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Biomedical subjects

L B Reichman

Publications and source records attributed to L B Reichman.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Tuberculin reaction size measurement by the pen method compared to traditional palpation.

A prospective, double blind study was conducted to determine the degree of concordance of pen and palpation methods of measuring skin induration to Mantoux tuberculin tests. One hundred thirty-five skin tests were performed in patients with previously bacteriologically proved tuberculous disease. An experienced reader who was only able to see the forearm of the patient measured the induration by the palpation technique. The measurement was then repeated by the pen method under the same conditions, on the same day. Results of the study indicated that the pen method yielded statistically the same frequency distribution of indurations as the palpation method and the pen method appeared to be more sensitive.

Double-Blind Method↗
PubMed1986

Sarcoid and cytotoxic lung antibodies.

Fifteen cases of Sarcoidosis were investigated for the presence of complement dependent cytotoxicity against human lung cells grown in tissue culture. Significant levels were found in eleven cases. Absorption studies revealed that these antibodies associated with sarcoidosis could be absorbed by human lung fibroblasts but not by fibroblasts derived from human foreskin or kidney. Although we found a similar antibody frequently associated with extrinsic asthma we have only rarely found these antibodies in cases of tuberculosis, carcinoma of the lung, emphysema and intrinsic asthma.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1986

Tuberculosis as a manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Tuberculosis has not been well documented as a complication of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We studied 48 cases of mycobacterial diseases among a group of 136 adult patients with AIDS over a 43-month period. Twenty-nine of them had severe and unusual manifestations of disease due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, predominantly extrapulmonary and disseminated. Tuberculosis was more common among Haitians (4/8) and intravenous drug abusers (24/102) than among homosexuals who did not abuse drugs (0/22). Twelve of 21 patients with tuberculosis who were treated responded well, whereas three developed progressive disease indicative of treatment failure. Severe and unusual presentation of overwhelming tuberculosis in appropriate clinical circumstances may be considered an infection predictive of the presence of AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

Central nervous system tuberculosis with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and its related complex.

Central nervous system tuberculosis occurred in three patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and seven patients with AIDS-related complex who were evaluated for 48 months. Nine patients were intravenous drug abusers and one was Haitian. Five patients had cerebral-ring-enhancing lesions and three had hypodense areas. The clinical spectrum included meningitis in two patients, multiple cerebral abscesses in one, and tuberculomas in four. All Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were sensitive to standard antituberculous drugs. All patients received treatment with isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide; six patients also received streptomycin. Three patients with AIDS died of opportunistic infection preceded by central nervous system tuberculosis. Among the patients with the AIDS-related complex, three improved with treatment, three were lost to follow-up, and one died. Tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of central nervous system mass lesions in intravenous drug abusers with AIDS or AIDS-related complex. Because patients with tuberculosis can be cured, biopsy of accessible brain mass lesions should be mandatory. Preventive therapy may be indicated in drug abusers without disease.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

The HLA-A, -B, and -DR phenotypes and tuberculosis.

The HLA-A, -B, and -DR antigens were studied in black Americans to analyze deviation in phenotype distribution between ATS Class 3 patients with tuberculosis disease and ATS Class 2 healthy persons with significant tuberculin reaction, but no tuberculosis. Statistical analyses with Fisher's exact test revealed a significant difference in frequency distribution of HLA-B5 (p = 0.046), HLA-DR5 (p = 0.0276), and HLA-DR6y (p = 0.0095) between ATS Class 2 and ATS Class 3 patients. There was a significant decrease in HLA-DR6y (p = 0.01) but increase in HLA-B5 and HLA-DR5 phenotypes in ATS Class 3 patients.

Black People↗
PubMed1983

Culture of Vibrio extorquens from severe, chronic skin ulcers in a Puerto Rican woman.

A 48-year-old Puerto Rican woman developed extensive ulcers on her buttocks, right arm, and thighs over a 3 1/2-year period. The lesions began as small, subcutaneous nodules which subsequently ulcerated and expanded up to 19 cm in diameter. Biopsy of both ulcerated and nonulcerated lesions showed acid-fast bacilli. Culture of both types of lesions grew Vibrio extorquens, a partially acid-fast methanolophilic organism not previously associated with disease in humans. The patient developed agglutinating antibody, titer 1:80, to this organism. The disease responded to treatment with antibiotics to which the organism was sensitive in vitro.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Oat cell carcinoma with multiple tracheobronchial papillomatous tumors.

Multiple papillomas of the tracheobronchial tree are rare in children and adults. We describe a 42-year-old woman with multiple papillomatous-like tumors involving the trachea and bronchi. The limited tissue samples obtained during fiberoptic bronchoscopy initially lead to a benign histopathologic diagnosis; concurrent cytology studies strongly suggested oat cell carcinoma. The biopsy specimen obtained by rigid bronchoscopy ultimately demonstrated unequivocal oat cell carcinoma. This case illustrates an unusual and previously unreported manifestation of oat cell carcinoma--an endoscopic presentation in a papillary form suggesting benign tracheobronchial papillomatosis. Cytology studies were of increased diagnostic significance in this clinicopathologic setting.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Successful supervised ambulatory management of tuberculosis treatment failures.

Twenty-one patients with long histories of failed treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis, most of whom were recalcitrant in taking medications, were treated on a primarily ambulatory basis with various antituberculosis drugs. Supervision ensured that medication was taken. Convenient, personalized, comprehensive medical care and social services were provided without cost to patients during the early phase of treatment. Management during the continuation phase was unsupervised. Fourteen patients had drug-resistant tuberculosis and 16 were either alcohol or opiate abusers. Treatment success was achieved in 19 of 21 patients with a mean follow-up of 26 months. Two patients failed to achieve a sputum-negative status for Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Updated TB care means patients get well.

In many parts of the U.S., old-fashioned methods of TB care are imposed on patients. Some health professionals still think in terms of isolation and lifelong followup of TB patients. This causes serious interruption of patients' lives and is an inefficient use of scarce and ever-shrinking health resources. The reorganization of two clinic systems in New Jersey shows what can be done.

Health Facility Closure↗
PubMed1979

Relationship of static respiratory muscle pressure and maximum voluntary ventilation in normal subjects.

40 normal subjects performed spirometry, maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), and tests of static inspiratory (Pi max) and expiratory (Pe max) respiratory muscle pressure. Forced expiratory volumes in 0.5 (FEV0.5), in 0.75 (FEV0.75), and 1 sec (FEV1) correlated significantly with MVV (r = 0.805, 0.804, 0.779, respectively). When Pi max was considered as a second independent variable, the probability of predicting MVV from timed forced expiratory volumes was enhanced (r = 0.914, 0.900 and 0.872 for FEV0.5, FEV0.75, and FEV1, respectively). Statistical analysis indicated that multiple regression with Pi max was superior to regression with timed forced expiratory volume alone in the prediction of MVV. For any given FEV1, however, Pi max was widely dispersed (range: -60 to -200 cm H2O). MVV values, expressed as percentage difference between largest and smallest value, varied less than did Pi max. Pe max, vital capacity, height and age did not enhance the ability of timed forced expiratory volumes to predict MVV. These data indicate that while respiratory muscle strength is important for sustaining maximal ventilation, the MVV is not a sensitive indicator of respiratory muscle strength.

Adult↗