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Biomedical subjects

L Benedetti

Publications and source records attributed to L Benedetti.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[High-resolution echography and angiography in the study of vascular accesses for hemodialysis].

In 23 hemodialytic patients with clinically presumed complications of the vascular access the arteriovenous shunt was studied by high resolution ultrasonography (US) and by angiography. In 21/23 cases US identified the shape of the shunt correctly; in these patients US always showed the alterations of vascular size (stenosis, aneurysm) and complete occlusion, also detecting the intravascular extension of thrombosis. In 3 patients US identified partial venous thrombosis missed on angiography; furthermore, unlike angiography, US gave precise information on the vascular wall and perivascular tissue changes. These findings suggest that US may represent the first imaging procedure in the study of the vascular access in hemodialytic patients; angiography might be performed when US findings are uncertain or when a vascular map is needed for surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effect of pollution on some freshwater species. II. Bioaccumulation and toxic effects of experimental lead pollution on the ganglia in Viviparus ater (Mollusca, Gastropoda).

The effect of lead on ganglia of Viviparus ater were studied by histochemical and histomorphological procedures. The pollution experiment should be considered a "short-time static bioassay" because of its experimental characteristics. There was considerable accumulation of lead in the ganglia as determined by atomic absorbance (A.A.S.). The cytological damage principally affected the neuronal cell bodies which undergo degenerative processes. The most serious cytopathological changes occurred in the following sequence: nuclear damage leading to pyknosis; nucleolar damage until disappearance; changes in Nissl bodies, at times forming a uniform mass. These cytological disorders led to markedly altered protein synthesis. Nerve fibers and neuroglia did not appear affected by lead exposure, even at higher doses. Membrane enzymes, phosphorylase, NADHDH, NADPHDH and SDH activities were decreased, whereas D-LDH, G-6-PDH, G-6-Pase and MAO activities increased. GDH was unchanged. Changes in polar lipid composition were also observed with an increase of phospholipids and a decrease of sulpholipids and cerebrosides.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The role of computerized axial tomography in the follow-up of patients with carcinoma of the ovary.

In order to assess the accuracy of CAT in the follow-up of the patients affected by ovarian carcinoma, we compared the results of this method to those of second-look laparotomy in 19 patients. In 16 out of 19 patients the CAT showed the presence or absence of disease correctly. There were 3 false negatives, caused by small diffuse peritoneal metastases, and no false positives. The results of this study show that CAT, though useful in studying the evolution of abdominal and pelvic carcinomas, cannot replace the surgical second-look in cases of ovarian cancers, due to the high incidence of false negatives.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Organization and expression of the vimentin gene.

The primary structure of hamster vimentin has been derived from the nucleotide sequence of the corresponding cDNA. The elucidation of the amino acid sequence allowed the prediction of a model in which two helix domains occur. The N-terminal and C-terminal part have been characterized as nonhelical domains. Moreover the two helices are separated by a third nonhelical region.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1983

CT appearance of generalized von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis.

Two cases of von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis (VRN) with thoracic and abdominal involvement are described. Computed tomography demonstrated the typical lesions of this disease: meningoceles, neurofibromas, and skeletal alterations. In both cases lesion morphology and location were similar and characteristic, in particular in the pelvic region. Computed tomography findings in generalized VRN are sufficiently characteristic to be considered diagnostic for this disease.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Bronchoalveolar lavage in the normal lung. First of three parts: protein, enzymatic and ionic features.

Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed on 12 healthy volunteers, comprising 6 smokers and 6 nonsmokers, of ages between 21 and 52 years. The aim was to define normal variability of certain biochemical, immunologic, enzymologic and ionic parameters. The smoking habit was observed to exert a significant influence on the recovery percentage of lavage effluents (with recovery less in smokers, 53 vs. 69%) and particularly on the concentration of immunoglobulins in the lavage liquids. In particular, the IgG increased by about 4 times in smokers (1.05 vs. 0.26 mg/100 ml) and the IgA by about 3 times (0.35 vs. 0.11 mg/100 ml). The other parameters studied (total proteins, albumins, IgM, alpha 1-AT, K, Ca and several enzyme activities) did not differ significantly from one group to the other. Rather than an alteration in the blood-alveolar barrier from smoking, these data suggest a real local overproduction of immunoglobulins of classes G and A induced by the smoking habit. Moreover, the relatively slight individual oscillation in the values of the parameters studied in the two groups supports the possibility of employing them for diagnostic purposes in bronchopneumopathies.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Swanson design finger joint implant utilized in the proximal interphalangeal joints of the foot: a preliminary study.

The purpose of this paper is to present preliminary findings regarding the use of the Silastic finger joint implant H.P. (Swanson design) in resection arthroplastic procedures of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the second and/or third toes. This paper reports on 42 cases which have beer, performed and in which significantly satisfactory results have been achieved.

Edema↗
PubMed1983

Computerized axial tomography in the evaluation of gynecologic pelvic masses.

The Authors retrospectively evaluate the advantages and limitations of CAT in 57 patients presenting suspected gynecologic pelvic masses. CAT showed great accuracy in identifying the presence or absence of the mass (only 3 false negatives and no false positive) whereas it diagnosed the nature of the lesion correctly only in 19 cases. In 41 cases the CAT provided clinically significant information adding to those of the gynecologic examination. Despite some limitations, CAT has proven to be a useful and accurate method to diagnose and evaluate suspected gynecologic masses before the surgical intervention.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Effect of pollution on some freshwater species. I. histochemical and biochemical features of lead pollution on some organs of Viviparus viviparus L. (Mollusca Gastropoda).

Experimental lead pollution was studied in some organs (foot, mantle and digestive gland) of Viviparus viviparus L. The amount of lead contained after 48h, 96 h and one week of pollution were established using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. On the basis of physicochemical determination, it turns out that lead is mainly concentrated in the mantle. The biochemical tests (cholesterol, sulpholipids and phospholipids) were aimed at evaluating the lipids involved in the membranes. The histochemical research was carried out chiefly to evaluate the modifications of polysaccharides and proteins. Some hydrolytic enzymes (Na+ and K+ dependent ATPase) and some ooreductive enzymes (NADH+ and NADPH+ dependent diaphorases, D-lactate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-P-dehydrogenase) were also tested. The digestive gland is the most severely damaged organ as proved by histomorphological and biochemical analyses.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

CT demonstration of portal and superior mesenteric vein thrombosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Three cases of hepatocellular carcinoma in which computed tomography (CT) demonstrated thrombosis of the portal vein are reported. In one patient, extension of the thrombus into the superior mesenteric vein was identified as well. The outstanding CT features of portal vein thrombosis were: (a) enlargement of the vein, (b) intraluminal low density area, and (c) hyperdense peripheral ring due to the enhancement of the venous wall. These findings may be useful in differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma from hepatic metastases.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Preparation and spectroscopic behavior of acetylderivatives of sulphonamides.

Acetylderivatives of five sulpha drugs (N1-phenylsulphamilamide, sulphapyridine, sulphapyrimidine, sulphamerazine, sulphamethazine) and of three reference compounds, devoid of the para amino group, are synthetized. The trends of the U.V. spectra and of the symmetric stretching frequency of the SO2 group of the prepared compounds are described and discussed in a systematic way, by means of a simple conjugation model. Our data show that, on the basis of the values of the indices of electronic structure [upsilons(SO2), lambdap], the N1-acetylderivatives would appear to have a lower bacteriostatic activity than that of the non-acetylated compounds, which is in disagreement with the literature. The question therefore arises as to whether the N1-acetylderivatives are to be considered an exception to the structure-activity correlations previously put forward, or whether, owing to phenomena of hydrolysis, the degree of activity can no longer be attributed to the form characterized by the indices measured.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1973

High dose frusemide in established acute renal failure.

The results of treatment with frusemide in 105 patients with established acute renal failure admitted during the past six years were reviewed and compared with control groups. Daily doses of 2,000 mg of frusemide administered from the day of admission onwards produced a significant increase in the number of patients who attained a diuresis and decreased the duration of oliguria.The reduction in the time spent in hospital and in the number of dialyses required suggests that the use of frusemide in these large doses is indicated in patients with severe established acute renal failure.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neurotoxic effect of exposure to low doses of mercury].

OBJECTIVES: To assess early effects on the Central Nervous System due to occupational exposure to low levels of inorganic mercury (Hg) in a multicenter nationwide cross-sectional study, including workers from chloro-alkali plants, chemical industry, thermometer and fluorescent lamp manufacturing. The contribution of non-occupational exposure to inorganic Hg from dental amalgams and to organic Hg from fish consumption was also considered. METHODS: Neuropsychological and neuroendocrine functions were examined in a population of 122 workers occupationally exposed to Hg, and 196 control subjects, not occupationally exposed to Hg. Neuropsychological functions were assessed with neurobehavioral testing including vigilance, motor and cognitive function, tremor measurements, and with symptoms concerning neuropsychological and mood assessment. Neuroendocrine functions were examined with the measurement of prolactin secretion. The target population was also characterized by the surface of dental amalgams and sea fish consumption. RESULTS: In the exposed workers the mean urinary Hg (HgU) was 10.4 +/- 6.9 (median 8.3, geometric mean 8.3, range 0.2-35.2) micrograms/g creatinine, whereas in the control group the mean HgU was 1.9 +/- 2.8 (median 1.2, geometric mean 1.2, range 0.1-33.2) micrograms/g creatinine. The results indicated homogeneous distribution of most neurobehavioral parameters among exposed and controls. On the contrary, finger tapping (p < 0.01) and the BAMT (Branches Alternate Movement Task) coordination test (p = 0.05) were associated with occupational exposure, indicating an impairment in the exposed subjects. Prolactin levels resulted significantly decreased among the exposed workers, and inversely related to HgU on an individual basis (p < 0.05). An inverse association was also observed between most neuropsychological symptoms and sea fish consumption, indicating a "beneficial effect" from eating sea fish. On the contrary, no effects were observed as a function of dental amalgams. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, this study supports the finding of early alterations of motor function and neuroendocrine secretion at very low exposure levels of inorganic Hg, below the current ACGIH BEI and below the most recent exposure levels reported in the literature.

Adult↗