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Biomedical subjects

L Bensoussan

Publications and source records attributed to L Bensoussan.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Influence of treatment with botulinum toxine after stroke to control posture].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate modification of postural control after treatment with botulinum toxine in leg muscles of stroke patients. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of stroke patients who benefitted from injection of botulinum toxine in leg muscles between June 2003 and October 2004. The assessment before and after the injection relied on clinical examination and on posturographic recording on 2 force plates with the patient standing, with eyes open performing or not a double task consisting of an arithmetic test and with eyes closed. We also compared patients to healthy subjects. RESULTS: Eight patients were included in the study. Botulinum toxine injection in the leg muscles significantly decreased the triceps spasticity, with no change in clinical assessment of balance control (Fugl-Meyer scale). The posturographic data show a decrease in the area of centre of pressure displacement in the double-task situation after the injection. CONCLUSION: Thanks to the posturographic recording in the double-task situation, we showed a modification of postural control after treatment with botulinum toxine in leg muscles of stroke patients.

Botulinum Toxins, Type A↗
PubMed2006

Orthopaedic shoes improve gait in a Charcot-Marie-Tooth patient: a combined clinical and quantified case study.

The aim of this study was to assess the extent to which orthopaedic shoes improved gait in a patient with Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease and to show how the latest gait analysis tools available can help to assess and quantify the efficacy of this treatment. The case of a 55-year-old woman with CMT disease is described. She complained mainly of pain and frequent falling. The physical examination and the clinical gait analysis showed the presence of bilateral foot drop, high-stepping and varus. Treatment based on physical therapy and orthopaedic shoes was prescribed. In order to assess the clinical efficacy of the treatment, a complete physical examination was carried out after the patient had been wearing the orthopaedic shoes for one month. The quantified assessment was performed with a Gaitrite system, which can be used to record the spatio-temporal parameters of gait. It was concluded that orthopaedic shoes provide specialists in physical and rehabilitation medicine with an excellent means of treating gait disabilities in patients with CMT disease. With the made-to-measure orthopaedic shoes used, the falling and pain disappeared; the patient's walking speed increased and the foot support base decreased in size. Both the clinical and quantified data confirmed the subjective improvement perceived by the patient. The latest tools available for performing quantified gait analysis in clinical practice provide useful means of objectively assessing the success of treatment.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease↗
PubMed2005

[Isokinetic dynamometer measurement of shoulder rotational strength in healthy elite athletes (swimming, volley-ball, tennis): comparison between dominant and nondominant shoulder].

OBJECTIVE: To compare lateral rotator (LR) and medial rotator (MR) muscle strength of both shoulders in a sport involving asymmetrical movements (tennis), symmetrical movements (swimming), and symmetrical and asymmetrical movements (volley-ball). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 42 healthy elite athletes (18 women: 14 tennis players, 19 swimmers and 9 volleyball players. We evaluated the strength of LR and MR of both shoulders by Cybex Norm isokinetic dynamometer, in the concentric mode, in the modified Davies position, at 2 different speeds (60 degrees and 180 degrees s(-1)) and analysed peak torque of LR and MR and LR/MR ratios. RESULTS: TENNIS: The MR peak torque of the dominant shoulder was significantly higher than that of the non-dominant shoulder. The LR/MR ratio of the dominant shoulder was significantly lower than the non dominant shoulder in women. SWIMMING: The LR strength and LR/MR ratio of the dominant shoulder was higher than the non dominant side in men at 60 degrees/second. Both shoulders showed comparable strength in women. VOLLEYBALL: Shoulder muscular strength was symmetrical. CONCLUSION: The higher strength of MR muscles in the dominant shoulder of tennis players (asymmetrical movements) has been reported in the literature. Athletes show asymmetrical shoulder strength in swimming, a symmetrical sport and similar LR and MR strength in both shoulders in volleyball, a sport with asymmetrical movements. To our knowledge, these results have never been reported before.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Temporal, kinetic and kinematic asymmetry in gait initiation in one subject with hemiplegia].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the temporal, kinetic and kinematic asymmetry of gait initiation in one subject with hemiplegia with an equinus varus foot. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A kinetic analysis with two AMTI force plates and a kinematic analysis with an ELITE optoelectronic system of gait initiation were performed in one subject with hemiplegia. RESULTS: The duration of the gait initiation phases was asymmetrical. The monopodal phase was shorter when the affected lower limb was supporting than when the healthy one was supporting. The propulsion resulted from the force exerted on the healthy lower limb. The distribution of body weight on the lower limbs was asymmetrical. Body weight support was more important on the healthy side than on the affected side. Maximal extension of the ankle on the hemiplegic side occurred during the swing phase. Ground clearance was increased by elevating the knee higher on the affected side than on the healthy side during the swing phase. Initial contact with the floor was performed with the foot flat on the affected side. CONCLUSION: This preliminary study has shown that gait initiation in one subject with hemiplegia was asymmetrical in kinetics and kinematics. The results concerning kinematics have not been reported previously for gait initiation in subjects with hemiplegia. The study of gait initiation should allow for better understanding postural and movement control strategies developed by patients with hemiplegia.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Posture and movement analysis and sports medicine].

The use of posture and movement analysis methods has developed during the past 15 years. These methods are of special interest in the field of sport sciences and have allowed to improve the understanding of physiology of posture and movement in athletes. More recently these methods have been used in the field of sport medicine. In some cases, they have helped to identify abnormalities which cannot be seen on standard clinical examination and to understand the mechanism of lesions occurring during sport activities. For the future these methods should provide useful information for understanding the physiopathology of lesions, for developing prevention of pathologies related to sport and for elaborating and assessing new treatment protocols in the field of sport medicine.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed2004

[Severe bilateral capsulorhexis contraction after cataract surgery in myotonic dystrophy: a case report].

INTRODUCTION: The Authors report the case of a 50-Year-old man with myotonic dystrophy, who developed severe bilateral capsulorhexis contracture after uneventful cataract surgery. OBSERVATION: Phacoemulsification was performed in both eyes with implantation of intraocular lenses. The patient came to complain of decreased vision in both eyes (4/10 Parinaud 4). Visual acuity initially improved after surgery to 8/10 P2 in each eye. After 7 months for the right eye and 3 Months for the left eye, the patient presented with dramatically reduced vision, caused by a severe capsulorhexis contracture. Anterior capsulotomies with the Nd:YAG laser were performed in both eyes to treat this complication. It was sufficient on the left eye but the right eye required a surgical anterior capsulectomy to remove the IOL and the bag and put in an Artisan lens. DISCUSSION: Capsulorhexis contracture results from fibrous metaplasia of lens epithelial cells from the anterior capsule. Myotonic dystrophy appears to predispose to the development of severe capsulorhexis contracture after phacoemulsification.

Capsulorhexis↗
PubMed2003

[Flow cytometric analysis of HLA-DR, IL-6 and IL-8 expression by conjunctival epithelial cells from patients with prolonged topical antiglaucoma treatments].

AIM OF THE STUDY: To investigate the expression of three inflammation markers, HLA-DR, IL-6, and IL-8, by conjunctival epithelial cells obtained using impression cytology (IC) samples from long-term treated glaucoma patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: IC samples were obtained from the 60 following individuals: 45 patients suffering from primary open-angle glaucoma and receiving topical treatments for at least 1 year and 15 subjects with no ophthalmological disease (controls). Membrane expression of HLA-DR and intracellular expression of IL-6 and IL-8 were quantified, respectively, by indirect and direct immunofluorescence techniques. Fluorescence levels were quantified using calibrated fluorescent beads. RESULTS: The percentage of HLA-DR-positive cells was significantly higher on IC samples from multitreated glaucoma patients and from patients treated by either preserved betablocker or preserved prostaglandin analogue than on IC samples from control individuals. Interestingly, the percentage of HLA-DR-positive cells was not significantly increased upon treatment with unpreserved betablocker. However, the percentage of IL-6- and IL-8-positive cells as well as IL-6 and IL-8 expression levels was significantly higher in patients than in controls, regardless of the treatment type and the presence of preservative. A significant positive correlation was found between HLA-DR and cytoplasmic IL-6 expression, between HLA-DR and cytoplasmic IL-8 as well as between IL-6 and IL-8 cytoplasmic expressions. CONCLUSION: The present study confirms that there is an increased expression of HLA-DR in treated glaucoma patients compared to controls and demonstrates that antiglaucoma treatments lead to increased IL-6 and IL-8 expressions. It also indicates that benzalkonium-preserved eyedrops and preserved multitherapy may induce stronger inflammatory responses than do unpreserved eyedrops, although further studies are needed to determine the respective inflammatory role of preservative and therapeutic molecules. In this study, flow cytometry was used to detect the intracellular pro-inflammatory cytokines in conjunctival cells obtained by impression cytology. This standardized and reliable technique was a useful tool to assess inflammatory and allergic ocular surface disorders.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗