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L Corboz

Publications and source records attributed to L Corboz.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Isolation of Corynebacterium diphtheriae subsp. belfanti from a cow with chronic active dermatitis].

Diphtheria is an acute communicable disease of man caused by C. diphtheriae. Pharyngeal and cutaneous forms are described, where from both toxigenic and nontoxigenic strains can be isolated. The occurrence of C. diphtheriae in dairy cattle has already been reported in the past. The pathogens were isolated from ulcerated teats and from the milk of cows with mastitis as well. These animals were considered to play a role in the transmission of the disease to man. This paper describes the isolation and characterization of C. diphtheriae in a 4 years old cow with generalized, partly ulcerative and purulent skin lesions. Bacteriological examination revealed the presence of very numerous corynebacterium-like organisms, which were characterized as C. diphtheriae subsp. belfanti, a nontoxigenic subspecies of C. diphtheriae. The significance of C. diphtheriae in veterinary medicine and the possible role of cattle as a reservoir of these organisms are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Studies of facilities with increased abortion rates in cattle].

Cases of abortions in cattle were investigated using several different laboratory procedures. The purpose was to collect information on an individual animal and on a herd basis that would allow a correct etiological diagnosis and also the institution of prophylactic measures. The cause of the abortion was diagnosed in 30% of the cases and in 16.3% of the herds. Due to the complexity of the problem, there is no routine diagnostic procedure that can universally be recommended and applied. There was no association between the number of tests performed or the number of herd mates included in the diagnostic work-up and the diagnostic success rate. In order to make a more efficient use of the diagnostic procedures, a better understanding of the mechanisms leading to abortion, on an individual animal basis and on a herd basis, is required.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1995

[Immunohistochemical determination of Chlamydia psittaci/pecorum and C.trachomatis in the piglet gut].

The jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon of 200 piglets were investigated immunohistochemically for the presence of Chlamydia psittaci and C. trachomatis using a vitelline IgY. Positive samples were later labelled using a commercial C. trachomatis polyclonal antiserum. Chlamydia were present in 33 (16.4%) of the animals, and 30 out of 33 were labelled by C. trachomatis polyclonal antiserum. Inclusions occurred predominantly (67%) in the large intestine. The serological results (CFT, ELISA) did not correlate well with immunohistochemical labelling in the gut. The incidence of Chlamydia rose from 6.9% in animals up to 4 weeks, to 41.8% in those over 4 weeks of age. A correlation between chlamydia and enteric disease was not obvious. Besides chlamydia, most of the diseased animals harboured other additional agents. In conclusion, intestinal chlamydiae in piglets, predominantly C. trachomatis, exist in Switzerland, although their pathogenic potential seems to be low.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Isolation and characterization of group EF-4 bacteria from various lesions in cat, dog and badger.

Bacteria of Group EF-4 were isolated from local purulent lesions in 7 dogs and in 5 cats, from pneumonic lungs in 2 additional cats and from internal organs in a badger. Results of characterization were compared with those of a human strain of Group EF-4a isolated from an infected dog-bite wound. Lungs of 2 necropsied cats showed a severe focal necrotizing pneumonia in the various lobes. Organs of the badger were typical for a case of septicemia. The organisms were isolated mostly in pure culture. Colonies were up to 1.5 mm in size, round, entire, more or less yellowish pigmented and non hemolytic. Culture smelled slightly like popcorn. In conventional biochemical tests, 12 isolates as well as the human strain were shown to belong to Group EF-4a and the 3 remaining strains to EF-4b. Belonging to Group EF-4 was confirmed by assimilation tests with the gallery ATB 32 GN of BioMerieux. However some differences to other reports were observed when compared with results obtained with similar methods. Results of this study seem to indicate that bacteria of Group EF-4 are important in veterinary medicine not only from an epidemiological but also from an etiological point of view.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

The relationship between cycle stage and results of uterine culture in the mare.

A total of 368 uterine swabs were taken from mares in heat (n = 202) and from mares that were not in heat (n = 166). From 72 of the mares, two swabs were taken; one during either seasonal anoestrus or dioestrus, and one during oestrus. Swabs were taken during anoestrus/dioestrus in 94 other mares and during oestrus in the remaining 130 mares. Bacteriological cultures were done aerobically and classified as negative, insignificant or significant. There was a trend for more positive cytological specimens during oestrus than during anoestrus/dioestrus. The proportions of significant cultures were 12 of 202 (5.9%) in oestrous mares and 14 of 166 (8.4%) in anoestrous/dioestrus mares. Generally more insignificant than negative cultures were obtained during oestrus compared to anoestrus/dioestrus. Seven of 27 cultures that were classified as significant were associated with positive cytological specimens, and only 2 of 16 specimens that yielded pure cultures of E. coli contained neutrophils. Although the culture results did not differ significantly between the cycle stages, oestrus should be the preferred time for uterine examination.

Anestrus↗
PubMed1993

[The infectious causes of abortion and stillbirth in swine in Switzerland].

Fetuses and placentae of 171 cases of porcine abortion, stillbirth and mummification were examined for pathological lesions, bacterial infections and PPV (porcine parvovirus) infection. Furthermore IgG (immunoglobulin G) levels were determined in fetal body fluids. Selected maternal sera were tested for antibodies against Leptospira, Aujeszky's disease and hog cholera. PPV infection was diagnosed in 29.2% of all cases. Bacterial abortion was diagnosed in 8.2%. Indications for an infectious agent were demonstrated in about 10% of the cases. The etiology of the abortion could not be identified in 52%. Inflammatory alterations in association with the isolation of bacteria consisted of neutrophilic infiltration and necrosis and were of particular value to differentiate bacterial contamination from infection. Infiltrations of mononuclear leucocytes in brain, leptomeninx, kidney or myocard were observed in about 50% of the fetuses with PPV infection. IgG levels were consistently elevated in fetuses serologically positive for PPV, but also in two fetuses, where no infectious agent could be identified.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1993

[Local and systemic infections with bacteria of group EF-4 in dogs, cats and in a badger: bacteriologic and pathologico-anatomic results].

Bacteria of Group EF-4 were isolated in 7 dogs and in 5 cats from local purulent lesions in areas of natural openings of the head and from bite wounds, from lungs with focal necrotizing pneumonia in 2 additional cats and from internal organs in a badger with septicemia. The organisms grew mostly in pure culture. In conventional biochemical tests, 12 isolates were shown to belong to biovar EF-4a and 3 isolates to EF-4b. Classification as Group EF-4 was confirmed by assimilation tests performed with the commercially available gallery ATB 32 GN. Results of this study indicate that in veterinary medicine, bacteria of Group EF-4 are not only important from an epidemiological point of view, but that they may be more pathogenic for animals than considered hitherto.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Causes of prenatal foal loss in Switzerland].

In Switzerland during the foaling season 1988 and 1989 the cause of abortion in 60 foals was investigated. Special attention was paid to infections with equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV 1). Diagnosis were based on post-mortem, histopathological, bacteriological and immunofluorescence investigation. The results confirm data from other countries, that EHV 1 is the most prevalent viral (20%) cause of abortion, followed by various bacterial agents (12%). Other causes were umbilical torsion, twin pregnancy and malformations. In 18% of the cases the investigation of fetuses did not give any results as to the cause of abortion, suggesting maternal factors as only cause of abortion.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1992

[Infections with enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) in cattle. 1. Comparison of different animal models and a cell culture system for the establishment of a detection system for "attaching and effacing" (AE) lesions].

In several animals species, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) were described as agents causing diarrhea. The histopathogenic pattern of EPEC is due to a typical adherence to enterocytes, called "attaching and effacing" (AE). This lesions are characterized by the formation of pedestals, cups and a marked loss of microvilli on enterocytes. In view of using an "in vitro system" (HeLa-cell culture) to test the adherence of EPEC, we first tested bovine EPEC in several laboratory animals. Various strains of mice, one day chicks (peroral) and a three day old calf (ligated intestinal loops) were inoculated with a bovine pathogenic EPEC (S 102-9). The adherence of EPEC "in vivo" was histologically, electron microscopically and bacteriologically investigated and compared to adherence to HeLa cell cultures. AE-lesions were found on calf enterocytes as well as on HeLa-cells, no lesions were seen in mice and chicks. The ligated intestinal loop test seems to be a useful model to compare "in vivo" to "in vitro" adherence.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Streptomycin-resistant Escherichia coli as a marker of vulvovestibular contamination of endometrial culture swabs in the mare.

To investigate the vulvovestibular contamination of endometrial culture swabs in the mare, a liquid culture of a streptomycin-resistant strain of Escherichia coli was applied to the vulvovestibular area of mares and used as a marker of contamination of endometrial culture swabs. Prior to taking endometrial swabs, the perineal area was washed with soap, rinsed with water, and dried. Endometrial culture swabs were taken from mares that were in anestrus or diestrus and from mares that were in estrus. When a manual transvaginal swabbing technique was used, 22 of 24 endometrial swab specimens from 12 mares were contaminated with the experimental bacterial strain; culture of only one endometrial swab yielded more than nine colonies. When a speculum approach was employed, three of 12 swab specimens from 12 mares yielded between one and three colonies. The stage of cycle had no effect on the extent of contamination, but the proportion of positive cultures was significantly smaller when swabs were taken via a vaginal speculum approach, compared to a manual transvaginal approach. Complete preclusion of vulvovestibular contamination of endometrial swab specimens was not achieved; however, fewer than ten colonies can be expected even in mares in which the vulvovestibular area has been thoroughly contaminated with a broth culture, provided that the perineal area is adequately cleaned prior to swabbing.

Anestrus↗
PubMed1991

[Postcoital uterine microbe colonization and endometritis in the mare].

In the mare, natural breeding is associated with bacterial contamination of the reproductive tract. The purpose of this study was to examine postcoital bacterial contamination and the resulting inflammatory response of the uterus. Uterine swabs for bacteriological and cytological examination were obtained from 80 mares. Each mare was sampled once between 4 and 69 hours postbreeding. In mares which did not conceive, sampling was repeated at the following estrus. The findings were compared with those obtained prior to breeding and correlated with the breeding outcome. Bacteria were cultured from 72.5% of the postcoital swabs. There was a wide spectrum of organisms which included species known as potential causes of endometritis. Neutrophilic granulocytes were found in varying concentrations in 48.8% of cases. In 16.3% of mares both bacteriological and cytological examinations were negative. Mares with positive bacteriological and/or cytological results at the postcoital examination had better foaling rates compared to the remaining mares (p less than 0.05). The postcoital findings did not correlate with those of the prebreeding examination, or with the interval between breeding and sampling, or with the different stallions.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Use of a low dose prostaglandin F2 alpha in bitches].

The dosage of Prostaglandin F2 alpha used until the present (100, 250 and 1000 micrograms/kg bw), in order to treat pyometra in the bitch, was accompanied with side effects such as salivation, vomiting and diarrhea. In the present work, the efficiency of low dose Prostaglandin (20 micrograms/kg bw) was examined in two different groups of patients: Group 1: Included 9 bitches pregnant for a period of 5-7 weeks duration. Initially the bitches were treated 3 or 4 times per day with Prostaglandin F2 alpha. In these cases abortion took place within 4 to 11 days. Group 2: 12 dogs, suffering from pyometra, were treated 3 times per day with PGF2 alpha for 8 days. In 9 dogs the pyometra resolved and the bitches came in estrus 2-5 months after treatment. 7 bitches have been mated and 6 of these gave birth to healthy litters. During a follow-up period of at least 10 months there has not been a reoccurrence of pyometra. In 3 out of the 12 dogs the uteri were still enlarged after 8 days of treatment. These bitches underwent ovariohysterectomy and a cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium was diagnosed histologically. The low dose (20 micrograms/kg BW) Prostaglandin F2 alpha induced in all dogs the expulsion of the uterine contents. Side effects during the treatment were not observed.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1990

[Causes of death and disease in kittens].

Post-mortem examinations were carried out on 168 kittens 0 to 12 weeks of age. One third of the kittens died of an infectious agent, one third showed non infectious illnesses and in one third the examinations revealed none or vague results.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[A case of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in a cow with endometritis and fetal death].

Acute disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was diagnosed in a 3 1/2 year old cow of the Simmental breed. The cow was little less than 6 months pregnant and was admitted to the clinic because of severely disturbed general health. The most important clinical findings were increased heart and breathing rate, rectal temperature of 39.9 degrees C, nosebleed and petechiae on the nasal mucosa. Additionally, the cow showed petechiae on the vaginal mucosa, haemorrhage from the rectum lasting several hours after rectal examination and severe haemoglobinuria. Haematological and biochemical examinations showed increased liver enzymes and severe changes in all coagulation parameters (platelet count, PT, PTT, thrombin time, fibrinogen, fibrin degradation products). Based on the mentioned findings the diagnosis DIC was made. Possible causes were severe necrotic endometritis and placentitis combined with fetal death. High counts of Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens were determined in liver, lung and abomasal contents of the aborted fetus as well as in the placenta. Uterine secretion contained Actinomyces pyogenes besides.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental infection of calves and sheep with bovine Giardia isolates].

9 Giardia-free calves were artificially infected with 1.5-5.1 x 10(6) Giardia cysts originating from Swiss cattle ("bovine isolates"). In 4 of these animals the course of infection was examined. After prepatent periods of 7-8 days all calves excreted high numbers of Giardia cysts for 60-112 days. During patency on 44% of the examination days Giardia cysts and antigen could be detected simultaneously in faecal samples using the flotation method and a sandwich-ELISA, respectively. With the exception of light diarrhoea lasting only for some days at the beginning of patency no other symptoms occurred. Further 5 artificially infected calves were submitted to autopsy. Giardia trophozoites were detected in 4 calves in the jejunum and in 1 animal in the ileum (peroxidase-antiperoxidase method). All animals were simultaneously infected with Campylobacter spp. and/or Rota- and Corona-virus. Electronmicroscopically mucosal attachment sites of Giardia trophozoites had intact microvilli and enterocytes. In various parts of the intestine blunting and flattening of the villi and cellular infiltrations of the mucosa were present. These alterations in calves are generally associated with bacterial and/or viral infections of calves. A Swiss bovine Giardia cyst-isolate was transmitted to 4 Giardia-free conventionally maintained lambs which excreted Giardia cysts after prepatent periods of 10-21 days for 31-61 days.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

V-factor dependent strains of Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida.

At bacteriological examination of swine lungs with pneumoniae due to Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, two strains of pyridine nucleotide (V-factor) requiring bacteria were isolated. They exhibited a pattern of biochemical reactions fitting with that of Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA): DNA hybridization with these isolates and Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida showed that they were V-factor requiring strains of this species. Preliminary investigations on the qualitative and quantitative V-factor requirements have been performed.

Animals↗