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Biomedical subjects

L A Weisberg

Publications and source records attributed to L A Weisberg.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Computerized tomography in intracranial hemorrhage.

Three hundred patients with intracranial hemorrhage were studied by computerized tomography (CT). Thalamic-ganglionic hematoma was found in 232; the mortality increased from 25% to 70% if ventricular extension occurred in this group. Lobar hematoma occurred in 45 of these patients, with a mortality of 20%, which was not influenced by ventricular extension. Seven had intraventricular bleeding only; of these, two died. In 12 patients with CT evidence of cisternal blood, angiography demonstrated aneurysms; the location of the blood predicted the location of the aneurysm in six. Multiple spontaneous intracerebral hematomas (ICHs) were visualized by CT in five patients. In 29 of 146 cases of ICH, postcontrast study showed enhancement; in 15, this was consistent with neoplasm, angioma, or aneurysm. In 14 with spontaneous ICH, ring enhancement occurred ten days to six weeks following hemorrhage.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Computerized tomography in intracranial metastases.

Two-hundred consecutive patients with suspected metastatic carcinoma and signs of cerebral dysfunction were evaluated by computerized tomography (CT). In ten patients, CT defined a nonneoplastic disorder, whereas in 190, CT defined a metastatic neoplasm. In 70 of these patients, the lesion was solitary; in 120, the lesions were multiple. In 52 patients, plain scan showed a solitary lesion, but multiple lesions were seen after contrast scan. In nine patients, the abnormality was seen only on postcontrast scan. One hundred lesions were of low density and 87 showed enhancement; 81 were of high density, usually surrounded by a low-density rim, and 78 were enhanced. There were no characteristic CT patterns of specific systemic carcinomas, but epidermoid carcinoma frequently appeared as a low-density lesion with a thin peripheral enhancing rim, and adenocarcinoma appeared as a dense, homogeneous, round, enhancing nodule. After treatment, enhancement was the most reliable sign of residual or recurrent tumor.

Brain↗
PubMed1979

CT and acute head trauma.

The value of CT in the management of 500 patients with head trauma is described. In these cases CT defined the effect of edema, contusion, subdural or epidural hematoma, or hydrocephalus.

Brain Concussion↗
PubMed1979

Computed tomography in the diagnosis of intracranial meningioma.

The CT findings in 53 meningiomas are reported. Based upon the plain and post-contrast CT pattern and density characteristics, the diagnosis of meningioma was accurately predicted in 28 of 35 convexity, parasagittal, subfrontal, middle fossa and sphenoid wing lesions (80%). In 2 calcified nonenhancing meningioma, the diagnosis was suspected by CT findings. CT was extremely accurate in detecting 16 juxtasellar, intraventricular, tentorial and posterior fossa meningiomas, but the CT pattern was less specific such that differentiation from other neoplastic or vascular lesions was not always possible. There were only 2 false negative cases; these occurred when contrast infusion had not been performed.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Computed tomography in the diagnosis of brain stem gliomas.

Twenty patients with brain stem gliomas were diagnosed by CT. The diagnosis was established on the basis of characteristic appearance, density pattern and mass effect. Differentiation from brain stem metastasis or angioma is frequently possible based on CT findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Computed tomography and pure motor hemiparesis.

Computed tomography (CT) was abnormal in 75% of 33 patients with pure motor hemiparesis (PMH). In 13 cases, lesions were detected in the capsular region; 10 were consistent with infarction, and 3 were of increased density consistent with hemorrhage. Seven had other vascular disorders, and four had nonvascular conditions. Of 20 patients with PMH with normal electroencephalogram (EEG), isotope scan, and cerebrospinal fluid, 11 had CT evidence of a lesion in the internal capsule-corona radiata region. In patients with PMH with normal CT, recovery was more complete and rapid than in those with CT evidence of a vascular lesion. In 5 cases, CT showed a capsular lesion, although the patients had never had any neurologic deficit.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Computed tomography in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Among 50 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) from aneurysm, computed tomography (CT) demonstrated evidence of bleeding in 28. In 12 cases, the location and configuration of the high-density blood cast visualized by CT was characteristic and predicted the site of the ruptured aneurysm. CT was reliable in identifying infarction, edema, localized hematoma, hydrocephalus, or rebleeding in patients with SAH and neurologic abnormalities. In four cases, the plain and contrast CT suggested a large intracranial aneurysm. These findings did not permit definitive diagnosis or precise anatomic detail of angiographically defined aneurysms less than 2.0 cm in size.

Brain Edema↗
PubMed1979

Computed tomography in the diagnosis of intracranial disease.

The introduction of computed tomography has revolutionized neurodiagnosis. This diagnostic procedure makes it possible to define intracranial anatomy by visualizing structures of different radiodensities. Computed tomography may detect and define the underlying pathologic processes more directly than is possible with other diagnostic procedures and has reduced the need for invasive contrast procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Pseudotumor cerebri of childhood.

In a study of 38 children with pseudotumor cerebri, the evaluation of the response to treatment received special emphasis. Sixteen children underwent spontaneous remission following diagnosis, or improved following sequential lumbar punctures. Sixteen other children were treated with corticosteroids. Of this group, four children who failed to respond to repeated lumbar punctures prior to the initiation of corticosteroid therapy, had their subsequent course on varying doses of steroids charted clinically and by frequent measurement of the CSF pressure. An Inverse relationship of steroid dosage to CSF pressure was documented, as was the children's dependence on corticosteroid therapy for continued remission as the pseudotumor cerebri ran its course. In twelve other children, treatment with corticosteroids may have been effective. Two children had neurosurgical procedures. Permanent visual deficit did not occur in any child.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Pituitary apoplexy. Association of degenerative change in pituitary ademona with radiotherapy and detection by cerebral computed tomography.

In 14 of 300 patients with pituitary adenoma, apoplexy developed with pathologic evidence of hemorrhagic necrosis and cystic change in the tumor. In five patients, apoplexy was the initial manifestation; in eight patients, it was associated with radiotherapy. In 12 other patients with pituitary tumors, sudden clinical deterioration occurred; they had predominantly cystic tumors with minor foci of hemorrhagic necrosis. In five patients, this was associated with radiotherapy. Degenerative hemorrhagic, necrotic and cystic changes occur frequently in pituitary tumors and radiation may be potentially dangerous in these cases. To avoid precipitating episodes of sudded visual and neurologic deterioration, prior aspiration and biopsy may be performed through transphenoidal approach in those with intrasellar tumors, whereas in those with extrasellar tumors, cerebral computed tomographic scan may define pathologic features of the pituitary adenoma.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1977

Intracranial tumors simulating the presentation of cerebrovascular syndromes. Early detection with cerebral computed tomography (CCT).

One hundred thirty consecutive patients in whom the initial diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease was made on clinical basis were evaluated by cerebral computed tomographic (CCT) scan. Three of 20 patients with transient ischemic attacks were found to have an abnormality on CCT scan. Of 30 patients with an initial diagnosis of stroke-in-evolution, 13 were found to have a clinically unsuspected lesion by CCT scan. Of 60 patients with completed stroke, CCT scan made possible differentiation of intracerebral hematoma, hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic infarction, and excluded intracranial tumors. Of 20 patients believed to have symptoms of cerebral arteriosclerosis, six had nonvascular lesions and eight had a cerebral atrophic process. This study demonstrates the efficacy of this safe and noninvasive procedure in evaluating patients with cerebrovascular disease.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1977

Obstructive hydrocephalus as a cause of hypopituitarism.

Two patients in whom the signs and symptoms of intracranial hypertension resolved after surgical correction of hydrocephalus are described. In both instances skull roentgenograms showed an abnormal sella turcica, and an arteriogram and sir study were necessary to prevent misdiagnosis as "pseudotumor cerebri." Evidence of clinical endocrine dysfunction is an early sign of pituitary tumors, but hypopituitarism may also occur in patients with extrasellar processes, including hydrocephalus and intracranial hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Diagnosis and evaluation of patients with an enlarged sella turcica.

A prospective analysis of the roentgenographic and laboratory parameters in 100 patients with an enlarged sella turcica was made. Seventy-five patients had no visual symptoms: 27 had primary intrasellar tumor; 25 had the empty sella syndrome: 13 had an extrasellar process; and in 10, no final diagnosis was made because air study was omitted. However, these patients remained asymptomatic for up to three years. Eighteen of the patients with a primary intrasellar tumor had symptomatic pituitary dysfunction; nine were asymptomatic. Five of 14 patients studied had elevated plasmaproa prolactin levels. of the 25 patients with the empty sella syndrome and the 10 patients in whom no final diagnosis was made, none had any clinical endocrine or visual abnormalities, although in 10 of these 35 patients, results of laboratory studies were compatible with pituitary dysfunction. In these cases, air study was necessary to differentiate a clinically silent pituitary tumor from the empty sella syndrome. This emphasizes the high incidence of the empty sella syndrome in patients with enlarged sella, and also confirms the high incidence of hyperprolactinemia in patients with pituitary tumors.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1975

Moebius syndrome in Kallmann syndrome.

A girl born with congenital paresis of cranial nerves III, IV, and VII (Moeblus syndrome) subsequently developed a progressive peripheral neuropathy. There was suggestive evidence of a familial neuropathy with autosomal dominant inheritance in three family members. The patient also had hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and anosmia (Kallmann syndrome).

Abducens Nerve↗