Renal colic following a gunshot wound to the abdomen: the birdshot calculus.
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Abdominal Injuries↗
Biomedical subjects
L B Kandel
Publications and source records attributed to L B Kandel.
Transurethral laser prostatectomy in the canine model.
A technique for performing transurethral prostatectomy was devised using a Neodymium:Yttrium Aluminum Garnet laser in a canine model. Six dogs underwent transurethral laser prostatectomy following establishment of a perineal urethrostomy. The efficacy of the prostatectomies was judged by retrograde urethrography, transrectal prostate ultrasonography, cystoscopy, and histologic examination. The method of applying laser energy while holding the tip of the fiberoptic light guide 2-3 mm away from the prostate was ineffective; with power ranging from 40 to 70 watts, this technique resulted mainly in coagulation necrosis and removal of only a small amount of tissue. However, placing the tip of the light guide in direct contact with the prostate and using power from 70 to 100 watts produced impressively large prostatectomy defects by tissue vaporization. We conclude that this newly devised technique for transurethral prostatectomy in the canine model can be performed safely and effectively using a Neodymium:Yttrium Aluminum Garnet laser (Neodymium:YAG).
Aluminum Silicates↗
Monoclonal antibody identification of a potentially lithogenic protein extracted from human renal calculi.
In an attempt to identify potentially lithogenic proteins, a detergent soluble extract of human renal calculi was used to produce a unique monoclonal antibody. The monoclonal antibody was found to detect the presence of a specific epitope in 77% of individually extracted kidney stones from our patients' stone bank at The Long Island Kidney Stone Unit, State University of New York, Stony Brook. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, immunoprecipitation, and Western Blot analysis revealed this monoclonal antibody to be specific to a protein of 83,000 dalton molecular weight. A secondary source of protein reactive to the monoclonal antibody was subjected to enzyme kinetic studies, those studies suggested that the 83,000 dalton protein is a member of the protein-glutamine gammaglutamyltransferase (transglutaminase) family of enzymes. It was not determined in the present investigation whether a member of this family of enzymes initiates or is necessary for lithiasis.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
The 'bare area' of the male urethra. A new anatomical concept.
Clinical correlations have been made with the applied anatomy of the infradiphragmatic urethra. The entire urethra was removed en bloc and the infradiaphragmatic urethra was carefully dissected with metallic sounds in situ. The urethra immediately distal to the urogenital diaphragm is devoid of any corporal tissue anteriorly and constitutes the 'bare area' tha can easily be injured during rigid urethral instrumentation.
Aged↗
Treatment of renal calculi in the elderly.
The management of renal calculi in the geriatric patient population poses some unique problems that include anesthetic risks, underlying medical disease, and general risk/benefit concerns. A variety of relatively noninvasive procedures are available, including extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and percutaneous nephrostolithotomy (PCNL). A practical management plan is presented that is based primarily on stone size and takes into consideration problems unique to the elderly patient.
Aged↗
Electrohydraulic lithotripsy of ureteral calculi: the Stony Brook experience.
We have used electrohydraulic lithotripsy for the treatment of ureteral calculi in a total of 29 patients. By combining the use of a 3.0 Fr electrode and a 9.5 Fr rigid ureteroscope, we have been able to successfully treat the majority of our patients with ureteral calculi. Bypass stenting of obstructing ureteral stones aided in access and effectiveness of ureteroscopy and endoscopic lithotripsy. The success rate in our series of 30 primary treatments was 80%; failures were primarily related to stone composition. In summary, we have found electrohydraulic lithotripsy of ureteral calculi to be a safe and effective treatment modality and routinely used it for stones throughout the length of the ureter that were either impacted or too large to extract primarily.
Calcium Oxalate↗
Testicular germ cell tumors in HLA-genotype non-twin brothers.
The diagnosis of metastatic testicular carcinoma in a thirty-three-year-old man and his nineteen-year-old brother is reported. Histologically, the tumor of the older brother consisted predominantly of embryonal carcinoma with minor components of seminoma and adult teratoma; the tumor of the younger brother consisted entirely of embryonal carcinoma. Since previous reports suggest the possibility that the HLA genotype may be a factor in the etiology of testicular cancer, we typed the parents and four children of this family. The two affected brothers shared a paternal HLA-A3, Cw-,B7,DR2 haplotype that had not been transmitted to the two other living siblings. Analysis of the distribution of HLA haplotypes of the affected non-twin brothers of this family and those of three other non-twin pairs of brothers that have been reported showed that the affected pairs in each family shared one HLA haplotype. The differences between the expected and the observed distribution of HLA haplotypes in the four sibling pairs is not statistically significant, perhaps because of the small number of patients typed. Two of the four pairs shared a common haplotype. Additional family studies are required to establish a genetic origin of testicular tumors and to determine whether or not a "testicular carcinoma disease" gene is linked to the HLA complex. A large number of multicase families will be required for linkage analysis.
Adult↗
Primary renal lymphoma. Does it exist?
Although secondary renal involvement from systemic lymphoma is common, primary lymphoma of the kidney is not well recognized. One case is reported and 27 cases purported to be primary tumors are reviewed. From these cases three conclusions have been drawn: it is reasonable to assume that renal lymphoma can be a primary lesion; almost all patients with primary renal lymphoma will develop extrarenal lymphomatous disease shortly after diagnosis of their renal tumor; and survival for more than 1 year after diagnosis is rare.
Angiography↗
Renal plasmacytoma: a case report and summary of reported cases.
Although multiple myelomas occur fairly frequently, extramedullary plasmacytomas are uncommon. To date, only 7 cases of renal plasmacytoma have been documented. We report case 8 and discuss its management.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗