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Biomedical subjects

L Borges

Publications and source records attributed to L Borges.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Skin pathology in kidney transplant recipients].

Since 1990, 82 unselected renal allograft recipients were evaluated in order to establish the incidence of cutaneous disorders. This pathology was related to the period of immunosuppression according to time of transplantation: 0-3 months; 3-12 months; 12-36 months and beyond 36 months. Most of them were on triple immunosuppression (cyclosporine A, azathioprine and prednisone)--(51); Twenty-two also associated anti-timocyte globulin five days after transplantation; 7 were on Azathioprine and Prednisone and two of them associated Cyclosporine with Prednisone. Iatrogenic manifestations were the most common (80.5%) followed by infections in 63.4% and pre-malignant and malignant cutaneous lesions in 13.4%, other types of manifestations were found in 20.7% of patients. A significant incidence of pre-malignant and malignant lesions confirms other reports, making a dermatological surveillance advisable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

One-stage posterolateral decompression and stabilization for primary and metastatic vertebral tumors in the thoracic and lumbar spine.

During the past decade, anterior approaches to the spine have been shown to be much more effective than laminectomy for the relief of pain and neurological deficits due to vertebral metastases. Laminectomy has failed because it does not allow adequate decompression of epidural lesions anterior to the thecal sac. In an effort to combine the advantages of the posterior approach with an adequate decompression, a one-stage posterolateral decompression-stabilization procedure was performed on nine patients with thoracolumbar spine tumors. The approach has been used for decompression and stabilization after thoracolumbar burst fractures. Marked lasting improvement was seen in all six patients with preoperative neurological deficits and in four patients with severe back pain and/or radiculopathy. Three nonambulators and two marginal ambulators could walk postoperatively without assistance. Of five patients who were working preoperatively, four returned full-time to their prior occupations. Three patients had serious complications, including one early postoperative death. No patient deteriorated neurologically due to the procedure. Although the series is small, it demonstrates that adequate one-stage decompression-stabilization of spinal epidural lesions is possible via the posterolateral approach and should be considered in certain cases as an alternative to the anterior approach.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Cross-clamping the thoracic aorta. Effect on intracranial pressure.

A clinical case is reported indicating that intracranial pressure (ICP) rises with cross-clamping of the thoracic aorta (CCTA) in humans and does not fall if arterial blood pressure (BP) is lowered by nitroprusside. Hantler and Knight (Anesthesiology 1982;56:146-147) also reported a similar case. We investigated this phenomenon prospectively, measuring ICP, aortic arch BP, and right atrial pressure in 10 halothane-anesthetized New Zealand White rabbits ventilated to pH 7.45-7.55. When CCTA was applied, BP and ICP rose significantly (by paired t test, p less than or equal to 0.01), although right atrial pressure did not change. After removal of the cross-clamp and a period of stabilization, BP was elevated to the same level as that attained with CCTA with phenylephrine. Although phenylephrine induced BP elevation, neither ICP nor CVP changed significantly from control or recovery measurements. In six animals, after applying CCTA, BP was lowered to control levels with nitroprusside (in combination with CCTA). Nitroprusside was effective in lowering BP to control level, but ICP remained elevated as long as the cross-clamping continued. With no rise in central venous pressure, venous engorgement is an unlikely mechanism for ICP elevation. Time constants of ICP change are too short to invoke increased cerebral spinal fluid production or decreased absorption. BP does not rise above the expected range for autoregulation, but recruitment of either arterial capacitance vessels or of a neuroreflex arc, or the effects of cord ischemia disrupting cerebral autoregulation may be the cause of an acute increase in cerebral blood volume.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Profiles of NK, NKT cell activation and cytokine production following vaccination against hepatitis B.

Human natural killer (NK) cells (CD56+ CD3-) represent crucial components of the innate immune system especially against viral infections and because their activation can modulate the outcome of the adaptive immune response. NKT cells (CD56+CD3+), a lymphocyte T population characterized by expression of surface markers of NK cells, are known to be abundant in the liver and their activation could be associated with hepatic injury. Using three-color flow cytometry to measure surface receptors and intracellular cytokines, we have explored early activation signals and cytokine production in NK and NKT cells within a group of hepatitis B vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals. A specific increase of the CD56bright cell population, the activation receptor CD69 and IFN-gamma, was observed in NK cells following incubation with recombinant HBsAg in responders to vaccination. Comparable results were observed in NKT cells showing an increment of CD69, CD25, IL-2 and IFN-gamma expression in responder subjects. These parameters were statistically diminished in non-responder individuals (p<0.05) in both groups of cells. These results demonstrate a diminished activation of these cells in non-responders to the vaccine, suggesting that NK and NKT cells play an important role in the immune response following hepatitis B vaccination.

Adult↗