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Biomedical subjects

L D Sanghvi

Publications and source records attributed to L D Sanghvi.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Epidemiology of head and neck cancers.

Head and neck cancers are common in India and account for about 30% of cancers in males and about 13% in females. In males, oral cavity and pharynx are the commonly affected site, followed by larynx. In females, oral cavity is the preponderant site. Reliable data on incidence rates from several cancer registries in India is compared with selected data from the United States and France. A wide variety of tobacco habits prevalent in the country are primarily responsible for the occurrence of these cancers. Among them, bidi smoking, tobacco chewing, and cigarette smoking, in that order, account for a large majority of these cancers. In addition, alcohol and some aspects of the Indian diet have been suspected to contribute to this number of head and neck cancers. The government of India has accorded a high priority to prevention of tobacco-related cancers by the turn of the century in its National Cancer Control Programme.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Epidemiology of esophageal cancer.

The incidence of cancer of the oesophagus is high in India but not as high as the rates reported from the Caspian Littoral of Iran. Incidence data available for three places in India--Bombay, Madras, and Bangalore--show regional variations. In Bombay, the rates for males are high compared to Madras and Bangalore. A case control study of 503 oesophageal cancer cases in males and 634 controls registered at the Tata Memorial Hospital during the period 1980-84 was carried out to determine the association of oesophageal cancer with two types of dietary practices, viz., vegetarian and non-vegetarian, in addition to tobacco and alcohol habits. In the presence of an alcohol habit, the relative risk for tobacco chewing and smoking was observed to be high in the non-vegetarian group compared to the vegetarian group. A vegetarian diet was protective. Further studies are suggested to confirm this finding.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1977

Quantification of the role of smoking and chewing tobacco in oral, pharyngeal, and oesophageal cancers.

The aetiologic fractions due to smoking and chewing tobacco have been quantified for the first time, for cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx and oesophagus. The overall aetiologic fractions due to smoking and/or chewing tobacco have been found to be 70% for cancer of the oral cavity, 84% for the oropharynx, and about 75% for the hypopharynx and larynx. In cancer of the oesophagus, however, the fraction is only 50%, showing that another factor or factors play an equal role in the aetiology of cancer of this site. At each of the sites studied, it was found that the two factors, smoking and chewing, acted synergistically, though in varying degrees.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1976

Feasibility of undertaking cancer incidence studies in rural areas of India.

In the rural areas of developing countries, modern medical facilities are well below optimum levels and death registration is not mandatory. In India, as a result of such a situation, very few studies have been undertaken on the incidence of cancer in the rural population, though 80% of the people live in villages. The paper presents cancer incidence rates observed in a rural area of India by means of a method involving the use of paramedical personnel for initial screening, to minimize the cost. A statistical evaluation of the results shows that the method can be used for registering common sites of cancer in an area where conventional cancer registration methods are not applicable.

Humans↗
PubMed1974

A retrospective study of lung cancer in Bombay.

This is a retrospective study of 520 patients with lung cancer, seen at the Tata Memorial Hospital between 1963 and 1970. Matched controls were obtained from those patients who came to the hospital within the same period and who were diagnosed as not having cancer. The patients and controls were matched for age, sex and community. As reported in other studies, an association was found between smoking habit and lung cancer. The relative risk of all types of smokers to non-smokers is 2·45, of bidi smokers 2·64 and of cigarette smokers 2·23. There is a preponderance of the group of epidermoid carcinomata among smokers as against adenocarcinomata. The probable reasons for the reported low incidence of lung cancer in this population have been discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1971

A note on the distribution of cancer in some endogamous groups in Western India.

Endogamous groups in Western India have been known to have a wide degree of genetic diversity. Analysis of the data available on some of the endogamous groups belonging to two main communities attending the Tata Memorial Hospital, Bombay, viz. Hindus from Maharashtra, and Hindus from Gujarat show that one of the endogamous groups, the Maharashtrian Brahmin has a significantly different pattern of cancer site distribution compared to the other groups studied. Maharashtrian Brahmins have a low relative frequency of cancer of the oral cavity and high relative frequencies of cancer of the oropharynx and cancer of the oesophagus. The tobacco chewing habit pattern seems to have a bearing on the proportion of cancer of the oral cavity observed in the groups studied. However, in the case of cancer of the oropharynx and cancer of the oesophagus, factors besides smoking and chewing habits seem to be playing a role. A further study is indicated to clarify the points raised by the study.

Adolescent↗