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Biomedical subjects

L A Tiunov

Publications and source records attributed to L A Tiunov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[The toxicological problems of disaster medicine in the Navy Fleet].

From position of the uniform concept of the accident medicine the problems of toxicological supply of the ships of MNF are considered. Peculiarities of chemical accidents in the ship conditions are marked. The question about principles of harmful chemical substances regulating, forming air environment of ship living quarters is discussed. The prospects of practical use of antidotal means, intended for protection of personnel from toxic action of carbon dioxide and chemical combinations, causing development of toxic edema of lungs are given.

Accidents↗
PubMed1995

[Mechanisms of natural detoxication and antioxidant protection].

This paper considers the mechanisms of energy-dependent and synchronized detoxication and antioxidative defense (AOD) when synchronized detoxication and antioxidative defense (AOD) when the body is exposed to chemicals. It emphasizes the role of glutathione as a binder of this system involving in the regulation of this activity. It also discusses the mechanisms that define the reliability and efficiency of detoxication and AOD. The paper discusses whether the body's resistance to technogenic toxicants can be enhanced by using metabolic precursors of glutathione and other natural and (or) synthetic agents activating natural detoxication and AOD.

Aging↗
PubMed1991

[The prediction of the toxic effect of chemical substances].

On the basis of general conception of the toxicity mechanism of chemical substances the authors worked out a conceptual and mathematical model of intoxication within a range from subtle effects and up to lethal cases. The tests of this model were made on the basis of carbon oxide action. The model gives the possibility to elaborate practical methods for prognostication and realization of health service measures in case of large-scale chemical catastrophes.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1991

[Problems of molecular toxicology].

The author examined some problems of molecular toxicology, which are associated with those of detoxification and biotransformation of xenobiotics. Detoxification represents the united synchronously functioning system involving microsomal monooxygenases, conjugation enzymes, and antiradical and antiperoxide defense. Reduced glutathione is a connective and, to a certain extent, controlling factor of the function of the system. The reliability of the detoxification system is discussed, in this connection, the probability nature of modes of xenobiotic biotransformation, feasibilities of their "toxifications", manifestation of nephrotoxicity are stressed. The efficiency of detoxification is assumed to be due to the intensity of exposure to a chemical. The prospects of investigations are defined for developing the informative criteria of toxicity and new ways of searching for drugs intended for the prevention and treatment of intoxications.

Biotransformation↗
PubMed1989

[Tetraphenylporphyrin-Sn4+ induction of cytochrome P-450].

TPP-Sn4+ was administered intraperitoneally (25 mg/kg body weight). The study was performed for 1-30 days. A day after administration the increase in the hemoprotein level 1.4 times was observed, as well as an increase in the level of p-hydroxylation of aniline. On 7-14 days the greatest increase in cytochrome P-450 content was observed. To clarity the mechanism of TPP-Sn4+ effect on cytochrome P-450, we studied its effect on the activity of heme oxygenase and LP rate. This compound is an inhibitor of heme oxygenase activity and reduces the rate of LP in the microsomes which regulates porphyrin metabolism in the organism.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Oxidative phosphorylation and lipid peroxidation of the liver mitochondria in rats after acute benzene poisoning].

The study revealed that after benzene-induced intoxication (CI50) there occurred low-energetic and energetic phase shifts in rats' liver mitochondria. The content of lipid peroxidation products of the above organellas varied analogously. The time following intoxication being longer, higher were the general level of liver mitochondria energetic activity and the content of lipid peroxidation products. The highest level was recorded on the 3d day after benzen-induced intoxication. On the 16th day complete recovery of liver mitochondria was not recorded.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Multicomponent detoxifying system in albino rat liver].

Experiments on white rats were made to study the system of xenobiotic detoxifying. The measurements were taken of the content of cytochromes P-450 and b5, of the activity of NADP X H- and NAD X H-dependent monoxygenases, of the levels of microsomal albumin, thiol groups, and of the mass index of the liver in intact animals and in those injected with phenobarbital and SKF-525A. The most informative indicators determining the detoxifying system functioning were identified by factor analysis. Correlations were also established between components of the system. It turned out that transformation of the correlations in question was the result of phenobarbital and SKF-525A injection. The authors discuss the importance of the character and degree of this transformation for evaluation of the tension of the xenobiotic detoxifying system functioning and measures aimed at ensuring its reliability under the effect of harmful environmental factors.

Animals↗