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Biomedical subjects

L C Maguire

Publications and source records attributed to L C Maguire.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Booster effect in delayed hypersensitivity skin testing.

After a pilot study had suggested that a drug augmented delayed hypersensitivity, we conducted a control study in which 19 normal volunteers had the same skin test battery applied as in the pilot study, on two occasions one month apart with no intervening treatment. No change was observed in delayed hypersensitivity response to PPD, Candida, or tetanus antigens. However, a significant decrease in response to mumps antigen was observed, and there was a marked "booster" or augmented response to SKSD antigen. These observations have implications for studies of immunomodulation and the mechanism of action of delayed hypersensitivity response.

Antigens↗
PubMed1985

Failure of cimetidine as an immunomodulator in cancer patients and normal subjects.

Our pilot study of cimetidine as an immunomodulator in cancer patients showed no effect at clinically used doses on total blood, neutrophil, lymphocyte, or monocyte count, quantitative immunoglobulin, percentage of E-rosetting cells, phytohemagglutinin responses or delayed hypersensitivity responsiveness. We concluded that in clinically used doses, cimetidine produces no significant immunomodulation either in vivo or in vitro.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Long-term relapse-free survival in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

An intensive treatment program with curative intent was designed for adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Forty-eight consecutive patients were treated with this protocol and 39 (81%) obtained a complete remission. Although the complete remission rate was high for patients with both null- and T-cell disease, those with null-cell leukemia had a significantly greater median duration of remission (greater than 306 weeks) than patients with T-cell disease (62 weeks). The median survival by life-table analysis for the 48 patients is projected to be greater than 310 weeks, and five patients have finished the 3-year treatment program and have been off therapy for 1-3 years without recurrence of disease. Classification of adult ALL by immune marker status is an important and easily done pretherapy maneuver that identifies subsets of patients with a significantly different prognosis when treated with the protocol described in this study. Those patients for whom leukemic cells had T-cell characteristics had a short median duration of remission. Most importantly, this treatment protocol identifies by therapeutic response a subset of adult patients with ALL whose leukemic blasts are characterized by the absence of immunological markers and who appear, in substantial proportion, to be potentially curable.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1979

Fertility and cancer therapy.

With increased survival of increasing numbers of cancer patients as a result of therapy, the consequences, early and late, of the therapies must be realized. It is the treating physician's duty to preserve as much reproductive potential as possible for patients, consistent with adequate care. With radiotherapy this means shielding the gonads as much as possible, optimal but not excessive doses and fields, oophoropexy, or sperm collection and storage prior to irradiation. With chemotherapy it means the shortest exposure to drugs consistent with best treatment and prior to therapy the collection and storage of sperm where facilities are available. At present this is still an experimental procedure. Artificial insemination for a couple when the male has received cancer therapy is another alternative. Finally, it is the responsibility of physicians caring for patients with neoplasms to be knowledgeable about these and all other effects of therapy so that patients may be counseled appropriately and understand the implications of therapy for their life.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1979

Phase II study of cis-dischlorodiammineplatinum(II) in stage IVB Hodgkin's disease.

A broad phase II study of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) was conducted. Eight patients with stage IVB Hodgkin's disease were studied. Four of these patients attained an objective partial remission of 7--19+ weeks' duration. The usual time to the occurrence of a greater than 25% response was 1 week. This drug is active in far-advanced Hodgkin's disease with a projected lower limit of response rate from 19% to 21%.

Cisplatin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of combined platelet and leukapheresis on the blood coagulation system.

Analysis of blood coagulation was done on samples of blood collected from ten donors undergoing combined platelet and leukapheresis using the Haemonetics Model 30 Blood Processor. Blood samples were obtained from the donors prior to, during, and following pheresis. Blood was also obtained from the blood-return line after the first collection of leukocytes and platelets, but before it was returned to the donor. Although the citrate anticoagulant was returned to the donor and there were some decreases in the concentrations of fibrinogen, platelets, and factors V and VIII, there were no changes of sufficient degree to suggest that development of a potential bleeding disorder. In addition there was no evidence to suggest that any activation of blood coagulation occurred during the pheresis or that thrombogenic substances were returned to the donors. Combined platelet and leukapheresis using the Haemonetics Model 30 Blood Processor, therefore, do not appear to subject the donor to risks for either bleeding or thrombotic complications.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Properties of neutrophils collected by discontinuous-flow centrifugation leukapheresis employing hydroxyethyl starch.

The properties of neutrophils, collected by discontinuous-flow centrifugation leukapheresis in the presence of hydroxyethyl starch and citrate were studied in an attempt to insure that cells harvested in this fashion are suitable for transfusion. Neutrophils obtained from leukocyte units prepared for transfusion by leukapheresis were found to perform similarly to those isolated from the venous blood of corresponding donors prior to the pheresis procedures when assessed by morphology, viability, hexose monophosphate shunt activity, superoxide anion generation, nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction, chemiluminescence, adherence to nylon fibers, random mobility, chemotaxis and staphylococcal killing. The results compared favorably with values previously established for healthy control subjects. Neutrophils prepared in this manner should serve as a satisfactory blood component.

Centrifugation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Combined platelet-leukapheresis: a technique for preparing separate platelet and granulocyte-platelet units from single donors.

One donor can provide separate platelet and granulocyte-platelet units that have the potential to fulfill the needs of two recipients. Combined platelet and leukapheresis were performed in the presence of hyddroxyethyl starch and citrate employing the Haemonetics Model 30 Blood Separator. Platelets and granulocytes were separated subsequently by centrifugation and two individual units were prepared for transfusion. The platelet units contained a mean of 4.4 x 10(11) platelets/unit and were nearly devoid of leukocytes. The combined granulocyte-platelet units contained a mean of 7.38 x 10(9) neutrophils/unit and 3.06 x 10(11) platelets/unit. Thus two separate units containing sufficient numbers of cells for transfusion can be obtained from pheresis of one donor.

Blood Donors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Platelet function in donors undergoing intermittent-flow centrifugation plateletpheresis or leukapheresis.

Platelet dysfunction and prolonged bleeding have been seen in man when glucose polymer solutions, such as dextran, are used to volume replacement. Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is a glucose polymer slightly different from dextran, which is used as a sedimenting agent in leukapheresis procedures. This controlled study was performed to evaluate the effect of HES on platelet function in centrifugation leukapheresis donors. Plateletpheresis using the same machines and techniques but without HES was the control. Platelet function was assessed by bleeding time, platelet count, adhesiveness to glass beads and aggregation to collagen, epinephrine and several concentrations of ADP, before and after the pheresis procedures. Except for a decrease in platelet count after both procedures, no other major changes in platelet function were seen. After one exposure in previously unpheresed donors, HES does not induce platelet dysfunction.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Glucose therapy of recurrent lactic acidosis.

Lactic acidosis not associated with hypoxic states has a high morbidity and mortality. Treatment of this condition has been supportive and the etiology poorly understood. We report a case of recurrent lactic acidosis in a patient with renal and hepatic insufficiency with hypoglycemia which was repeatedly reversed by restoring the glucose concentration to normal. This case and several others in the literature suggest a mechanism for the development of type II B hyperlactatemia and new approaches for therapy.

Acidosis↗