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Biomedical subjects

L Ackerman

Publications and source records attributed to L Ackerman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

numb, a gene required in determination of cell fate during sensory organ formation in Drosophila embryos.

Neurons and support cells of each sensory organ in Drosophila embryos are most likely derived from a single precursor cell. This cell lineage is affected in numb mutants. Morphological alterations of sensory structures, as well as changes in the number of cells expressing cell type-specific markers, indicate that sensory neurons in numb mutant embryos are transformed into lineage-related nonneuronal support cells. Thus the numb gene controls the fate of progeny derived from sensory organ precursors. The numb gene has been isolated by the plasmid rescue method. The structure of its predicted product is discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Searching for pattern and mutation in the Drosophila genome with a P-lacZ vector.

A P-element vector has been constructed and used to generate lines of flies with single autosomal P-element insertions. The lines were analyzed in two ways: (1) the identification of cis-acting patterning information within the Drosophila genome, as revealed by a lacZ reporter gene within the P element, and (2) the isolation of lethal mutations. We examined 3768 independent lines for the expression of lacZ in embryos and looked among these lines for lethal mutations affecting embryonic neurogenesis. This type of screen appears to be an effective way to find new loci that may play a role in the development of the Drosophila nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Identification and characterization of a neuron-specific nuclear antigen in Drosophila.

An antigen found only in neuronal nuclei of Drosophila melanogaster is revealed by staining with a monoclonal antibody (Mab44C11). This antigen appears early in development, before neurons show any other signs of antigenic or morphologic differentiation, and persists throughout development. This nuclear staining permits reliable detection of neurons in developmental studies of wild-type and mutant flies. Protein immunoblot analyses and immune precipitation experiments show that the neuronal nuclear antigen is a 50-kilodalton polypeptide.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Positive iodine-131 6 beta-iodomethyl-19-norcholesterol (NP-59) adrenal images can precede return of adrenocortical function after o,p' DDD treatment.

A patient with bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, due to the ectopic adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) syndrome, received a 3-month course of treatment with 1,1 dichloro-2(o-chlorophenyl)-2-(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (o,p' DDD), which caused adrenal hypofunction requiring steroid therapy. Eleven months later, Cushing's syndrome recurred. His CT scan showed a left adrenal gland that was enlarged and a normal-sized right adrenal gland. However, the NP-59 image showed increased uptake by both glands. Venous effluent was sampled from each adrenal vein. The plasma cortisol level from the left gland was 1392 ng/ml, and that from the right gland was 667 ng/ml. The latter value was not significantly different from the values obtained at peripheral sites (517-744 ng/ml). In the course of recovery from o,p' DDD damage, the ability of the adrenal gland to take up NP-59 may be restored before the return of its biosynthetic and secretory functions. Serial NP-59 adrenal images can anticipate the recurrence of Cushing's syndrome after adrenolytic therapy, thereby permitting early retreatment.

19-Iodocholesterol↗
PubMed1988

Identification of a component of Drosophila polar granules.

Information necessary for the formation of pole cells, precursors of the germ line, is provided maternally and localized to the posterior pole of the Drosophila egg. The maternal origin and posterior localization of polar granules suggest that they may be associated with pole cell determinants. We have generated an antibody (Mab46F11) against polar granules. In oocytes and early embryos, the Mab46F11 antigen is sharply localized to the posterior embryonic pole. In pole cells, it becomes associated with nuclear bodies within, and nuage around, the nucleus. Immunoreactivity remains associated with cells of the germ line throughout the life cycle of both males and females. This antibody recognizes a 72-74 X 10(3) Mr protein and is useful both as a pole lineage marker and in biochemical studies of polar granules.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma metastatic to the thyroid gland.

Despite frequent cancer metastases to the thyroid gland demonstrated at autopsy, finding of thyroid metastasis in clinical practice is rare. Malignancies most commonly metastasizing to the thyroid are malignant melanoma and carcinoma of the breast, kidney, and lung. Very little is known about thyroid metastases caused by sarcomas. Of these, malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is one of the most common in adults, with a high rate of metastases. A case of clinically significant thyroid metastasis from primary MFH involving the thigh visualized on I-123 thyroid imaging is reported.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1986

Effect of acute postinfusion lipemia and free fatty acids on myocardial contractility: assessment with radionuclide ventriculography.

Equilibrium gated radionuclide ventriculography was used to evaluate the effect of intravenous fat-emulsion overload and excess of free fatty acids (FFA) on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in 20 patients with and without coronary artery disease (CAD). Fifteen of these patients had normal (greater than 50%) baseline LVEF and 5 had low (less than 50%) baseline LVEF. From 100 to 150 ml of 20% artificial fat emulsion (Liposyn) was infused over 20-25 min. At the end of the infusion, triglyceridemia reached 820 +/- 220 mg% and left ventricular ejection fraction decreased from baseline 62 +/- 19% (mean +/- SD) to 58 +/- 16% (P less than 0.05, paired t-test). After completion of Liposyn infusion, 5,000 U of heparin was administered intravenously and monitoring of LVEF was continued. One and one-half hours following heparin administration, plasma FFA levels reached 3.7 + 2.0 mmol/l and LVEF rose to 69 +/- 19% (P less than 0.001, paired t-test). Our data indicate that acute intravenous fat overload can suppress and high pathophysiologic levels of FFA can increase LVEF. This effect is more uniform and statistically more reliable in patients with normal LVEF. The study failed to demonstrate any significant difference in the effect of this pharmacologic intervention between patients with and without CAD.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Toward automated image analysis: future possibilities in historical perspective.

This field is in its infancy. Some people look at artificial intelligence and just call it complex programming, but artificial intelligence is now being applied to image understanding and attempts to utilize knowledge about the domain of the image to analyze it. The practicality of this approach is a long way off, however, and the radiologist of today does not need to fear that computers will change the work habits of image interpretation for some time to come.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1985

The effects of acute hypertriglyceridemia and high levels of free fatty acids on left ventricular function.

The effects of acute hypertriglyceridemia and of high levels of free fatty acids on the left ventricular ejection fraction were studied by radionuclide ventriculography in 20 subjects with and without coronary artery disease. An infusion of approximately 125 ml of a 20% fat emulsion over 25 minutes resulted in an increase of plasma triglycerides to the mean of 820 mg/dl and a fall of the left ventricular ejection fraction from the baseline mean of 62% to 58% (p less than 0.05). Ninety minutes after the intravenous administration of 5000 units of heparin, plasma free fatty acids rose to the mean of 4.6 mmol/L and the mean left ventricular ejection fraction increased to 69% (p less than 0.001). The observed changes in blood lipids were not associated with clinical or ECG evidence of myocardial ischemia. We conclude that acute hypertriglyceridemia causes slight depression of left ventricular performance, while high levels of free fatty acids augment it. However, neither hypertriglyceridemia per se nor its rapid conversion to free fatty acids are likely to cause angina in stable patients with coronary artery disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Doughnut sign on bone scintigraphy in angioblastic meningioma.

Bone imaging was performed in a patient with a rapidly expanding parietal bone lesion. The findings on the nuclear medicine study showed a doughnut type lesion. The underlying abnormality was found to be an angioblastic meningioma causing local bone destruction.

Diphosphonates↗
PubMed1984

Evolution to eosinophilic leukemia with a t(5:11) translocation in a patient with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome.

The idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) comprises a diverse group of diseases that may ultimately lead to multiorgan dysfunction and death. We present a case of a man who was followed for over 9 years with HES that underwent malignant transformation to acute leukemia with eosinophilic features. The patient's clinical acceleration was accompanied by the development of a malignant clone that was identified with banding techniques as 46,XY,t(5:11)(p15;q13). Electron microscopy reaffirmed findings reported in earlier cases of eosinophilic leukemia. At no time during his illness were cytotoxic drugs administered. In addition to delineating the natural evolution and cytostructural details of the case, we emphasize the role of cytogenetics in the predicting of malignant variants of the hypereosinophilic syndrome and in identifying eosinophilic leukemia.

Aged↗