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Biomedical subjects

L B Svendsen

Publications and source records attributed to L B Svendsen.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer].

Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) probably constitutes 5% of all the cases of sporadic colorectal cancer. At present, the diagnosis can only be established on the basis of a family history which should fulfill the "Amsterdam criteria": 1) Colorectal cancer in at least three family members, 2) One family member must be a close relative of the other two, and 3) The diagnosis must have been established prior to the age of 50 years in at least one relative. Other forms of cancer also occur in the HNPCC syndrome, particularly endometrial cancer. The syndrome has a dominant inheritance and, therefore, all close relatives should be submitted to control examinations for the most important forms of cancer associated with the syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Intramuscular low-dose ketamine versus pethidine for postoperative pain treatment after thoracic surgery.

In a double-blind prospective study the effects of low-dose intramuscular ketamine (1 mg/kg) were compared to pethidine (1 mg/kg) in the treatment of pain after pulmonary surgery. Thirty patients were admitted to the study and postoperatively randomized to either a ketamine or a pethidine group. The analgesic effect was evaluated using a scale ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 denoted no pain and 10 severe pain. We did not find any significant difference between the analgesic effect of ketamine and pethidine; however, the duration of action of ketamine appeared to be slightly longer. Throughout the study PaCO2 was significantly lower in the ketamine group. PaO2 increased through the study in both groups and was significantly higher after 2 h. Heart rates increased significantly only in the pethidine group. Mean arterial pressures remained unchanged and the respiratory frequencies were similar in the two groups. The incidence of adverse reactions was low and not significantly different between the groups. The findings indicate that low-dose intramuscular ketamine is a potent analgesic for postoperative analgesia following thoracic surgery and that it has no respiratory depressive effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Spontaneous intraperitoneal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis of the liver: a complication of extra-intestinal shunts].

Haemoperitoneum due to a ruptured porta-systemic shunt in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension seems to be rare, and the diagnosis is generally first established during surgery. A case of intraperitoneal bleeding due to a ruptured varix in a cluster of varices between the greater omentum and the right broad ligament is reported and the literature is reviewed. In cirrhotic patients, sudden onset of abdominal pain in combination with hypotension should result in ultrasonography of the abdomen. Any free fluid present should be aspirated and when blood is encountered the patient must be operated upon immediately. The mortality rate is high. Suture ligation of the bleeding varix seems to give the greatest likelihood of survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Metachronous colorectal cancer].

The occurrence of metachronous colo-rectal cancer was investigated in 903 patients under the age of 40 years at the time of diagnosis of the primary cancer. A constant frequency of metachronous colo-rectal cancers was found and a cumulated incidence of 30% after an observation period of 41 years. Metachronous cancer of the colon was encountered most frequently in the right half of the colon regardless of the site of the primary cancer. On the basis of the above mentioned results, a life-long follow-up programme is recommended, consisting of regular examination for blood in the faeces and colonoscopy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Metachronous colorectal cancer in young patients: expression of the hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome?

The cumulative incidence rate of metachronous colorectal cancer in patients younger than 40 years of age at diagnosis of the primary cancer has been shown to be 30 percent. Metachronous colorectal cancer is predominantly located in the right colon with a decreasing frequency toward the rectum. The risk of developing a metachronous colorectal cancer was found to be 16-29 times increased when compared with the risk of having a primary colorectal cancer. Because of the resemblance between characteristics of metachronous colorectal cancer and the features of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), it is proposed that young colorectal cancer patients developing metachronous colorectal cancer could in fact be HNPCC patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The pattern of fibrosis in the acinar zone 3 areas in early alcoholic liver disease.

The degree of fibrosis and the pattern of collagen distribution in the acinar zone 3, as well as the thickness of the terminal hepatic vein walls (THV) were analyzed in 48 consecutive liver needle biopsies from 48 alcoholics with preserved liver architecture. The fibrosis occurred to more or less the same degree in the whole circumference of each THV. A positive correlation was found between the degrees of perisinusoidal/pericellular fibrosis (PSF) and the occurrence of incomplete or complete septa. The thickness of THV walls (TTHV) varied from 1.0-12.5 microns with a median of 3.9 microns. No relationship was found between TTHV and PSF. The results were compared to similar data obtained in liver biopsies from 117 non-alcoholics with normal morphology or slight non-specific changes. No significant difference concerning TTHV and THV diameter was found between alcoholic and non-alcoholic patients. The results suggest that the initial liver fibrosis in alcoholics is slightly asymmetrical distributed in each acinar zone 3 area. With progression, the fibrosis tends to be more uniformly distributed and septa appear, eventually linking THV with portal tracts. Apparently, thickening of the THV walls does not occur in early alcoholic liver disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Correlation between in vitro tetraploidy in skin fibroblasts and development of sporadic colorectal carcinomas.

In vitro tetraploidy (IVT) in skin fibroblasts cultures measured by flow cytometry was compared with histological type and degree of dysplasia in 22 patients with adenomas of the colon and rectum. Furthermore, IVT was compared with stage and differentiation in 36 patients with carcinoma of the colon and rectum. In vitro tetraploidy in skin fibroblasts was correlated to type as well as dysplasia in adenomas and differentiation in carcinomas but was not correlated to Dukes' stage in carcinomas. Skin fibroblast genetic instability, expressed as increased IVT (IVT+), has been reported to reflect a genetic predisposition to colorectal cancer in the hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome. Because IVT+, which appears to be associated with the progression of adenomas to carcinomas, also is found in many of the non-syndrome colorectal cancers, we suggest that development of colorectal cancer is considerably influenced by the constitutive genetic instability of the autosomal dominant colorectal cancer syndromes.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

Metachronous colorectal carcinoma.

During the period 1943-67, 903 Danish patients aged less than 40 years had colorectal carcinoma. The patients were followed up for up to 41 years and during this period 44 of 501 (9 per cent) operated on for cure developed a metachronous colorectal carcinoma. The cumulative risk of a metachronous colorectal carcinoma was 30 per cent after up to 41 years of observation. The occurrence of a metachronous colorectal carcinoma was evenly distributed in the observation period. The cumulative survival rate after operation for a metachronous colorectal carcinoma was 41 per cent after 20 years of observation. We propose a lifelong follow-up programme after resection of colorectal carcinoma for cure in this age group, including annual Hemoccult test and colonoscopy at 3-year intervals.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Brown-bowel syndrome. Review of the literature and presentation of cases.

Four cases of brown-bowel syndrome (BBS) are presented. BBS is found in malabsorptive conditions secondary to diseases involving the liver, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract. Morphologically, BBS is characterized by deposition of lipofuscin in the tunica muscularis, and electron microscopy shows degradation of smooth-muscle cell mitochondria. It is probable that BBS is a manifestation of vitamin E deficiency causing smooth-muscle cell 'mitochondrial myopathy'. Normal bowel function is retained, causing bowel hypotonia, and an aggravation of the underlying disease occurs. On suspicion of BBS, diagnosis is obtained in full-wall biopsy specimens of the intestine.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Two daily doses of sucralfate or cimetidine in the healing of gastric ulcer. A comparative randomized study.

A double-blind, randomized study compared the healing of gastric ulcer during a twice-daily regimen of 2 g sucralfate or 400 mg cimetidine. The patients received the tablets one-half hour before breakfast and one-half hour before bedtime. The study included 76 patients with endoscopically proven gastric ulcer. Patients with ulcers less than 3 cm from the pyloric ring and patients with ulcers less than 3 mm in diameter were excluded from the study. Sixty-four patients completed the study. Healing was endoscopically assessed at four-week intervals for 12 weeks. After four, eight, and 12 weeks, the healing rates for cimetidine were 55, 81, and 94 percent, respectively; the healing rates for sucralfate were 52, 79, and 91 percent, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between the two regimens. At 12 weeks, the risk of overlooking a difference in favor of one of the two dosage regimens was less than 20 percent. The results suggest that 2 g sucralfate twice daily is as effective in the healing of gastric ulcer as 400 mg cimetidine twice daily.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The influence of age upon the survival after curative operation for colorectal cancer.

From 1962 to 1982 1,623 consecutive patients were curatively operated for colorectal adenocarcinoma. For all patients cancer specific mortality rates were registered and the influence of the following prognostic factors was evaluated: tumour stage and grade, adenomas, age, sex and tumour site. In a multivariate Cox analysis, with backward elimination of non-significant factors at a 10% level, Dukes' C stage, poor differentiation, and age between 40 and 60 years at onset of carcinoma reached independent prognostic significance.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1989

Human skin fibroblast in vitro tetraploidy. Flow cytometric DNA assay used to confirm metaphase assay in patients with various colonic diseases.

One hundred twenty-two patients with various colon pathologies (43 colorectal carcinoma patients exclusive of the known autosomal dominant colorectal cancer syndromes, 31 patients with solitary colorectal adenomas, 27 patients with ulcerative colitis, and 21 controls with no evidence of colorectal cancer) were investigated for in vitro tetraploidy in dermal fibroblasts cultures using a metaphase assay for determination of numerical chromosomal alterations. Later, stationary cultures of these skin fibroblasts were investigated with DNA flow cytometry. There was good correlation between the percentage of tetraploid metaphase cells and the percentage of nuclei with a flow cytometric DNA index of 2. Using a linear discrimination function to classify the flow cytometric data, the peak with DNA index of 2 was the most important parameter, supplemented by the region with DNA index greater than 2, whereas the region with DNA index between 1 and 2 probably represented a different subpopulation. We have thus demonstrated that only the region with a DNA index of 2 or greater is suitable in determining in vitro tetraploidy in stationary skin fibroblast cultures.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1989

Association between tumor DNA aneuploidy and in vitro tetraploidy of skin fibroblasts in patients with colorectal neoplasms.

In vitro tetraploidy (IVT) in cultures of skin fibroblasts was compared with tumor DNA ploidy, as determined by flow cytometry on paraffin-embedded material, in 99 patients with colorectal neoplasm. In 63 patients with non-heritable carcinoma we found a significant correlation between the number of aneuploid stemlines in the tumor and IVT in the fibroblast culture. Furthermore, tumor aneuploidy was significantly correlated to the size of the tetraploid subpopulation in the fibroblasts. There was no correlation between aneuploidy and Dukes's stage or the degree of differentiation. In 36 patients with adenoma no correlation between tumor aneuploidy and fibroblast IVT was demonstrated, whereas the number of tumor stemlines was significantly correlated to histopathologic stage and grade of dysplasia. IVT in cultured skin fibroblasts, which has been reported to reflect a genetic predisposition to colorectal cancer in heritable colon cancer syndromes, thus seems to be relevant also for the understanding of tumor formation and progression in the 'non-heritable' type of colorectal cancer.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

Prognostic significance of hereditary predisposition on the outcome of colorectal cancer as expressed by increased in vitro tetraploidy.

Seventy colorectal cancer patients operated on in the period 1981-1984 were consecutively investigated for in vitro tetraploidy in dermal fibroblasts, as an increased number of tetraploids is considered a marker of genetic predisposition for colorectal cancer. The difference in disease-free survival rates of increased (IVT+) and normal (IVT-) in vitro tetraploidy was not statistically significant (0.1 less than p less than 0.2), but the decrease in the disease-free survival rate of IVT+ was 1.6 times that of IVT-. To exclude the influence of other prognostic factors, a Cox multivariate regression analysis was used, with Dukes C carcinoma and poor differentiation as co-variables for IVT+. In this analysis IVT+ did not show any independent prognostic significance. A genetic predisposition for colorectal cancer, as expressed by the presence of IVT+ in skin fibroblasts, does not seem to influence the survival of patients with colorectal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Increased in vitro tetraploidy and mandibular osteomas in patients with and without colorectal diseases.

One hundred and seventy-six individuals with various colorectal diseases were investigated simultaneously for increased in vitro tetraploidy in dermal fibroblast cultures and for occult mandibular osteomas. In only 10 of the 176 persons were both presumed markers of colorectal genetic predisposition present in the same individual. No evidence was found that these traits are causally associated. A combination of the two presumed markers showed a tendency towards occurrence in individuals with a positive family history of colorectal cancer among first-degree relatives.

Adolescent↗