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Biomedical subjects

L Bloom

Publications and source records attributed to L Bloom.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Towards an understanding of families with physically disabled adolescents.

This exploratory study examined the family environment of ten families, each with a physically disabled adolescent and at least one non-disabled adolescent. Family members completed the Moos Family Environment Scale (FES) and discussed with the interviewer their experiences as a family. Blind and independent ratings on the FES by social workers involved in the study provided a comparison with the families' self ratings. Family ratings on the FES gave no indication of distress, but showed slightly higher than average emphasis on cohesion and achievement orientation. Social work ratings, in contrast, indicated elevated levels of conflict, achievement orientation, and control. In this report, no attempt is made to generalize these specific findings to all families with disabled adolescents. Rather, results are interpreted, in the light of findings in the recent literature, to underscore the need for better designed research and to alert professionals to the danger of imposing the prevalent dysfunctional view upon families with disabled children and adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Acquisition of complementation.

This study concerns the acquisition of complex sentences with perception and epistemic verbs that take a second verb in their complements. The acquisition of complementation began between two and three years of age in this longitudinal study of four children's spontaneous speech. The results of the study showed that (1) complement types and complementizer connectives and (2) the discourse contexts in which complementation occurred were specific to individual matrix verbs. The most frequent verbs acquired were the perception verbs see and look and the epistemic verbs think and know. Developments in both discourse and syntax indicated that these verbs expressed attitudes of certainty/uncertainty toward the content expressed in their complements. The results are discussed in terms of both linguistic and psychological factors in the acquisition of complex sentences with complementation.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1989

On the developmental contour of child language: a reply to Smith & Weist.

A developmental perspective in child language research begins with a focus on the child and the processes that contribute to change in the child's knowledge of language. Developmental change occurs in an organized, systematic way, with later changes influenced at least in part by developments at an earlier time. The acquisition of tense and aspect provides a relevant example. Data previously published by Weist, Wysocka, Witkowska-Stadnik, Buczowska & Konieczna (1984) are reanalysed here to show, statistically, that children learning Polish are influenced by aspect in acquiring verb tense, just as children are in learning English, Italian, Hebrew, Turkish and other languages. Children beginning to learn verb infections find aspectual contour particularly compelling in leading them to learn tense distinctions.

Cross-Cultural Comparison↗
PubMed1987

Sources of meaning in the acquisition of complex syntax: the sample case of causality.

The study reported here is concerned with how children acquire complex sentences for expressing their beliefs about causally related events, in the transition in language development from simple to complex syntax. Subjects were three girls and four boys, observed longitudinally from 26 to 38 months of age in their homes. Data analysis began with those observations in which each child began to produce causally related propositions without syntactic connectives, and continued until the children were about 3 years old. Two broad categories of causal meaning were expressed in the children's causal statements. Objective meaning concerned means-end and consequence relations that were evidential and fixed in the physical world. Subjective meaning expressed causal connections concerned with personal, affective, or sociocultural beliefs. While most of the children's statements expressed subjective meaning overall, the acquisition of syntactic connectives was associated with objective meaning. These results are discussed in terms of the development of these children's understanding of causality and the acquisition of increasingly complex language.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Adinazolam, a new triazolobenzodiazepine, and imipramine in the treatment of major depressive disorder.

This study evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of a new triazolobenzodiazepine, adinazolam, and imipramine in 40 patients with carefully diagnosed major depressive disorder. Overall, adinazolam was found to be as effective as imipramine. In addition, when patients with more severe, melancholic, subtype of depression were examined, adinazolam was also as effective as imipramine. With the exception of sedation, adinazolam patients demonstrated fewer overall adverse events than imipramine subjects. These results suggest that adinazolam may represent an interesting antidepressant compound.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Heat shock proteins in Aurelia (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa).

Heat shock proteins (hsp) in Aurelia identified by one-dimensional SDS-PAGE are of sizes 93,83,70,68,45, and 39 kD, the most rapidly labeled being hsp 70 in all developmental stages. Labeled hsp in the polyp are found mostly in the epidermis; gastrodermal nuclei are also labeled. The minimum temperature for induction of the proteins is about the same (27 degrees to 28 degrees C), regardless of whether polyps have been cultured at 15 degrees or 24 degrees C. Adults and planulae taken from natural water at 28 degrees C do not show accumulation of hsp 70. Induction of strobilation by raising polyps from 15 degrees to 25 degrees C is not associated with appreciable labeling of hsp. Polyps transferred to higher or lower salinity have decreased protein synthesis but do not synthesize stress proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

An apparatus for making fine-grained measurements of canine eating behavior.

An apparatus for making fine-grained measurements of eating and drinking in dogs is described. Examples of how this computer controlled measurement system can be used to illustrate eating behavior in one- and two-pan tests are given. Also, very fine-grained measurements are illustrated in illustrating a single meal segment and a single water drinking bout.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Behavioural changes following gastric surgery for morbid obesity: a prospective, controlled study.

The authors present results of a prospective, controlled longterm follow-up study of patients undergoing a gastric procedure for morbid obesity. Pre-operatively the gastric surgery group (GS) was compared with a group of normal weighted (NC) and obese (OC) individuals participating in self-help weight reduction groups. The GS group was assessed at 3-months, 6-months and one year or more post-operatively. All groups were examined by a structured self-rating schedule reflecting personal characteristics and family history, current attitudes and experiences related to personal weight, and an extensive exploration of eating habits. Moreover, the groups completed the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), the Katz Adjustment Scale and the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale. The results demonstrated major differences between the GS and the NC and OC groups initially, and at follow-up; the GS demonstrated major weight loss without major psychopathologic reactions. The GS did not show, however, major alterations in eating habits, but clearly showed behavioural change subsequent to weight loss.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Isolation and mapping of a mutation in Escherichia coli with altered levels of ribonuclease H.

A mutant of Escherichia coli with altered levels of ribonuclease (RNase) H was isolated after mutagenesis with ethyl methane sulfonate. A procedure for assaying RNase H in partially purified extracts was used to screen approximately 1,500 colonies for variations in RNase H activity. Confirmation of a lower level of RNase H in the mutant was accomplished by analysis of RNase H in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. By Hfr, F', and P1 transduction mapping, the genetic locus responsible for the lower levels of RNase H was located at 5.1 min on the E. coli chromosome. This mutation (rnh) represents a new locus on the E. coli chromosome. The only phenotypic characteristic of this mutation which has been observed to date is the lower level of RNase H (30% of parental values).

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1979

Persistence in the mouse gut as an important factor in oral immunogenicity of strains of V. cholerae.

The immune responses of mice following oral vaccination with two strains of live V. cholerae have been examined. A strain which persisted in the small intestine was a superior local immunogen by comparison with another non-persisting strain. Local persistence and the ability to induce a local immune response appeared to be correlated, since the two vibrio strains elicited identical responses when given parenterally.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

What, when, and how about why: a longitudinal study of early expressions of causality.

Children's expressions of causality in natural discourse with adults were examined in terms of linguistic, contextual, and pragmatic influences. Specifically, the causal statements, questions, and responses to causal questions of eight 2-3-year-old children were examined in terms of developments in language content, form, and use. With respect to content, the referential and functional uses of causal expressions for both children and adults were to ongoing or imminent situations, with the speaker commenting on his or her intention to act, or requesting the listener to act. The major categories of reference in all three utterance types were negation, direction, and intention. In terms of form, there were (a) increasing use of connectives to link clauses for all the children, and (b) three main patterns of clause order differentiating among the children: cause/effect, effect/cause, and equal use of both orders. The use of expressions of causality developed in the order: child statements less than adult questions less than child responses less than child questions. The relationship of the linguistic context to these developments was found to be one of mutual influence between child and adult. The results are discussed in terms of previous hypotheses concerning (a) causal reasoning (especially those put forth by Piaget, and by Werner & Kaplan in 1963), (b) the relationship between language and conceptual development, (c) the constraints involved in different discourse situations, and (d) variation in child language.

Child Language↗