Psychological, nutritional, and energy expenditure differences in college females with anorexia nervosa vs. comparable-mass controls.
This is the first study to examine psychological and behavioral variables in nonhospitalized college females with subclinical anorexia nervosa (AN) as compared to healthy college females of comparable body mass (i.e., body mass index (BMI)<19). Participants who met all DSM-IV [Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th ed. (1994). Washington, DC: APA.] criteria for AN-restrictive type (except for BMI<17.5; n=11) and control participants (n=15) with comparable body mass completed psychological, nutritional, and exercise assessments. Results suggested that those with AN evidenced more general psychopathology, more eating disorder symptoms, more dieting, more compulsive exercise, and less consumption of calories compared to participants in the control group. There was no difference in macronutrient consumption. There was no significant difference in expenditure of energy, despite differences in reports of compulsive exercise. Given similar body mass, this suggests that the women with AN were experiencing an energy deficit consistent with the disorder's defining features of "fear of gaining weight or becoming fat" and provides us with more understanding of individuals with AN in their natural environment.