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Biomedical subjects

L Andréasson

Publications and source records attributed to L Andréasson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Middle ear disease and hearing impairment in northern Tanzania. A prevalence study of schoolchildren in the Moshi and Monduli districts.

A total of 854 schoolchildren from one urban and one rural district in northern Tanzania were examined for the presence of middle ear pathology and hearing loss by means of pneumotoscopy and screening audiometry (air conduction). The prevalence of chronic otitis media (COM) was 1.6%, with no difference between urban and rural children. Scarred and sclerotic tympanic membranes were found in 10.9% of urban children and in 15.1% of rural children, the difference being significant. Hearing loss within the speech frequency range in all the children studied was found in 37% of the urban children and in 18% of the rural children. However, the prevalence of hearing loss above 30 dB HL was 3% in both districts. High frequency loss was significantly more common among urban than among rural children. Undetected severe hearing impairment/deafness was found in three children in the rural district, while none was found in the urban district.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Tubal function and surgery in chronic otitis media. A study on the predictive value of testing tubal function, Valsalva's manoeuvre and volume of ear spaces.

In 141 ears with central tympanic membrane (TM) perforation preoperative tubal studies as well as volume determination of the air-filled ear spaces was performed. Tubal patency was checked with Valsalva's manoeuvre and pressure equilibration function with Toynbee's test and aspiration-deflation tests respectively. At postoperative control 74.5% of the ears had intact movable TM (healed), 5.7% had intact but immovable or retracted TM and 19.8% had perforation (defect). There was no difference between the healed and defect ears regarding results in aspiration-deflation tests. A positive Valsalva's manoeuvre was significantly more frequent in the healed ears. Ears with a small air-filled volume and negative Valsalva's manoeuvre showed significantly lower healing rate than ears with positive Valsalva's manoeuvre and a large air-filled volume.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Caldwell-Luc operation: long-term results and sequelaes.

Out of 65 patients with sinusitis, treated with Caldwell-Luc operation 58 (43%) had more or less pronounced postoperative complaints at the follow-up 4-7 years postoperatively. The patients could be divided into group A 47/65 where all were satisfied with the result of the operation and group B 18/65 with more pronounced complaints, such as facial and dental par/hyperesthesia or neuralgia of nervus infraorbitalis. Persisting antrostomy was found in 82% in group A and in 37% in group B indicating that an open antrostomy is of importance for the long time result.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Laryngeal cancer, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inducibility and smoking. A follow-up study.

In 58 cases with laryngeal cancer (10 supraglottic and 48 glottic), aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) inducibility and smoking habits were studied. All but 2 were smokers and most of them heavy tobacco consumers. The AHH levels were divided into high, intermediate and low groups and were compared to a large healthy control material also divided into the aforementioned groups. A highly significant overrepresentation of patients with a high AHH level (p less than 0.0005) as well as a significant underrepresentation of low AHH levels (p less than 0.025) were found. Smokers with a high AHH level run a fourfold risk of developing laryngeal cancer as compared to non-smokers with low AHH levels. They also develop cancer earlier in life and get recurrences and secondary malignancies more frequently. As in oral and oropharyngeal cancer a high AHH inducibility seems to be of pathogenetic as well as of prognostic importance even in laryngeal cancer.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1985

Resection of the interfrontal sinus septum in chronic or recurrent frontal sinusitis. Pre- and post-operative evaluation of the naso-frontal duct.

In 9 patients with recurrent attacks of acute or chronic frontal sinusitis, interfrontal sinus septum resection was performed. In 5 patients there was unilateral disease and in 4 bilateral. As all patients had previously had their frontal sinus trephined, pre- and post-operative naso-frontal duct function tests were performed. Pre-operatively, of 11 naso-frontal ducts tested (2 patients bilaterally) not one showed air flow on spontaneous respiration. Passage of air was obtained at forced inspiration and expiration in one patient and by Valsalva's manoeuvre in 6. No flow of air whatsoever was obtained in 4 of the ducts, whatever the method used. At follow-up performed 1-8 years post-operatively 7 out of the 9 patients had no frontal sinus problems. The remaining 2 patients, who both had nasal allergy, were improved. Post-operative testing of the 9 patients showed flow of air on spontaneous respiration in 4 patients, whereas 4 needed forced inspiration or expiration and only one patient Valsalva's manoeuvre. The sinus septum resection, which is very simple to perform, is a good alternative to more extensive frontal sinus surgery but may be of less value in patients with nasal allergy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Effect of atropine on the eustachian tube function.

The effect of atropine on the eustachian tube function was studied by means of a recently designed method. The results out of 20 examined ears showed that atropine significantly reduced both active and passive functions of the eustachian tube. The findings are discussed and it is concluded that the method used might be a valuable tool in forthcoming studies of pharmacological effects on the eustachian tube function.

Air Pressure↗
PubMed1985

Oral and oropharyngeal cancer, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inducibility and smoking. A follow-up study.

In a series of 50 consecutive cases with oral or oropharyngeal malignancies, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) inducibility and smoking habits were studied. 82% of the patients were smokers. The AHH levels were divided into high, intermediate and low groups and were correlated to a healthy control material also divided into the groups mentioned. A significant overrepresentation of patients with a high AHH level (p less than 0.0005) as well as an underrepresentation of low AHH levels (p less than 0.01) was found. Smokers with a high AHH level run a sixfold risk of developing cancer in this area and develop it earlier in life than people with low or intermediate AHH levels. Recurrences or secondary malignancies in the upper digestive tract or airways were substantially higher in the high AHH level group as compared to the other. A high AHH inducibility level thus is of both pathogenetic as well as prognostic importance in oral and/or oropharyngeal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Eustachian tube function measured as pressure equilibration and sound transmission capacity. A comparison in healthy ears.

In a series of 68 healthy ears the muscular opening function of the Eustachian tube was assessed in two different ways. A pressure equilibration capacity of +/- 100 mm H2O was tested by a quantitative impedance technique using a pressure chamber and compared to sound transmission capacity recorded by sonotubometry at frequencies of 6, 7 and 8 kHz. In contrast to the pressure equilibration test, sonotubometry does not allow a quantitative assessment of Eustachian tube function and furthermore, sonotubometry yields false-positive as well as false-negative results due to the great variations in sound pressure generated by the deglutition maneuvers themselves.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Treatment with sulfur hexafluoride in children with serous otitis media. An alternative to tubulation.

In this pilot study, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), a nontoxic inert gas infused into the ear during myringotomy and acting as a gas cushion behind an intact eardrum, was tested on five children with bilateral serous otitis media. The contralateral ear was treated with air as a control. A significant difference in air-bone gaps (frequencies, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 kHz) lasting at least eight weeks was found between the ears treated with SF6 and the air-treated ears. No side effects were noted. Tympanograms showed varying patterns. The long-term effects were also favorable for the SF6-treated ears. In selected cases, eg, ears with thin scars and retractions, this might be a valuable alternative to tubulation. Further studies are being carried out.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1983

The airway resistance of the naso-frontal duct during and after acute frontal sinusitis. A long term follow-up of 49 trephined frontal sinuses.

A new pressure flow method for function tests and calculation of the airway resistance in the naso-frontal duct is presented. With this pressure flow technique the function and airway resistance of the naso-frontal duct was tested in 49 patients who were trephined for acute frontal sinusitis. The tests were performed during the primary healing period (0-16 days) and in a long term study 2, 6 and 12 months after operation. The patients were also checked radiologically and clinically. A prolonged healing period (more than 6 days) corresponded significantly to a high incidence of recurrent disease. With this method it is possible to define groups where recurrences might be expected because of impaired function of the naso-frontal duct.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Patency of the nasofrontal duct during frontal sinusitis.

In a series of frontal sinuses trephined due to frontal sinusitis the airway resistance of the nasofrontal duct was tested during the healing period as well as in a long-term follow-up study up to one year. The nasofrontal duct was more resistant to passage for air than for saline during the healing period. A high incidence of recurrences was found in cases with high airway resistance of the duct, a prolonged primary healing period and when major nasal pathology was found.

Airway Resistance↗