PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L C Callister

Publications and source records attributed to L C Callister.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Nursing support during labor.

This descriptive study replicates and extends the previous work on nursing support during labor. Within 72 hours of giving birth, 88 participants rated 25 selected nursing behaviors on a Likert scale as to their perceived helpfulness, with two open-ended questions for additional comments on helpful nursing behaviors. Nursing behaviors were categorized as emotional, informational, or tangible support. The majority of behaviors considered most helpful were in the emotional support category. Sixteen of the 25 behaviors were considered helpful, with the most helpful behaviors being making the woman feel cared about as an individual, appearing calm and confident, and treating the woman with respect. Findings were consistent with those of a previous study and suggest that, regardless of the pain management used, nurses supporting childbearing women must not only be competent but also use a high degree of interpersonal skills in providing nursing care.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Cultural and spiritual meanings of childbirth. Orthodox Jewish and Mormon women.

This descriptive, phenomenological study investigated the cultural and spiritual meanings of the childbirth experience from the personal perspectives of 30 Canadian Orthodox Jewish and 30 American Mormon women. Fewer Jewish women had childbirth education and attendance of their partners during childbirth than did Mormon women. Participants in the study, having codified belief systems, expressed the primary importance of bearing children in obedience to religious law. Birth was articulated as a bittersweet paradox, often accompanied by a sense of empowerment. Women described the importance of personal connectedness with others and with God, the importance of childbearing, and the spiritual and emotional dimensions of their childbirth experiences. Religious beliefs help women define the meaning of childbirth and may provide coping mechanisms for the intensity of giving birth. It is essential for holistic nurses to value and acknowledge the cultural and spiritual dimensions of the childbirth experience.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

The shifting sands of health care delivery: curriculum revision and integration of community health nursing.

The health care delivery system in the United States is moving from an institutionally driven and controlled medical care model toward the Primary Health Care model described by the Alma-Alta Conference (World Health Organization [WHO], 1978) as community-driven comprehensive health care. However, nursing education still remains institutionally based, anchored in a medical model. Dynamic curricula must be developed that prepare nurses to practice in an ever-changing health care delivery system that is becoming more community based. The purpose of this article is twofold: to provide an overview of the revised curriculum of Brigham Young University's College of Nursing (BYU-CON) as one example of a faculty's attempt to develop a program that prepares graduates skilled in providing health care in the 21st century; and to examine closely the integration of community health nursing into the curriculum.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMed1997

Cultural meanings of childbirth: Muslim women living in Jordan.

This descriptive, ethnographic study focuses on the experience of childbirth for Muslim women living in Jordan. Thirty-two childbearing women were interviewed in the early postpartum weeks. The audiotaped interviews were transcribed and translated. Themes were identified from the rich, narrative data. Motivations for having children, as well as what constitutes the motherhood feeling, were described. Themes also included the importance of relying on God or Allah for support in childbearing and child rearing. A strong sense of the spiritual dimensions of giving birth within women's traditional, religious, and cultural context was identified. Findings from this study provide insight into the meanings of childbirth for Muslim women living in Jordan. These meanings assist nurses in providing culturally competent care.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Cultural perceptions of childbirth: a cross-cultural comparison of childbearing women.

The purpose of this comparative cross-cultural study was to describe the cultural/religious perception of the childbirth experiences of selected childbearing women. Finnish Lutheran women's beliefs and perceptions of childbirth were compared with those of Canadian Orthodox Jewish and American Mormon women. Methodological triangulation was achieved through semistructured, open-ended interviews and use of the Utah Test for the childbearing Year (UTCY). Canadian Orthodox Jewish women showed a significantly higher level of reliance on authority figures to ensure positive outcomes and significantly less active participation in childbirth care decisions. The Finnish Lutheran women showed less valuing of childbearing and childrearing, which may be related to a less active religious belief system and the view by Finnish women that motherhood is only one of a multiplicity of roles viewed as important. There is a need to understand and appreciate the cultural beliefs and values of childbearing women to facilitate more culturally sensitive and holistic nursing care.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Cultural meanings of childbirth.

In no known culture in the world is childbearing treated with indifference. Cultural beliefs about and values associated with childbearing touch all aspects of social life in any given culture. Such beliefs and values lend perspective to the meaning of childbirth to the childbearing woman. Having the opportunity to share the woman's perceptions of the meaning of childbearing may foster the self-actualization, promote maternal role attainment, and improve her relationship with her significant other and enrich the family perspective. Nursing interventions across the childbearing year should be culturally sensitive to promote positive outcomes for the woman and her family.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Beliefs and perceptions of childbearing women choosing different primary health care providers.

The beliefs and perceptions of 60 low-risk childbearing women (n = 60) who had either nurse midwives or obstetricians as health care providers are identified in this descriptive phenomenological study. Interviews were conducted following childbirth, and participants completed the Utah Test for the Childbearing Year, which measures beliefs and perceptions about childbearing. There were no significant demographic differences, or significant differences in fear of childbirth, between groups of women having different providers. Mothers with physician caregivers had significantly higher rates of epidural anesthesia for pain management, higher levels of reliance on others, and less active participation in childbirth care decisions. Mothers with certified nurse midwives as caregivers participated more actively in childbirth care decisions and emphasized the quality of the birth experience. In this sample, differences in the beliefs and perceptions of women choosing different health care providers are identified. The importance of a philosophical fit with care providers and availability of options that are congruent with the individualized needs of childbearing women is evident from the study findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The role of the nurse in childbirth: perceptions of the childbearing woman.

The purpose of this descriptive study was to describe the perceptions of childbearing women regarding the nurse's role during childbirth. A convenience sample of 26 married primiparous mothers experiencing uncomplicated vaginal births participated in interviews conducted within two weeks of childbirth. Descriptive content analyses were completed. Participants expressed satisfaction with nursing care, reporting that they were not aware of how much nurses really do. They described the competence of the nurses, the broad range of skills they possessed, and the high level of responsibility demonstrated. Domains of nursing support identified by these women included: emotional support, information support, and tangible support. This study will promote sensitive caregiving in order to meet more effectively the needs of the childbearing woman, thus promoting more positive childbirth outcomes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Decision making of nurses practicing in intensive care in Canada, Finland, Northern Ireland, Switzerland, and the United States.

In this study, our intention was to describe the decision making of nurses practicing in intensive care, and the differences of nurses' decision making in Canada, Finland, Northern Ireland, Switzerland, and the United States. The instrument used in the study was a 56-item Likert-type questionnaire that has been used in previous studies and has proved to be a reliable tool. The target group comprised a nonrandom sample of nurses (N = 314) from five countries. The samples are not representative; therefore, the results in these cases cannot be generalized. The results showed that the decision making of nurses practicing in intensive care was broadly based, and that there were some country differences in data collection, problem definition, and planning. In contrast, decision making related to the implementation and evaluation of nursing is quite similar in the different countries. Canada and the United States on the one hand, and Finland, Northern Ireland, and Switzerland on the other, showed more similarities with each other in data collection, problem definition, and nursing planning related to decision making. Neither experience nor nurse's knowledge structure was associated with different decision-making approaches.

Canada↗
PubMedDate not supplied

"Enter to learn, go forth to serve": service learning in nursing education.

The Pew Health Professions Commission (1998) has recommended community-based service learning as an integral part of nursing education. Service learning activities in a baccalaureate nursing program with an integrated curricular model are described with a women's health elective used as one example of the integration of service learning with clinical experiences. Based on clinical journal entries, students identified benefits of service learning including (1) a sense of personal satisfaction, (2) professional growth, (3) a higher level of critical thinking skills, (4) preparation for nursing practice in a dynamic and diverse health care delivery system, and (5) an increased awareness of unmet needs in clients, families, communities, and populations. Students are truly engaged because they have the opportunity to apply theoretical concepts in giving service, creating a "capacity for connectedness," and learning social responsibility as professionals.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A description of birth in Finland.

The health care of women and children living in Finland is described. In the Finnish health care delivery system, perinatal health care is family centered, maximizing professional support through use of nurses in the delivery of primary care across the childbearing year and technological interventions are judiciously used based on evidence of efficacy.

Child Health Services↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Giving birth. Perceptions of Finnish childbearing women.

PURPOSE: To describe the lived experience of childbirth with women giving birth in Finland. DESIGN: Phenomenology. METHODS: Twenty Finnish women who had recently given birth were interviewed within 2 weeks following childbirth, sharing their perceptions of meaning of their childbirth experiences. Culturally appropriate strategies for qualitative data collection were employed. Trustworthiness of the data was ensured. RESULTS: The richness and diversity of the childbirth experience emerged from the data. One theme identified was a sense of awe at the creation of a new life within the context of birth as a bittersweet paradox. A strong sense of maternal confidence or self-efficacy was identified, which influenced the women's perception of and management of childbirth pain. Feelings of self-actualization were articulated as Finnish women successfully negotiated a challenging life event. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Perinatal nurses should increase their sensitivity to the socio-cultural context of giving birth by acknowledging women's experiences as legitimate sources of knowledge.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Giving birth: Guatemalan women's voices.

OBJECTIVE: To gain an understanding of the cultural meanings of giving birth for Guatemalan women. DESIGN: Ethnographic, focusing on the birth stories of Guatemalan women and their perceptions of the sociocultural context of childbearing. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Thirty Guatemalan women (15 primiparae and 15 multiparae) of mixed Mayan and Ladino heritage who had given birth to healthy full-term infants were interviewed during the early postpartum weeks. These women lived in small villages in the Sacatepéquez District of Guatemala. These audiotaped interviews were conducted in the Nacional Pedro de Bethancourt Hospital, in clinics, in the homes of the women, or in central plazas. RESULTS: The sociocultural context of giving birth in Guatemala is described, including common beliefs about pregnancy and childbirth and the meaning and significance of having children. The predominant themes found were the sacred nature of childbirth; the need for reliance on God during pregnancy, childbirth, and childrearing; and the bittersweet paradox of giving birth. CONCLUSION: With increasing numbers of Central American refugees and immigrants of childbearing age entering the United States, it is important for nurses to recognize, acknowledge, and respect specific cultural practices related to childbearing.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cochrane pregnancy and childbirth database: resource for evidence-based practice.

The Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth database is an ongoing meta-analysis of evidence documenting effective health care practices for childbearing women and their neonates. It is proving invaluable to nurse educators, researchers, clinicians, and administrators working in a variety of health care delivery settings. Evidence-based nursing practice that is safe and effective can enhance rather than overpower pivotal and celebratory life events such as childbirth.

Databases, Bibliographic↗