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Biomedical subjects

L Chabanne

Publications and source records attributed to L Chabanne.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

"Dendritic cells in different animal species: an overview".

The comprehension of the immune system and the role of DC in the pathological diseases may contribute to their use in veterinary medicine in the prevention and treatment of many diseases. Currently, most dendritic cell (DC) research occurs in the human and murine model systems on the generation of cells from the bone marrow or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) cultured in vitro. Despite the lack of available immunological reagents such as antibodies and cytokines, analogous cells have been generated and identified in many different species and reviewed in this study.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Factors associated with upper respiratory tract disease caused by feline herpesvirus, feline calicivirus, Chlamydophila felis and Bordetella bronchiseptica in cats: experience from 218 European catteries.

A full history of the management practices and the prevalence of upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) at 218 rescue shelters, breeding establishments and private households with five or more cats was recorded. Oropharyngeal and conjunctival swabs and blood samples were taken from 1748 cats. The prevalences of feline herpesvirus (FHV), feline calicivirus (FCV), Chlamydophila felis and Bordetella bronchiseptica were determined by PCR on swab samples. An ELISA was applied to determine the prevalence of antibodies to B. bronchiseptica. The rates of detection by PCR of each pathogen in the cats in catteries with and without ongoing URTD were, respectively, FHV 16 per cent and 8 per cent; FCV 47 per cent and 29 per cent; C. felis 10 per cent and 3 per cent; and B. bronchiseptica 5 per cent and 1.3 per cent; the seroprevalences of B. bronchiseptica were 61 per cent and 41 per cent, respectively. There was evidence that FHV, FCV and B. bronchiseptica played a role in URTD. The risk factors associated with the disease were less than excellent hygiene, contact with dogs with URTD, and larger numbers of cats in the cattery or household.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

High-grade canine T-cell lymphoma/leukemia with plasmacytoid morphology: a clinical pathological study of nine cases.

The aim of this study is to determine the clinical, morphological, and immunophenotypical presentation of 9 cases of a particular type of canine T-cell lymphoma/leukemia. The morphological presentation was a diffuse infiltration of small, medium-sized, or large blast cells with eccentric nuclei, hyperbasophilic cytoplasm, and a juxtanuclear, pale cytoplasmic area, giving a plasmacytoid appearance and suggesting a B-cell morphology. Surprisingly, all 9 cases were of T-cell phenotype (CD3+). Among the 7 immunophenotyped cases, 4 were CD4-/CD8+, 2 CD8+/CD4+, and 1 CD4+/CD8-. The median Ki-67 index was 65.7%, which placed this lymphoma in the high-grade group. This type of lymphoma/leukemia was found in dogs between 1 and 11 years of age, with a median age of 5.8. The male-female ratio was 0.8 for a reference population of 1.04. The most significant clinical findings were lymphadenopathy either generalized or localized in all cases, a mediastinal mass in 4 cases, bone marrow involvement in 7 cases, hypercalcemia in 4 cases, along with an aggressive clinical course and a poor response to chemotherapy in all cases, with a median disease-free survival time of 3 months.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Canine T-cell lymphomas: a morphological, immunological, and clinical study of 46 new cases.

The aim of this study is to report 46 new cases of canine T-cell lymphomas among a series of 140 lymphomas studied by immunophenotyping (incidence 32.8%). According to the updated Kiel classification adapted to the canine species, 13 were classified as low-grade and 33 as high-grade lymphomas. Among the low-grade lymphomas, five were small clear-cell lymphomas, three were pleomorphic small-cell lymphomas, and five mycosis fungoides. Among the high-grade cases, there were 11 pleomorphic mixed-, small-, and large-cell lymphomas, 6 pleomorphic large-cell lymphomas, 11 lymphoblastic lymphomas, and 5 unclassifiable high-grade plasmacytoid lymphomas. The cytohistologic features were highly suggestive of a T-cell phenotype on the basis of cell morphology (irregular nuclei and clear cytoplasms) (30/46 cases), a T-cell zone pattern, and the presence of hyperplastic postcapillary venules (22/46 cases). All 46 cases were CD3+ CD79a-, and among 34 cases investigated for CD4 and CD8 expression, 13 were CD4+CD8-, 13 were CD8+CD4-, and 8 were CD4CD8 double positive or double negative. The pleomorphic mixed lymphomas were mainly CD4+CD8- (6/7) and the lymphoblastic lymphomas were double positive or double negative (6/8). The main clinical, hematologic, and biochemical features were generalized (28/46) or regional lymphadenopathy (16/46), hepatosplenomegaly (15/46), extranodal involvement (11/46), mediastinal mass (9/46), and leukemia (8/46), which were mainly present in cases of lymphoblastic lymphomas and hypercalcemia (16/46).

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Atypical forms of canine leishmaniosis.

Canine leishmaniosis is a common disease in the Mediterranean area, but sporadic cases in dogs having travelled through endemic regions are also reported. The disease's evolution is usually chronic and symptoms are either non-specific (fever, weight loss, lethargy, enlarged lymph nodes), dermatological, renal or ocular. The purpose of this article is to review the literature and to describe our own experience of certain atypical forms of canine leishmaniosis. These include specific skin lesions, monoclonal gammopathy, renal failure (without any other signs), chronic colitis, haemostatic problems and disorders of the cardiovascular, respiratory and musculo-skeletal systems.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Clinical applications of flow cytometry and cell immunophenotyping to companion animals (dog and cat).

Clinical applications of flow cytometry to certain diseases of the dog and cat are now possible. The utility of such applications for diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up are illustrated here by a number of examples: feline AIDS resulting from FIV infection, Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency in Irish setters, deep pyoderma in German shepherds, Immune-mediated Thrombocytopenia, canine Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Leishmaniasis, Leukemia and Lymphoma.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2000

Canine large granular lymphocyte leukemia and its derived cell line produce infectious retroviral particles.

We describe a case of large granular lymphocyte (LGL) leukemia in a dog that we followed over a period of 2 years. Analysis of a hematological profile revealed lymphocytosis (19,500 lymphocytes per microliter; reference values, 1,000-4,800 lymphocytes per microliter), with a majority of LGL on the blood smear. LGL is defined as a lymphoid subset comprising 10% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and corresponding to either CD3- CD8- NK cells or CD3+ CD8+ T cells. The cells are characterized by abundant basophilic cytoplasm containing distinct granules of variable size and number. The characteristic phenotype of our leukemic LGL is of a cytotoxic T cell, CD3+ and CD8+. A new cell line, DLC 02, was established from the peripheral lymphocytes of the leukemic dog. Particles with type C retroviral morphology were found in ultrathin sections of DLC 02 cell pellets. These particles were found to have a sucrose gradient density of 1.17 g/liter and a reverse transcriptase activity with an Mn2+ preference, suggesting that they correspond to a mammalian type C oncovirus.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Characterization of a canine long-term T cell line (DLC 01) established from a dog with Sézary syndrome and producing retroviral particles.

The canine DLC 01 cell line derives from a lymph node of a dog with Sézary syndrome. The DLC 01 cell phenotype is CD4-, CD8+, CD45+, DQ+, similar to that of original cells after treatment with dimethylsulfoxide or phorbol myristate. Canine cutaneous T cell lymphoma are usually CD4-, CD8+ in contrast to their human counterparts which are CD4+, CD8-. Therefore, the DLC 01 cell line appears to be a unique model to study the mechanism of all surface molecule expression in vitro. Viral particles with retrovirus type-C morphology were found in ultrathin sections of DLC 01 cell pellets. Retroviral particles are spontaneously produced after the 50th cell passage or after induction with 0.5% dimethylsulfoxide. This is the first description of a dog lymphoid cell line spontaneously growing and producing a retrovirus. It was found to share several features in common with feline and murine leukemia viruses.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Specific IgG1 and IgG2 antibody and lymphocyte subset levels in naturally Leishmania infantum-infected treated and untreated dogs.

Peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations and specific IgG1 and IgG2 antibody levels were studied in 14 dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum using flow cytometry and ELISA. Six dogs (Group 1) were asymptomatic, and received no treatment. Samples from this group were collected from D0 to D180. The other eight dogs (Group 2) showed clinical symptoms, and were treated with Glucantime (from D0 to D40), with samples being collected from D0 to D90. Twenty-two healthy dogs were used as a control group (Group 3). The results demonstrated changes in the lymphocyte subsets, as well as a decrease in humoral and cellular immunity, in the infected dogs. Analysis of the B-cell populations of Groups 1 and 2 showed a striking reduction in the number of CD21+ cells. There was also a reduction in the CD5+, CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell populations. Drug therapy was found to partly restore the lost immunity, essentially the cell-mediated immunity. Both IgG1- and IgG2- specific antibodies were detected in sera from the fourteen infected dogs, but the IgG2 subclass appeared to be predominant. A significant decrease in the level of IgG2 antibodies was observed in treated and untreated dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Cytohistological and immunological classification of canine malignant lymphomas: comparison with human non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) in man are on the increase. They are also common in dogs, which, as close companions of man, may constitute a useful experimental model. However, comparisons cannot be made without a reliable morphological and immunological classification of canine NHL. Canine NHLs (n = 134) were classified on the basis of fine-needle lymph-node aspirates according to the Kiel classification, and 92 were re-classified according to the Working Formulation and the updated Kiel classification, in a histological and immunological study. The immunophenotype was determined (1) in 92 cases by the use of the pan-T anti-CD3 polyclonal antibody and the pan-B anti-mb1 monoclonal antibody on paraffin wax-embedded tissue sections, and (2) in 47 cases by the use of a panel of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies on fresh preparations and frozen tissue. Cytological analysis showed a predominance of high-grade lymphomas (73.9%) over low-grade lymphomas (26.1%); it also demonstrated forms not reported in other species (small-cell variants, lymphomas with macronucleolated medium-sized cells [MMCs], and polymorphic lymphomas with a centroblastic component). Histological examination revealed the rarity of follicular lymphomas (2.2% of cases), an appearance suggestive of T-cell neoplasia (8.7% of cases), and evidence that some MMC lymphomas originated in the marginal perifollicular zones. Some (26%) of the lymphomas were of the T-cell phenotype: the majority of these consisted of small-cell, low-grade lymphomas and mycosis fungoides, the rest being either high-grade pleomorphic lymphomas (mixed or large-cell) or, rarely, high-grade, small noncleaved-cell, plasmacytoid lymphomas. No lymphoma expressed a double (T and B) phenotype. This study revealed similarities with, but also notable differences from, human NHL. In particular, the MMC lymphomas may constitute an interesting equivalent of human marginal zone B-cell lymphomas.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Growth fractions in canine non-Hodgkin's lymphomas as determined in situ by the expression of the Ki-67 antigen.

The proportion of proliferating cells in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) as determined in situ by the expression of the Ki-67 antigen, has prognostic value in human oncology, and is strongly related to the different grades of malignancy. The evaluation of the Ki-67 index in canine NHLs may be useful in assessing the individual variability of the growth fraction in the different sub-types of lymphoma, and also the validity of the classification in terms of grade of malignancy. The growth fraction was evaluated in 92 canine NHLs, previously classified according to the Kiel classification (as adapted to the canine species), by determining the expression of the Ki-67 antigen with the MIB1 antibody on (1) paraffin-wax tissue sections in all 92 cases, and (2) fine-needle aspirates or tumour imprints in 30 cases. The labelling appeared satisfactory in 88% of the cases, with good concordance between the histological and cytological data. A highly significant correlation (P < 0.001) was established between the proportion of Ki-67+ cells and the classification into low-grade (Ki-67 index < 21%) and high-grade malignancy (Ki-67 index > 21% and usually > 29%). In the low-grade lymphoma group, a macronucleolated medium-sized-cell lymphoma not found in man had the lowest proliferation index. In the high-grade malignancy group, the number of Ki-67+ cells seemed to be proportional to cell size, whatever the phenotype, with the rare exceptions of some unclassifiable small-cell Burkitt-type or plasmacytoid lymphomas, which were highly proliferating. The classification of lymphomas into low-grade and high-grade appears to correlate well with their proliferative index. The existence of individual variations, within given categories of canine NHL, suggests that, as in human medicine, prognosis may be assisted by determining the growth fraction at initial diagnosis, and by fine-needle aspiration at relapses.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Immunophenotype of the canine transmissible venereal tumour.

The canine transmissible venereal tumour is a naturally occurring contagious round-cell neoplasia which is primarily located in the mucous membrane of the external genitalia in dogs of either sex. In order to specify the controversial cytogenetic origin of this round-cell tumour, 14 cases of canine transmissible venereal tumour, formalin- or Bouin-fixed and paraffin-embedded, were subjected to extensive immunophenotypic analysis using reagents specific to a variety of cytoplasmic or surface antigens: lysozyme, ACM1 antigen, vimentin, neuron-specific enolase, glial fibrillary acidic protein, desmin, alpha smooth muscle actin, CD3, IgG, kappa and lambda light chains, and keratin. Lysozyme immunoreactivity was detected in all cases, ACM1 antigen in 11 of 14, neuron-specific enolase in 11 of 14, vimentin in 10 of 14, glial fibrillary acidic protein in 4 of 14 and desmin in 1 of 14. All the sections were negative to keratins, alpha smooth muscle actin and CD3, whereas in five cases, perivascular tumour cells contained Ig G, kappa and lambda light chains. The immunoreactivity to lysozyme and ACM1 antigen supports the hypothesis of a histiocytic immunophenotype for the canine transmissible venereal tumour.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Lymphocyte subset abnormalities in canine leishmaniasis.

Peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations were studied in 42 Leishmania infantum-infected dogs using flow cytometry. Twenty-two healthy dogs were used as a control group. Analysis of the B-cell populations showed a reduction in the number of CD21+ cells in all the infected dogs. On the other hand, the disease was found to be associated with a striking decrease in the number of CD21+ cells and of T-lymphocyte CD4+ cells in comparison with asymptomatic dogs and with healthy dogs. This study suggests that the dysimmunity which is observed with leishmaniasis may be linked to a reduced number of T-lymphocyte CD4+ cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical, morphologic and immunophenotypic data based on 10 cases of canine muco-cutaneous epidermotropic T-lymphoma (analogous to Mycosis Funcgoïde). Important of an animal model of spontaneous pathology].

Our serie of ten canine cutaneous epitheliotropic T-cell lymphomas (CTCL), is found in old dogs, belonging mainly to the Boxer breed. Site on the mucous membranes (especially buccal), the muco-cutaneous junctions, their clinical expression is polymorphous. Lesions, follow on one after another (erythema, plaques, nodules) and are diversely associated in a given animal, the borders between the different stages often being difficult to establish. Adenopathies noted at the time of the diagnosis or during the course of the condition are accompanied by an involvement of the blood and organs (analogous to Sézary's disease). The progression of the disease can be very rapid in the buccal forms, which are generally aggressive, and in cases of violent, uncontrollable pruritus, which may be disturbing for the owner (with requests for euthanasia). The neoplastic infiltrate is constituted of small lymphocytes with hyperchromatic, convoluted nuclei (incipient stages), then large cells with a "histiocytic" appearance for the nodules. Epitheliotropism, which is maximal for the infiltrated plaque stage, shows up either in the form of a flux of totally epitheliotropic isolated cells (Ketron-Goodman type) or in that of Pautrier abscess-like collections. THe veterinary literature is in agreement that the CTCL cell expresses CD3, but two recent studies are in contradiction as regards its membership of helper or cytotoxic/suppressor populations. For our 10 cases, all the cells of lymphocytic morphology were, without exception, CD3+ and CD45+, irrespective of their situation within the epithelium or the chorion. The CD3+ cells in the epithelium were systematically CD8+, CD4- (confirming P.F. Moore's observations), expressing CD5 in a variable way, and, mostly, the Ki-67 nuclear proliferation Ag. The CD3+ cells of the chorion were exclusively, or mainly, CD8+, and occasionally CD4+. They expressed CD5 in a variable way, and, for a minority, the Ki-67 nuclear proliferation Ag. On the pathogenic level, it may be suggested that a T clone, CD8+, undergoes the "homing" phenomenon within the epithelium, enters the cell cycle, then manifests a tropism towards the chorion, which it infiltrates. Despite some particularities, which may be clinical (serious mucous attacks), cytological (the "histiocytic" appearance of the nodule cells) or immunophenotypic (expression of CD8, similar to what is observed in man in a considerable number of Pagetoid reticulosis), CTCL constitutes an interesting model of spontaneous pathology, and could prove useful in: - identifying various etiological factors (given that the dog, as a close commensal of man, is subject to the same environmental factors).

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Lymphocyte subset abnormalities in German shepherd dog pyoderma (GSP).

Peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations were studied in 12 German shepherd dogs suffering from deep pyoderma (GSP). Twelve other healthy but matched dogs were used as controls. GSP was found to be associated with an imbalance in the CD4 and CD8 subsets (respectively 37.3 +/- 8.7% and 28.6 +/- 6.6%, as compared to 47.5 +/- 8.8% and 19.3 +/- 4.0% in the controls). The activation markers were not affected by GSP. Moreover, analysis of the B-cell populations showed a striking decrease in the level of CD21 cells (5.5 +/- 3.3% of CD21+ lymphocytes, compared to 12.2 +/- 6.0 in the controls). This study suggests that the immunological imbalance observed in GSP may be associated with defective helper cells, and provides further evidence that dogs suffering from GSP are not immunologically normal reactors.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

An original perifollicular zone cell in the canine reactive lymph node: a morphological, phenotypical and aetiological study.

In this study of 109 canine reactive lymph nodes, the perifollicular zone (PZ) cell was characterized by cytological, histological, immunocytochemical and electron microscopical techniques. The PZ cell was always found in association with plasma cell hyperplasia. Its main cytological characteristics were medium size, fine chromatin and a large central prominent nucleolus with a small amount of pale cytoplasm. It was located in a clearly recognizable PZ surrounding the follicles; this zone was particularly well developed at the capsular pole of the lymph node. Electron microscopical findings indicated a poorly differentiated cell. Immunolabelling indicated a CD3-, cIg-, Ki-67- immunophenotype, suggesting a resting B cell. These results suggest that the PZ cell belongs either to a post-follicular stage between large immunoblasts and plasma cells or, as is more likely, to a pre-follicular lymphoid subpopulation occurring early in the B-cell differentiation scheme, as with most human marginal zone (MZ) cells. Its high frequency of occurrence in reactive lymph nodes in mammary tumour lymphadenopathies, systemic lupus erythematosus and leishmaniasis, suggests that the PZ cell has a special role in the canine immune response, or perhaps in the arrested maturation of the normal developmental process.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Autoantibodies to histone, DNA and nucleosome antigens in canine systemic lupus erythematosus.

Dogs can develop systemic lupus erythematosus syndromes that are clinically similar to those seen in humans. In contrast, previous observations suggest differences in their autoantibody reactivity patterns against histones and DNA which are components of the nucleosome in chromatin. The objective of this study was to assess comprehensively the levels of autoantibodies against histone, DNA and nucleosome antigens in a population of lupus dogs. The specificities of antibodies in lupus and control dog sera were determined using IgM- and IgG-specific reagents in an ELISA against a variety of chromatin antigens. When compared with control sera, IgG antibodies to individual histones H1, H2A, H3 and H4 were significantly higher in the lupus group. In contrast, we did not detect IgG antibodies specific for H2B, H2A-H2B, DNA, H2A-H2B-DNA or nucleosome in lupus dogs. There was no significant increase in any of the IgM specificities tested. Therefore, the reactivity pattern to nucleosome antigens in canine lupus is restricted to IgG antibodies against individual histones H1, H2A, H3 and H4. This stands in contrast with human and murine lupus, where autoantibodies are directed against a wide variety of nucleosomal determinants, suggesting that unique mechanisms lead to the expansion of anti-histone antibody clones in canine lupus. The high incidence of glomerulonephritis in dog lupus suggests that anti-DNA antibodies are not required for the development of this complication, whereas IgG anti-histone antibodies may be relevant to its pathogenesis.

Animals↗