than those given immunosuppressive therapy alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[The system of hemostasis in experimental liver transplantation].

The status of haemostatic factors in 28 pigs after orthotopic liver transplantation was evaluated. The major changes took place in fibrinolytic system during the "non-liver" stage: rapid increase of fibrinolytic activity, plasmin activity, plasmin activator activity. From the moment of blood supply restoration to a transplanted liver the tendency to normalisation of fibrinolysis was detected. The deficiency of plasma haemostatic factors and platelets has increased during all the follow-up period and should be corrected in time. The following principles of corrective therapy are formulated: inhibition of fibrinolysis, correction of antithrombin-3 and blood clotting factors. Correction of haemostasis should be done in "pre-non-liver" period and later in "non-liver" reperfusion periods.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[The mental status characteristics of patients with peptic ulcer and chronic cholecystitis].

Mental status examinations (V. P. Zaĭtsev's clinical scale. MMPI test modified by F. B. Berezin et al.) were performed in 90 patients with duodenal ulcer (DU) and 142 patients with chronic acalculous cholecystitis (CAC). Mental changes were revealed in 93.3% and 86.6% of DU and CAC patients, respectively, in the disease aggravation. These changes persisted more continuously in CAC patients as they remained after the disease treatment unlike those in DU. Therefore, mental status of CAC patients needs correction.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[An experimental study of biomaterials resistant to calcinosis and thrombosis].

Creation of hemocompatible materials resistant to calcinosis for plastic cardiosurgery call for employment of combined methods of their evaluation in experiment. The present study deals with some biochemical and physico-chemical aspects of biomaterial calcification inhibition on reduction of their porosity by means of N-vinylpyrrolidone, and also on immobilization of diphosphonates, phosphonates, and anti-aggregants. The method of radiation copolymerization was employed for immobilization of active agents. The effects of different biotissue specimens of varying modifications (pig aortal valves and cattle pericardium) and of Lavsan (polyethyleneterephthalate) on coagulation factor activation were studied in vivo (in goat) and in vitro. The specimen surface was inspected prior to and after the contact with blood and plasma using the techniques of scanning electron microscopy and photoelectron spectroscopy. The influence of the modifications on the calcium and phosphorus accumulation were studied after subcutaneous implantation of the specimens to rats, and the aggregating capacity of blood platelets was determined in incubation of Lavsan treated with an anti-aggregant. Combined studies revealed the optimal modification routine and the most active agents enabling one to obtain biomaterials that not only are resistant to calcification but also possess good hemocompatibility.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed1990

[Expression of A, B, and H antigens on erythrocytes of patients with leukemia].

The level of ABO(H) antigen expression was estimated on erythrocytes isolated from the peripheral blood of 94 leukemia patients. The control group included 1014 blood donors. It was found that the level of H antigen expression was lowered in all forms of leukemia, while the levels of A and B antigen expression were unchanged. It has been suggested that the lowering of H antigen expression level is a pathogenetic sign of the leukemic process, and its value could be used for the control of the disease course character.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1990

[The blood coagulation system after autologous blood transfusion following aortocoronary shunt].

Fibrinolysis factors were examined in 112 patients operated on for coronary heart disease. After artificial circulation was over,auto- logous blood + was collected in a cardiotomic reservoir and reinfused to the patient. The collected autologous blood was characterized by a manifest fibrinolytic potential, but already in 18-20 hrs after transfusion these changes were undetectable; no enhanced bleeding was observed after surgery. Use of autologous blood helps reduce the necessary amounts of donor blood.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Use of polyfepan in the treatment of suppurative wounds].

An analysis of application of medical lignin (polyfepan) in treatment of purulent wounds of different etiology in 60 patients is presented. Good clinical effects of polyfepan in treatment of purulent wounds allow putting secondary sutures or approximating the wound margins at earlier terms. It gives no complications, is well endurable by the patients and easy in use. All these qualities allow polyfepan to be recommended for the local treatment of purulent wounds as a sorbent.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1989

[Organization of phthisiological and pulmonological services at industrial plants].

In relevant tuberculosis incidence there are no favourable tendencies which are due to incomplete inclusion of the workers into prophylactic examinations for tuberculosis, irregular fluorographic examinations, concomitant diseases and heavy alcohol drinking. High incidence of tuberculosis was observed among persons in the prime of their life, mainly males and experienced workers. High efficiency control of tuberculosis resulted in lower tuberculosis incidence with temporary invalidity as to the cases and days per 100 workers. The present incidence of chronic nonspecific diseases of the lungs with temporary invalidity requires organization of hospital care for pulmonological patients at the medical and sanitary departments of the plants.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[The results of state trials of inactivated influenza vaccines for children].

Controlled epidemiological surveillance covering the total number of 13,355 schoolchildren aged 11-14 years and adolescents was carried out with a view to compare the efficacies of inactivated influenza vaccines. The children were immunized intradermally in a single injection with inactivated influenza vaccines containing A (H3N2) and A (H1N1) hemagglutinins, 3.5 micrograms per 0.2 ml of the preparation each. The studies demonstrated the safety and low reactogenicity of these vaccines, as well as their high antigenic potency. In 1984 during mixed influenza B + A (H1N1) epidemic the preparations produced a pronounced prophylactic effect: the efficacy indices were 1.6-1.9 (p less than 0.001). The results obtained in these studies made it possible to recommend two inactivated influenza vaccines (chromatographic and centrifugal) for practical medicine with the aim of protecting children aged 11 years and over from influenza.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Adsorbed influenza chemical vaccine in the immunization of schoolchildren].

When used for the immunization of healthy children aged 7-14 year, adsorbed chemical influenza vaccine produced at the Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera in Ufa has proved to be safe, faintly reactogenic and antigenically very potent. The optimum doses for immunizing children aged 7-10 and 11-14 years have been selected.

Adolescent↗