Letter: Squamous cell neoplastic change in patients with vaginal adenosis.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to L Burke.
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In a colposcopic evaluation of DES-related genital abnormalities, biopsy-proven adenosis was detected in the vaginal walls or hood in 84.5% of 220 women. Patient selection (DES history only vs prior examination) did not significantly influence the detection rate for adenosis. However, the detection rate of adenosis in the vaginal walls showed highly significant correlations with the presence of cervical ectopy and/or hood and with the colposcopic appearance of the area biopsied. Using colposcopy, the columnar pattern had a diagnostic accuracy of 94.4%; mosaic pattern, 85.5%; and white appearance, 68.0%. Differences in the histologic features of mucosal surface glandular tissue, squamous metaplasia, and nonglycogenated squamous mucosa were related to specific colposcopic patterns and helped to account for the variation in the accuracy of the three appearances in detecting adenosis. Biopsy specimens of the hood were not necessary to achieve a high yield of adenosis although we obtained evidence that the hood contains microscopic features typical of vaginal adenosis. Epithelial atypicality in the vagina (moderate squamous cell dysplasia) was demonstrated in only 1 patient.
Biopsy-proven vaginal adenosis was found in 88% of a group of 100 asymptomatic young women with known or suspected to have histories of intrautering diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure. Histologic features were roughly quantitated and were found to vary markedly from patient to patient, but the following proved to be the most consistent features: (1) variation in glandular configuration (simple, complex, cystic); (2) the presence of epithelium recapitulating all parts of the müllerian duct system (endocervical, endometrial and tubal); (3) limited involvement of the vaginal mucosa (no surface involvemtn in 23.8% of the patients); (4) extensive squamous metaplasia; (5) submucosal inflammation. There was no glandular dysplasia or coexistent adenocarcinoma. The squamous epithelium in many specimens contained little or no glycogen, and in some manifested cellular activity consistent with a regenerative response to inflammation. Sufficient atypicality to implicate vaginal adenosis as a premalignant lesion was not found in any biopsy specimen.
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Education and training: working Paper 10 (WP10) (Department of Health (DoH), 1989a) may prove to be another example of policy implementation whereby the needs of nurse education will be dominated yet again by service demands for greater resources. Alternatively, there are indications that it could result in the most significant change in nurse education since the 1949 Nurse Registration Act. Over the last 7 years, there has been relatively little discussion about WP10 in the nursing press. The aim of this article, therefore, is to evaluate the impact of WP10 on nurse education, highlighting the reasons for its inception and discussing its main proposals. The author examines the issues that have arisen from its implementation so far, and those which may emerge in the future.