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Biomedical subjects

L Ayala

Publications and source records attributed to L Ayala.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Transmediastinal esophagectomy without thoracotomy in cancer of the esophagus].

Between 1987 and 1990 twenty report cases who suffered carcinoma of the esophagus underwent transmediastinal esophagectomy without thoracotomy at the Surgery Service of the Edgardo Rehabilitation Hospital. Of the report cases 90% were at stage III, 5% of stage II and 5% at stage I of the TNM Classification. Post operative complications were cervical leaks, transitory dysphonia and respiratory illness, and were solved by conservative management. Only one case died with sepsis and mediastinitis, this represents an inpatient mortality of 5%. There were no hemorrhagic complications, nor chylothorax neither visceral necrosis during surgical time. Transmediastinal esophagectomy offers a good choice for the management of surgical cases, it has low mortality, morbidity and similar survival time than other procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Caustic esophagitis: surgical management].

The authors present 28 report cases of severe caustic esophagitis who underwent surgery at the Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins I.P.S.S., from 1987 to February 1991. All were treated by esophagocoloplasty and when the proximal cervical esophagus was injured, by pharingocoloplasty. Eighteen patients (64.28%) were female and 10 (35.72%) male. Whose ages ranged between 15 and 75 years with an average of 34 years. Ten patients (36%) suffered pharingocoloplasty and in the remaining 18 (64%) a esophagocoloplasty (esophagogastric colonic interposition) was made. Postoperative morbidity corresponded in 5 cases (18%) to respiratory Infections, in 3 cases (11%) pneumothorax, in 2 cases (7%) pleural effusions and only one case presented a small cervical leak. All of them were satisfactory solved by conservatory medical treatment. Only two cases (7%) with late postoperative stenosis required reintervention and a simple cervical plasty was made. There were no complications as mediastinitis, necrosis of the colon graft hemorrhage. Operatory mortality was 0% and the long term follow up of all patients is satisfactory, having our first report cases more than 4 years of postoperative follow up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Platelet size and mass as an indicator for platelet transfusion after cardiopulmonary bypass.

Platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), and plateletcrit (PCT) were studied in 51 patients after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). MPV was significantly lower in 10 patients who developed postoperative bleeding (bleeders) compared to 41 with no significant bleeding (nonbleeders) (7.7 +/- 0.86 vs 8.5 +/- 1.2 fl, p less than .05). Postoperative platelet count was significantly lower in the group of bleeders (93.3 +/- 22.4 vs 127.5 +/- 43 X 10(9)/liters, p less than .02). A cutoff point of MPV or platelet count that would include bleeders and exclude nonbleeders could not be found due to the large overlap between the two groups. However, such a cutoff point does exist for PCT (PCT = total platelet mass). PCT was significantly lower among the bleeders (0.072 +/- 0.02% vs 0.108 +/- 0.036%, p less than .05) and a cutoff point of PCT less than 0.1% included all the bleeders and excluded 65% of nonbleeders. The low PCT and bleeding tendency can be corrected by platelets transfusion. In 15 patients (eight bleeders and seven nonbleeders) with low postoperative PCT (0.078 +/- 0.014), transfusion of 10 platelet units increased platelet count from 101 +/- 32 to 169 +/- 22 X 10(9)/liter, increased PCT to 0.128 +/- 0.2%, and stopped bleeding in all bleeders. A finding of PCT less than 0.1% after CPB is a clear indication for platelet transfusion in patients who develop post-CPB bleeding. This supports the observation that large platelets are more active than smaller ones, and that PCT, rather than PLT counts, predicts the risk of bleeding in patients with thrombocytopenia.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[South American blastomycosis. Diagnosis by colonoscopy].

Two cases of South American Blastomycosis are presented; the disease is not frequent in our country; the cases are a segmentary and difuse type primitive localized in the colon. In both of them the colonoscopy was a very important aid in the diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gastroesophageal reflux. Study with Helderberg's telemetric capsule].

Thirty patients in which there was a clinical suspicion of esophagitis reflux were studied. After radiological and endoscopic study, the gastroesophageal reflux was determined by means the Heidelberg telemetric capsule, for this purpose HCl 0.1N was used and changes in the gastroesophageal pH were registered in the Trendelenburg position. The results were correlated with the radiological and endoscopic findings.

Capsules↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Duodenitis].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Duodenal Diseases↗