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Biomedical subjects

L Cédard

Publications and source records attributed to L Cédard.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Are pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and CA 125 measurements after IVF-ET possible predictors of early pregnancy wastage?

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), a macromolecular glycoprotein of placental origin, was reported to be depressed in established ectopic pregnancies. CA 125 is a known marker for ovarian cancer found to be elevated during the first trimester of pregnancy and in women with pelvic inflammatory disease. The present study investigated the usefulness of these parameters to predict the outcome of pregnancy in asymptomatic patients with a positive pregnancy test after in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Blood samples (n = 159) were obtained at different periods of time post-ET from 39 women, 21 of whom experienced a normal pregnancy, 12 had an intrauterine abortion and six had an ectopic pregnancy. PAPP-A and CA 125 were measured by radioimmunoassays. From day 30 onwards in normal pregnancies, PAPP-A was significantly increased over non-pregnant controls. In the spontaneous abortion group, the levels of PAPP-A were significantly lower than in normal pregnancy but higher than in non-pregnant controls. In ectopic pregnancy, PAPP-A remained at the level of non-pregnant controls throughout the entire observation period. CA 125 was significantly increased in all types of pregnancy. However, in two cases of hyperstimulation followed by a normal pregnancy and in four cases of ectopic pregnancy with signs of peritoneal irritation (hydrosalpinx, ruptured ectopic or salpingitis) the levels of CA 125 were 15-50 times higher than in normal pregnancies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1989

Plasma levels of SP1-like immunoreactive material (SP1) and progesterone throughout pregnancy and following RU 486-induced early abortion in the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis).

A human-SP1 immunoassay was used to detect SP1-like material (SP1) in the plasma of cynomolgus monkeys. In 27 females remaining non-pregnant during a mating period of 4 months, SP1 was occasionally detected at a mean concentration of 2.5 ng/ml. In 14 non-pregnant females of subsequent proven fertility, SP1 was detected 20 days following unfertile mating at a mean concentration of 4.8 ng/ml in 86% of cycles. At day 20 of proven pregnancies, SP1 was at 12 ng/ml in 93% of these animals. SP1 levels during pregnancy increased in two steps, a slow rise between days 20 and 50, followed by an abrupt rise between days 50 and 60 and afterwards a plateau at 600 ng/ml. Seven other pregnant monkeys received 10 mg/kg of the antiprogestin RU 486 at 28 days. Four aborted and the others continued their gestation. SP1 was always dramatically depressed by this treatment; in animals with abortion failure, it remained at a low concentration for 3 months, then the normal concentration range was recovered. The assay of SP1-like material does not allow early diagnosis of pregnancy, however, it remains interesting as a follow-up parameter after 60 days. Also, antiprogestins appear to be useful tools to analyse the metabolism of SP1.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1986

[Prenatal diagnosis of neural tube defects. Value of electrophoresis of cholinesterases].

Cholinesterase electrophoresis was performed in 802 amniotic fluids and its value in the detection of neural tube defects was compared with those of ultrasonography and amniotic fluid alpha-foetoprotein levels. Cholinesterase electrophoresis confirmed the ultrasonic diagnosis in 51 cases of neural tube abnormality and made it possible to diagnose neural tube defect in 6 other cases which had remained undetected by ultrasound and by alpha-foetoprotein level measurements. When our technique is used before the 28th week of gestation, false-positive results concern abnormalities which are easily detected by ultrasound (omphalocele, Bonnevie-Ullrich syndrome, sacrococcygeal tumour). We did not observe any false-negative result.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1979

[Stimulation of G-6-P independent glycogen synthase activity in the human placenta].

In immature human placentas, the activity of the I (glucose-6-phosphate-independent) form of glycogen synthase is significantly increased by insulin, glucose and by both compounds associated. In full-term placentas, the same kind of results has been found in each organ studied; due to the great variability observed in synthetase I control activities, the stimulation is significant only in the presence of insulin.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1979

[Placental sulfatase deficiency and sex-linked recessive ichthyosis. Two cases found in two sisters (author's transl)].

The diagnosis of placental sulfatase deficiency was made at the same time in two sisters who were pregnant. This is the first case history reported of two women who were carriers of this abnormality and who were linked by parentage. The inborn error of metabolism was able to be found in its post-natal state in two of the sons of one of the women in the form of retention cutaneous ichthyosis of a sex-linked type.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The lecithin-sphynogomyelin ratio in the amniotic fluid in insulin dependent diabetic pregnancies].

A delay in the pulmonary maturation of the foetus of diabetic mothers assessed by the lecithin-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio has been reported (2, 3, 5). A suggestion has been raised that the results of the L/S ratio should be viewed with caution in predicting lung maturity in pregnancies complicated by maternal diabetes (8). We report our findings on 52 insulin-dependent diabetic pregnancies which involved 90 estimations of the L/S ratio on the amniotic fluid. In all cases, the L/S ratio accurately reflected lung maturity, as no hyaline membrane disease (HMD) was observed with a L/S ratio greater than 2. There was no significant difference in the proportion of mature fetal lung between insulin-dependent diabetics and controls for each week of pregnancy between 32 and 38 weeks. There is no statistical difference in the mature L/S ratio between classes B + C and D + F diabetics.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hydramnios and fetal malformations. Use of estimating the level of alpha-fetoprotein and of bilirubin in the amniotic fluid during the last trimester of pregnancy (author's transl)].

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels in amniotic fluid have been measured by electro-immunodiffusion methods in the last trimester of pregnancy. 122 samples have been taken by abdominal amniocentesis during 58 pregnancies without hydramnios and 51 pregnancies with hydramnios. The level of AFP was always less than 1.2 mcg/ml when the children were normal in the latter group. On the other hand levels were higher than 1.2 mcg/ml in 17 out of 19 abnormal children. These had 5 neural tube abnormalities, 1 hydrocephalus, 3 duodenal atresias, 1 oesophageal atresia, 1 hare lip, 1 omphalocoele and 5 different malformations. The two abnormal children who had levels of AFP within normal limits were hydrocephalic. The diagnostic value of measuring bilirubinaemia which was also measured in 22 cases has been demonstrated.

Amniocentesis↗