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Biomedical subjects

L Aliaga

Publications and source records attributed to L Aliaga.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Mathematical analysis of epidural space location.

BACKGROUND: The location of epidural space for local anaesthetic injection can be difficult. The aim of this study was to define the mathematical function of the pressure changes in the syringe during puncture of the epidural space. Knowledge of pressure changes might be of help to the anesthetist who attempts to ascertain the location of the needle, and it is essential to the design of a device with which to locate epidural space. METHODS: Epidural punctures were performed in 20 patients, using an 18-Tuohy needle connected to a 10 ml syringe. The epidural space was located by the loss of resistance technique. Pressure variations within the injection system during epidural puncture were measured and digitized at 250 Hz. Pressure curves were analyzed for amplitude and rate of a decay after entry of the needle into the epidural space. RESULTS: Pressure increased as the needle passed through skin, subcutaneous fat and muscle. The maximal pressure was observed when the needle perforated the ligamentum flavum (689 +/- 124 cm H2O). When the needle entered the epidural space, an exponential decrease in pressure was observed in all patients (R2 = 0.99; tau = 2.1 +/- 0.9 seconds). End-residual pressure was 22 +/- 12 cm H2O. The change in pressure observed when the needle entered the epidural space fitted a negative exponential function (y = e-x/2.08). CONCLUSIONS: Pressures within the injection system for epidural puncture can reach 1100 cm H2O. Location of the epidural space is characterized by an exponential decay to and end-residual pressure below 50 cm H2O, with a constant time of approximately 2 seconds.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Analgesia of postoperative pain in ambulatory surgery].

Although the role of outpatient surgery has become increasingly important in the campaign to reduce waiting lists and health care costs, careful control and treatment of postoperative pain too often receives slight attention. Pain control after surgery must produce high quality analgesia without lengthening the hospital stay or increasing the risk of complications. The risk of side effects must be low, the safety margin wide and administration simple. Anesthesiologists must therefore take preventive measures as well as apply techniques during and after surgery that diminish the intensity of pain and the incidence of nausea or vomiting. Drugs that act in the short term and have few side effects, regional anesthesia (depending on type of operation), non-opioid analgesics and balanced analgesia seem to give good quality control of pain after outpatient surgery.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1994

Efficacy and tolerance of oral dipyrone versus oral morphine for cancer pain.

In a double-blind, randomised and parallel clinical trial, two oral doses of dipyrone (1 and 2 g) administered every 8 h were compared with 10 mg of oral morphine given every 4 h for the relief of chronic cancer pain. A total of 121 patients with cancer pain without gastric involvement participated in a 7-day treatment course and were allocated to receive either dipyrone 1 g (n = 41), dipyrone 2 g (n = 38) or morphine (n = 42). Drug efficacy was analysed according to the degree of pain relief using a 100-mm visual analogue scale, and the number of patients who decided to increase the dose of the analgesic drug on day 4. The analgesic effect of dipyrone, 2 g every 8 h, was similar to that of morphine. The efficacy of both schedules was significantly greater than that of dipyrone, 1 g every 8 h. Dipyrone at either 1 or 2 g doses tended to be better tolerated than morphine, although the differences were not statistically significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Apropos a case of primary meningococcal arthritis in an adult].

We present the case of a 52-years-old patient which was diagnosed of septic primary meningococcal arthritis, being acute arthritis the only form of presentation without any other manifestations of the meningococcal disease. We want to stress that despite the low frequency of this disease, especially in the adult, it must be taken into account for the assessment of acute mono-oligoarthritis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Chylous ascites secondary to a carcinoid tumor].

A 68-year-old male with abdominal swelling and wasting of one month's evolution had chylous ascites. The clinical study of the patient showed a retroperitoneal tumor and a distal jejunum and mesenterium affliction. There were metastatic nodules in peritoneum, epiploic appendix and malignant pleural effusion. The histological study showed a carcinoid tumor. Chylous ascites is an exceptional complication, and a bad prognosis factor of carcinoid tumor.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Renal hemodynamics and the renin-angiotensin system in cirrhosis.

The interrelationship between renal hemodynamics and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in 28 nonazotemic cirrhotic patients has been studied. Patients were divided into three groups: A) Patients without ascites nor edema; B) Patients with ascites and a relatively high sodium excretion (41.9 +/- 12.9 mmol/day); and C) Patients with ascites and very low sodium excretion (4.8 +/- 0.6 mmol/day). Renin and aldosterone levels significantly increased in group C. A significant correlation was observed between plasma aldosterone concentration and urinary sodium excretion, and between plasma renin activity and aldosterone levels. There were no significant differences in urine flow, glomerular filtration rate, effective renal plasma flow, or renal blood flow between the three groups of patients, in spite of marked differences in renin and aldosterone levels. Renal perfusion was not related to plasma renin activity either in the overall sample of patients or in the individual groups. These results show that factors other than total renal perfusion are involved in renin secretion in cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Scintigraphic demonstration of a diaphragmatic defect as the cause of massive hydrothorax in cirrhosis.

A 64-year-old man presented with a massive right-sided hydrothorax associated with cirrhosis of the liver. There was no clinical evidence of ascites nor other underlying disease. The usual complementary tests failed to demonstrate any causative abnormality. Chest and abdominal scintigraphy after intraperitoneal injection of 99mTc-human serum albumin disclosed early filling of the pleural space by the radiopharmaceutical and suggested a diaphragmatic defect as the cause for this rare association.

Diaphragm↗
PubMed1983

[Acute Q fever. Description of a case].

In this paper is reported a case of Q fever which followed a clinical course with a syndrome of self-limited fever. Being discussed are those clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of the disease; and emphasizing finally that Q fever is not an infrequent clinical entity in our midst.

Acute Disease↗