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Biomedical subjects

L Adinolfi

Publications and source records attributed to L Adinolfi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Effect of pretreatment with bacterial endotoxin on erythromycin estolate-induced cholestasis].

The effect of acute and chronic endotoxin (LPS) treatment on the erythromycin estolate (EE) induced cholestasis, was studied using the isolated perfused rat liver. Addition of EE markedly reduced bile and perfusate flows in livers from control rats but did not alter these parameters in livers from endotoxin pretreated rats or in vitro treated with LPS. We suggest that changes in membrane organization induced by LPS may alter the diplay of EE toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Effect of levamisole on changes in the of hepatic RES induced by chronic ethanol poisoning].

Hepatic RES is depressed in chronic alcholic intoxication and we have previously observed a significant reduction of killing of E.coli by the Kupffer cells of the isolated rat liver. In the present study rats treated with ethanol for 3 weeks, were given levamisole and then the clearance of E. coli, by the isolated liver, was followed. Levamisole 10mg/kg i.p. for 3 days, restored the depression of intracellular killing induced by ethanol. At the dosage of 2,5 mg/kg of levamisole this effect was not present. Changes of humoral factors were not involved in the phenomenon because sera from untreated anaimals were present in the perfusate for all sets of experiments.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Endotoxin protects against chlorpromazine-induced cholestasis in the isolated perfused rat liver.

Induction of endotoxin tolerance or acute chlorpromazine treatment caused a decrease in bile and perfusate flow in the isolated perfused rat liver. The primary effects of each appeared to be on the bile acid-independent fraction of bile. Both the induction of endotoxin tolerance and the in vitro treatment of the perfused rat liver with endotoxin partially blocked the adverse effects of chlorpromazine on bile formation and perfusate flow. Although the "protective" effects of the in vitro endotoxin treatment were dose-dependent, the protection afforded by endotoxin tolerance was greater. Preincubation of isolated hepatocytes with endotoxin, before the addition of chlorpromazine, caused dose-dependent reductions in the chlorpromazine-induced release of aspartate transaminase. However, neither the incubation of endotoxin with chlorpromazine, before addition of membranes isolated from control rats, nor isolation of membranes from endotoxin-tolerant rats affected the inhibitory effects of chlorpromazine on sodium, potassium-, or magnesium-activated adenosine triphosphatase. If endotoxin exerts its protective effects at the membrane level, these data suggest that endotoxin is able to protect the intact, but not the isolated, hepatocyte membrane or that inhibition of adenosine triphosphatases by chlorpromazine is not important in the adverse effects of chlorpromazine on the perfused rat liver and isolated rat hepatocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Arrhythmia control by cardiac stimulation.

Cardiac programmed stimulation in the control of tachyarrhythmias offers encouraging prospectives. We describe two devices which utilize radiofrequency as a means of synchronization and stimulation and can be triggered by the patient himself when tachycardia occurs. In addition we introduce a third anti-tachycardia device, completely automatic, which can be used in cardiologic departments. The first device described permits critical stimulation and can be programmed to deliver a single or double synchronized impulse. The second device, which utilizes the same implanted unit and electrode as used for critical stimulation, when activated searches the tachycardia interruption zone by scanning. The third device, based on the same principles, has a rate discriminator that activates the scanning stimulation. We treated 12 patients: 8 suffering from paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (4 with Wolff--Parkinson--White syndrome, 2 with intranodal reentry, 2 with brady--tachy syndrome); 2 patients with ventricular recurrent tachycardia; 1 with atrial flutter; and another with iterative junctional tachycardia. The follow-up varied for every patient from 6 yr to 3 mth.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1981

[Long-term electrical stimulation of tachycardias: control by ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring (author's transl)].

The Authors suggest a new method, elaborated by their own, for long-term antiarrhythmic stimulation. They used ambulatory electrocardiography in order to evaluate the results. It consists of a radio frequency device for synchronization and stimulation, and allows the scanning stimulation of all the cycle of tachycardia, with automatic search for the zone of interruption. The stimulatory is carried by the patient, who must set it in motion at the onset of the tachycardia. Preliminary results show the efficacy of the method; Holter monitoring seems to be the best guide to the development of a satisfactory implantable automatic tachycardia-terminating pacemaker.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1980

[Alterations in liver function produced by erythromycin estolate in isolated and perfused rat liver].

Erythromycin estolate (EE) added to perfusing medium of isolated rat liver caused a dose-dependent decrease of both perfusate and bile flows. Biliary bile acid analysis showed that EE decreased both bile acid excretion rate and concentration. This suggests that EE interferes with the formation of bile acid dependent fraction of bile. EE is known to cause, in some individuals a reversible cholestatic hepatic injury. Our data if applicable to clinical setting indicate that an intrinsic toxicity of EE may contribute to the development of hepatic damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Chronic copper toxicity of the liver in rat: preliminary observations].

Chronic copper administration to rats (0,125% Cu acetate in drinking water for 1 month) produced no liver necrosis as assessed by SGOT release and liver histology. However when the liver was isolated from Cu++ treated animals and in vitro perfused, bile flow and BSP excretion were significantly reduced respect to controls. Our data suggest that accumulation of copper in the hepatocytes may cause a functional liver impairment before overt structural damage become evident.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Automatic "scanning" by radiofrequency in the long-term electrical treatment of arrhythmias.

The use of programmed electrical stimulation in the long term treatment of re-entry tachycardia offers encouraging perspectives. Among the others proposed, the "scanning" system seems to be the most effective. However, an implantable stimulator with these features is not yet available and, thus, a temporary external lead is required. These difficulties have been overcome by utilizing radiofrequency to synchronize and stimulate. An implantable device was therefore designed which is triggered by the patient and automatically searches the interruption zone of the tachycardia by exploring the R-R cycle. The external transmitter, which can produce one or two synchronized impulses, is programmed to scan the R-R cycle with progressive steps of 5 or 10 ms; when tachycardia is interrupted, further stimulation is inhibited. The implanted module connected to an endocavitary lead does not have any power supply and, therefore, is very small. The efficacy of this method has been demonstrated in 4 patients with supraventricular tachycardia (3 with WPW syndrome) resistant to conventional pharmacologic therapy.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1979

[Short-term and average-term automatic control of re-entry arrhythmias].

The AA. described an external stimulator to be utilized instead of invasive pharmacological treatment, as a short and middle-time therapeutic approach to re-entry tachycardia, in Departments of cardiology. The device must be connected with an electrode placed in atrium or in coronary sinus or in ventricle, according to individual request. A frequency discriminant device recognizes tachycardia and activates automatic scanning stimulator, synchronized on R or P waves, with progressive 5 msec stop delay; tachycardia interruption zone is automatically individuated. Stimulation has an automatic stop when tachycardia is interrupted; in case of persistent tachycardia scanning-function cycle will star again automatically. The device, which can be programmed for a simple or a double impulse emission, is equipped with a demand stimulator working if post-tachycardia asystole is present. Frequency discriminant device activates the scanning function beyond a defined threshold which can be varied within a wide range of frequencies.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1979

[Anti-arrhythmic effect of magnesium cations. Protection against ventricular excitability during cardiotonic therapy].

This study showed the effectiveness of magnesium sulphate during digitalis therapy complicated by ventricular hyperexcitability. 28 patients with cardiac disease and ventricular arrhythmias in heart failure were studied. Magnesium sulphate was given by slow intravenous infusion (30--50 mg/min) twice daily. The anti-arrhytmic action allowed treatment with digitalis until improvement in cardiac function was observed. The mechanism of the action of magnesium sulphate in digitalis--induced arrhythmias is discussed.

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents↗
PubMed1978

[The short PR syndrome: sino-atrial block with preservation of sino-nodal conduction].

From among the theories which have been advanced to explain the finding on ECG of a shorter than normal PR interval, in addition to the short circuit theory we should mention the explanation given by Condorelli before the first publication on the "short PR-normal QRS" syndrome appeared. While studying the mechanism of conduction of a stimulus in the atrial myocardium, he showed that a short PR may result from a conduction defect in the sino-atrial pathways, while sino-nodal conduction remains normal. In this report there is an example which supports the validity of Condorelli's hypothesis. It involves a female patient with mitral valve disease beginning to affect the tricuspid. Her rheumatic disease had just relapsed, and after this there was a long period of attacks of tachycardia with arrhythmia during the course of which the surface electrocardiogram showed a short PR and normal QRS. Electrophysiological investigations allowed us to interpret these findings in the light of Condorelli's hypothesis (sino-atrial block with normal sino-nodal conduction). This study suggests that it is useful to separate off those cases with a short PR and normal QRS to a clinical entity of their own, as this syndrome may have a different pathogenesis. Therefore, if there is no electrocardiographic evidence of an accessory pathway, far from indicating accelerated conduction, the short PR may be due to an isolated defect of conduction in the atrial myocardium, as Condorelli suggested. It is also correct that this author should be given credit for describing the first cases. To him also should go credit for first describing the short PR.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Stimulation with automatic radiofrequency scanning in the long term treatment of tachyarrythmias].

A pacemaker is described which uses radiofrequency signals for synchronisation and pacing, and seeks automatically the phase of the cycle at which the tachycardia may be interrupted. The patient himself can activate the pacemaker. The programme of the external transmitter, which scans nearly all the R-R cycles of the tachycardia, may be pre-set to transmit one or two synchronised stimuli, with a progressive delay of 5 or 10 ms. If the tachycardia is interrupted the pacing stops automatically. The implantable unit of the device may be connected to a normal endocardial electrode, has no batteries and is of small size and weight. The method has been used with success in 4 patients with reciprocal junctional tachycardia (3 of these patients had the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome), and in one case of chronic recurrent ventricular tachycardia. All of them were refractory to conventional therapy.

Cardiac Pacing, Artificial↗