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Biomedical subjects

L Bardet

Publications and source records attributed to L Bardet.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Effects of zamic as a means for zinc supplementation in growing children.

We investigated the effects of zinc supplementation in case of moderate growth retardation in which GH treatment could not be used. Zamic (ZA, an association containing arginine, L-methionine, and zinc; from Aguettant pharmaceuticals) was compared with arginine aspartate (AA) (5 g) in a crossover randomized trial (6 mo of each treatment at random order over 1 yr). We present preliminary results of 24 children who completed the study (3 girls, 21 boys, age 9-13 yr). Subjects had to be prepubertal, with no GH deficiency diagnosed. In 15 subjects growth velocity was lower than 5 mm/mo: In this case ZA improved growth velocity (rising from 3.105 +/- 0.229 to 5.4 +/- 0.69 mm/mo p < 0.01), whereas the effect of AA was not significant. The increase in growth velocity was higher with ZA (+2.44 +/- 0.657 mm/mo) than AA (+0.438 +/- 0.450 mm/mo) p < 0.05. These results suggest that ZA is more efficient than AA, consistent with the hypothesis that zinc needs are increased in those children in this period of life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Variations in oligosaccharides and lactose in human milk during the first week of lactation.

Variations in oligosaccharides and lactose in human milk were studied in 15 mothers during the first week of lactation. The neuraminyloligosaccharides and heavy neutral oligosaccharides increased slightly from days 2 to 5 postpartum and appeared to decrease until day 7. The lacto-N-difucohexaoses, lacto-N-fucopentaoses, and lacto-N-tetraose increased until day 5 and then decreased. Lactodifucotetraose and the fucosidolactoses decreased substantially until day 5 (p less than 0.05) and appeared to stablize in the following days. Lactose increased until day 5 (p less than 0.05) and continued to increase thereafter. Lactose was negatively correlated with total oligosaccharides (p less than 0.10). The fluctuations observed in total oligosaccharides from days 2 to 5 postpartum and their subsequent stabilization and regular decrease during lactation confirm the hypothesis of Kulski and Hartmann that mammary secretion occurs in three periods: colostrum for the first 36 h postpartum, transitional milk from days 2 to 5 postpartum, and mature milk after day 5. The oligosaccharide variations we found corresponded to those of other milk constituents observed by other authors. The significance of the oligosaccharide variations is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Discriminant carbohydrate components of human milk according to donor secretor types.

Because of the variability of human milk carbohydrate composition, we determined the discriminant carbohydrate components of the milk of 18 mothers according to their ABH and Lewis secretor types during the first week of lactation. Comparative chromatograms revealed that the presence of neuraminyloligosaccharides is linked to the ABH secretor groups, and that the absence of oligosaccharides with Lea or Leb specificity is linked to the Lewis nonsecretor types. The study of carbohydrate composition according to donor secretor types consisted of measuring 16 variables from 69 samples. Analysis of variance showed significant differences between groups: high levels of N-acetylneuraminic acid and low levels of galactose distinguished ABH secretors from nonsecretors (p less than 0.001). In the ABH secretor groups, A and H secretors had higher N-acetylglucosamine contents than B and AB secretors (p less than 0.001) and lower galactose levels (p less than 0.001). The Lewis secretor groups were distinguished by significantly higher fucose levels (p less than 0.001). The ABH(+)Le(a-b-) group had higher lactose contents than the other groups (p less than 0.01).

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1986

Diurnal variations and within the feed in lactose and oligosaccharides of human milk.

Variations of lactose and oligosaccharides in human milk were studied during the day and the feed, by dialysis, chromatography on Bio-gel P-2 column, paper chromatography, colorimetric analysis and gas chromatography. Progressive changes were found during the day, but not during the feed. A diurnal variation in milk lactose was seen, which was the inverse of the oligosaccharides. Significant negative correlations between lactose and oligosaccharides were seen in the afternoon and evening (p less than 0.05). The minimal mean value of lactose at 19.00 h is 58.64 +/- 5.28 g/l and the maximal mean values of oligosaccharides was 17.93 +/- 2.28 g/l. The data are discussed with regard to other milk constituents and to their possible physiological relevance.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed1986

[Determination of micro-quantities of serum lithium by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Significance and applications].

The dilution of serum and the ionic components having an usual effect upon the lithium assay is examined about their influences in the determination of lithium microquantities. These are discussed according to the technique selected as well as the normal ionic variations that may be come across in serums. The method was applied to determination of serum lithium rate in a group of old subjects. The got lithium distribution is unsymmetrical at lower rates and no influence of age or sex was obvious.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Variations of lactose and oligosaccharides in milk from women of blood types secretor A or H, secretor Lewis, and secretor H/nonsecretor Lewis during the course of lactation.

Variations of lactose and oligosaccharides in human milk were studied over a 3-month lactation period by dialysis, chromatography on Bio-gel P-2 column, paper chromatography, colorimetric analysis and gas chromatography. Milk samples were collected from donors of various blood and secretor types. An increase in the concentration of lactose was noted: 59.25 +/- 1.61 to 72.17 +/- 1.35 g/l for the group of secretor A secretor Lea Leb individuals, and from 62.25 +/- 1.35 to 73.15 +/- 3.45 g/l for the group of secretor H secretor Lea Leb individuals. A decrease in the concentration of oligosaccharides was also found: from 16.71 +/- 0.99 to 7.90 +/- 1.29 g/l and from 18.51 +/- 0.74 to 7.33 +/- 0.65 g/l, respectively, for these same groups. In secretor H nonsecretor Lewis individuals, the concentration of lactose increased from 67.97 +/- 3.09 to 77.42 +/- 1.88 g/l, and the concentration of oligosaccharides decreased from 13.27 +/- 0.40 to 3.47 +/- 0.33 g/l. Analysis of oligosaccharide composition by chromatography showed that variations are in relation to the secretor Lewis type. All oligosaccharides decreased equally throughout the lactation period, regardless of the blood group. The decrease was more rapid, however, in the nonsecretor Lewis individuals. In these individuals, the absence of certain oligosaccharides is not compensated by an overproduction of the other oligosaccharides present or by biosynthesis of structurally different oligosaccharides. The origin of these oligosaccharides is discussed.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1981

[A simple hemolytic plate method for complement activity estimation (author's transl)].

The previous single radial haemolysis method is simplified for complement activity assay in human serums. The proceeding a "one point" test is described. This new technique is remarkable by its simplicity and rapidity. A study of the precision shows tha possibility of to make use of this simple "one point" hemolytic plate method.

Complement System Proteins↗
PubMed1980

[A study of the single radial haemolysis optimization for complement haemolytic activity assay (author's transl)].

The experimental conditions for single radial haemolysis are analysed in order to optimize the haemolytic plate method for the assay of human total complement. The amount of haemolytic antibody used for sensitization of red cells, the concentration of sensitized sheep erythrocytes, the thickness of agarose layer, and the diameters of wells all exercise an influence on the area of haemolysis. The effects of these parameters are investigated with a view to obtaining the clearest reading and greatest sensitivity of the haemolytic activity plate method, and at the same time verifying the validity of the assay and the precision of the human serum haemolytic titres. This work reports the optimal experimental requirements with regard to the factors studied for minimizing the sources of error in complement haemolytic plate assay.

Complement System Proteins↗
PubMed1980

[Hepatocyte changes in experimental iron overloading. An ultrastructural and microanalytic study].

In this paper the ultrastructural changes in hepatocytes which were experimentally induced by oral and parenteral iron overloading in Sprague-Dawley rats fed on a steatogenous U.A.R. 2-13 diet are analysed. The changes in the mitochondria consisted of flocculation, vesiculation and crystolysis. The R.E.G. showed marked phenomena of dilatation degranulation and fragmentation. The lysosomes became more numerous and increased their content of ferric macromolecules. Degenerative nuclear phenomena were also seen. A microanalytic study of the cellular organelles and nucleus was done relating the cellular lesion and the intracellular distribution of the iron.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Urinary zinc and its relationships with microalbuminuria in type I diabetics.

We investigated whether zincuria is associated with microalbuminuria in type I (insulin-dependent) diabetics (IDDM). In 169 IDDM, 215 overnight urine samples were collected for simultaneous assay of zinc and albumin. In 76 samples with excessive microalbuminuria (greater than 15 mg/L), zincuria was higher than in the 139 other samples (0.83 +/- 0.06 vs 0.58 +/- 0.03 mg/L p less than 0.001), though zincuria and microalbuminuria were not significantly correlated. An exercise provocation test was performed in 78 IDDM. Although microalbuminuria increased, zincuria did not change during the test. Another group of 83 IDDM underwent urinary zinc determination over a period of 1 h of recumbency. The 48 patients who had a zincuria higher than the mean + 2 SD of control values had higher microalbuminuria at rest (48 +/- 16 micrograms/min vs 12 +/- 2 p less than 0.01) and after exercise (111 +/- 33 vs 42 +/- 14 p less than 0.02) than the remaining 35 subjects. Both subgroups did not differ for zinc intake and zincemia. Thus, incipient nephropathy as detected by the measurement of microalbuminuria is associated with a highly significant increase in zinc excretion, which is not proportional to albumin leakage, nor is it amplified during exercise. Hyperzincuria is not explained by an increase in zinc intake and does not result in hypozincemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum zinc and somatic growth in children with growth retardation.

A possible role for zinc deficiency in some cases of growth retardation in southern France was investigated. Control values for zinc for 160 children (age = 12.5 +/- 2.4 yr) are 0.85 +/- 0.22 mg/L (mean +/- 2 SD). Twenty-five children with low serum zinc values (less than 0.63 mg/L) and 25 matched short children with normal serum zinc values (greater than 0.63 mg/L) were studied. Children in the two groups did not differ significantly in age, pubertal development, stature, and weight. For the 25 children whose serum values were low, we found significantly lower values for bone age delay, growth velocity in mm/month, as well as the ratio between calculated growth velocity and theoretical growth velocity for the bone age (so that zincemia was correlated to these parameters in the whole sample of 50 subjects). Nevertheless, no significant difference could be found between the two groups for serum somatomedin C, serum osteocalcin values, and GH responses to the GH stimulatory tests (exercise test, overnight sampling, insulin-induced hypoglycemia, arginine test). Therefore, low serum zinc is associated with a retardation in both somatic growth and pubertal maturation.

Bone Development↗