[Documentation of the nursing process].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Documentation↗
Biomedical subjects
L Dmochowski
Publications and source records attributed to L Dmochowski.
Annulate lamellae observed in human prostatic carcinoma.
Annulate lamellae (AL) were observed in only three out of 40 cases of human prostatic carcinoma, but not in 20 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia and 11 cases of presumably normal prostatic tissues. AL showed the continuity with the rough endoplasmic reticulum and seemingly the nuclear membrane consisting of lamellar or concentric arrangement of stacked membranes and occasionally annular structures. In addition, annuli were detected in the rough endoplasmic reticulum near the stacked membranes which were devoid of ribosomal attachment. These results disclosed that in human prostatic tissues, AL could be only rarely detected in actively dividing cancer cells, and were seemingly the temporary transitional structures transforming from the nuclear membrane to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Strain-related variation in the interaction of ferritin-conjugated plant lectins with mouse mammary tumor viruses.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
Virus particles in normal prostate tissues of mice from ten strains, with special reference to type-B virus particles.
Prostate tissues of a total of 61 normal mice from 10 different strains, including high (C3H/Dm, RIII/Dm, and A/Dm) and low (BALB/c/Dm, C3Hf/Bi/Dm, and C3Hf/He/TEX) mammary cancer, and high (AKR/Dm) and low (CBA/J/Cr, SJL/J/Cr, and C57/BL/6/TEX) leukemia strains were examined by electron microscopy for the presence of virus particles. These studies demonstrated that type-B virus particles were present in normal prostate tissues of some old mice from all the three high (C3H/Dm, RIII/Dm, and A/Dm) and one low (BALB/c/Dm) mammary cancer strains. They further demonstrated that varying number of type-C virus particles were present in prostate tissues of some young and old mice, including those from all the 10 strains, especially in a larger number in older mice, and that intracisternal type-A virus particles were observed in all the mice examined. Immunological characterization of type-B virus particles by fixed immunofluorescence tests and immunoelectron microscopy revealed that type-B virus particles in normal prostate tissues of old C3H/Dm and A/Dm mice are morphologically and immunologically similar to the mouse mammary tumor virus. Thus, prostate tissues of mice can be a potential source of horizontally transmitted mammary tumor virus in mice of at least some high mammary cancer strains.
Age Factors↗
Particle--lamella complexes in a case of human benign prostate hyperplasia: brief communication.
Particle--lamella complexes (PLC's), described for the first time, were found in glandular epithelial cells of the hyperplastic prostate tissues from a patient with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. PLC's observed in this patient were similar to those seen in human hematopoietic neoplastic cells. They showed cylindroid forms and were composed of concentrically arranged lamellae and particles found in rows between these lamellae. PLC is closely related to rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), and some PLC's were completely surrounded by RER. Particles approximately 25--30 nm in diameter were similar to ribosomes in size, shape, and electron density; lamellae approximately 10 nm thick appeared circular in cross sections and lamellar in longitudinal sections. Although the nature and function of PLC's are as yet unknown, the present observation indicated that PLC's are not a characteristic structure restricted to malignant tumors of hematopoietic origin.
Endoplasmic Reticulum↗
Viruses and human cancer: the history and current status of ESP-1.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Antibodies, Viral↗
In situ embedding method of cells grown in beem capsules for immunoelectron microscopic studies of oncornaviruses.
A technique of in situ embedding of cells grown in BEEM capsules has been devised for immunoelectron microscopic studies of oncornaviruses. As compared to other immunoelectron microscopic procedures, this technique is less time and reagent-consuming. The quality and specificity of this method were tested on well-characterized mouse mammary tumor virus (type B virus) and murine sarcoma virus (type C virus particles). This method gave good results in labeling of the virus particles with ferritin or peroxidase in the cells of mouse tissue cultures. In an application of this method, peroxidase labeling of type B virus particles was obtained in frozen sections of normal prostatic tissues of C3H/Dm and A/Dm strain mice treated with rabbit antiserum to mouse mammary tumor virus from A/Dm strain mouse milk. These results indicate that this method is useful and reliable for immunoelectron microscopy studies of oncornaviruses in tissue culture cells and also in frozen sections of tissues.
Culture Techniques↗
Electron microscopic studies of intracisternal virus particles in Soehner-Dmochowski murine sarcoma virus-induced bone tumors of New Zealand Black rats.
Soehner-Dmochowski murine sarcoma virus (Moloney)-induced bone tumors of New Zealand Black rats carry two morphologically different types of virus particles, namely, extracellular type C and intracisternal virus particles, which have thus far not been reported. These two types of virus particles have also been observed in the tissue culture cells derived from normal prostate tissues of A/Dm and BALB/c/Dm mice after inoculation of cell-free extracts of these bone tumors. The intracisternal virus particles, 90 to 120 nm in diameter, have always been found in the rough endoplasmic reticulum; they have two inner concentric layers with a relatively electron-lucent center, frequently showing cylindrical, chain-like, or multipolar budding forms. Type C virus particles produced by Soehner-Dmochowski murine sarcoma virus (Moloney)-infected prostate tissue culture cells from A/Dm and BALB/c/Dm mice belong to the murine sarcoma-murine leukemia virus group, as revealed by the fixed immunofluorescence test and by immunoelectron microscopy. The morphological and immunological relationship of intracisternal virus particles and other types of virus particles (such as type C, type H, and intracisternal type A virus particles) and intracisternal virus particles in guinea pig leukemia are defined by routine electron microscopy observations and by immunoelectron microscopy studies.
Animals↗
Histology and ultrastructure of the R-3327 C-F transplantable prostate tumor of Cophenhagen-Fisher rats.
The R-3327 C-F tumor is an adenocarcinoma of the prostate maintained by serial transplantation in male Copenhagen-Fisher hybrid rats. The tumor is histologically different from other tumor sublines derived from the original R-3327 tumor discovered in 1961 in an aged Copenhagen rat. Light and electron microscopy have shown that the R-3327 C-F tumor contains a well organized glandular epithelium with myoepithelial cells and a continuous basement membrane, although epithelial cells were much less differentiated than epithelial cells of either dorsal or lateral normal prostate of the rat. Two features of interest were the presence of large, abnormal fibroblasts in stroma, and of lymphocytes embedded in the epithelium. Virus particles have not been observed in the specimens examined by electron microscopy.
Adenocarcinoma↗
"Particle-filament complex" in tumor cells of northern pike, Esox lucius L.
Examination of the cells of lymphoreticular neoplasms of the northern pike (Esox lucius L.) by electron microscopy has demonstrated the presence of unusual cytoplasmic crystalloid inclusions in cells of a spontaneous trunk tumor. The ultra-structural analysis revealed that the inclusions are composed of parallel arrays of filaments associated with rows of particles. This is designated as "particle-filament complex". The filaments of the complex measured 90--120A in diameter and 0.6--2.8 micron in length. A row of dense particles measuring 250A in diameter was arranged in regular manner between the parallel filaments. It is of interest that the complex was always accompanied by an unusual structure of nucleus of the tumor cell. The nuclei were composed entirely of filaments which were distorted and closely packed. The significance of the particle-filament complex associated with altered nucleus remains to be determined.
Animals↗
Virus-like particles in a case of human prostate carcinoma.
Two morphologically different types of intracisternal virus-like particles were observed electron microscopically in a biopsy specimen of human prostate cancer. Particles of one type were 150-200 nm in diameter and contained either an electron-dense core or two concentric inner layers. Particles of the other type were smaller, 80-100 nm in diameter, and appeared mostly in filamentous or chainlike formation. Both types of particles and budding were observed in endoplasmic cavities of epithelial tumor cells. The particles had ultrastructural characteristics that suggested a viral nature but were different from the known type B, type C, or type H (hamster type R) virus particles. This was the first election microscopic observation in prostate cancer of virus-like particles similar to those previously reported in a case of human breast carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Immunoelectron microscopic studies of antibodies in mouse sera directed against mouse mammary tumor virus.
Indirect immunoferritin and fixed immunofluorescence tests were carried out on (a) sera of mice hyperimmunized with isologous mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) particles or isologous MMTV-producing mammary tumor cells grown in tissue culture and (b) sera of mammary tumor-bearing and tumor-free mice of several inbred strains. Sera were tested against MMTV produced by C3H/HEJ/Tex tissue culture cells (MMT-1). Mammary tumor-bearing A/Dm, C3H/HeTex, and RIII/Dm mice and apparently tumor-free A/Dm mice were found to develop naturally occurring nonprotective anti-MMTV antibodies, whereas sera of tumor-free C3H/HeTex, RIII/Dm, and C57BL/6/Tex female mice and A/Dm, C3H/HeTex, and RIII/Dm male mice did not contain anti-MMTV antibodies. Indirect immunoferritin and fixed immunofluorescence labeling of MMTV particles was prevented by absorbing sera with purified MMTV particles. The results demonstrate the relationship of naturally occurring anti-MMTV antibodies in mouse sera to the presence of mammary tumors, confirm previous reports that mice are not tolerant to MMTV, and further establish the usefulness of the indirect immunoferritin procedure in studies of the immune response of mice.
Animals↗
Laboratory diagnosis of immune and autoimmune reactions.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Autoimmune Diseases↗
Characterization of an established cell line (SH-3) derived from pleural effusion of patient with breast cancer.
Spontaneous emergence of fast-growing cells in prolonged culture of pleural effusion cells obtained from a patient with breast cancer has led to the establishment of a cell line designated as SH-3. By morphological criteria, as revealed by light and electron microscopy, SH-3 cells are epithelial and resumble the poorly differentiated cells of a series of established human tumor cell lines. Their karyotype is hypotetraploid and different from that of HeLa cells. Isoenzyme analysis has shown the presence in the cells of a bone-type alkaline phosphatase and of the fast (A) band of G6PD. The line is free of mycoplasma.
Alkaline Phosphatase↗
Ultrastructural studies of human prostatic neoplasia.
Forty-two specimens of human prostatic neoplasia (32 carcinomas, eight benign hyperplasia, two bladder tumors infiltrating prostatic tissue, and 15 tissue cultures derived from prostatic neoplasia) were examined by electron microscopy. Intracisternal viruslike particles, 150-200 nm in diameter and budding, were found in epithelial cells of four carcinomas. In some of these particles, an electron-dense central core or two concentric layers were discernible. In addition, particles resembling type C virus particles, 90-130 nm in diameter, were observed in intracytoplasmic vacuoles in five cases of carcinomas and in one case of benign prostate hyperplasia. Thus, viruslike particles were found in 9 of 32 cases of prostate carcinoma and in one of eight cases of benign prostate hyperplasia. Virus particles have, so far, not been found in any of the tissue culture specimens. Further studies are required to determine the nature of these particles and their relationship to the origin of human prostatic neoplasia. Additional observations in both benign hyperplasia and carcinoma include intranuclear mitochondria, multilayered nuclear inclusions, bundles of intranuclear fibrils, intracytoplasmic tubules, extracellular tubulo-filamentous structures, and cilia.ltilayered nuclear inclusions, bundles of ilo-filamentous structures, and cilia.
Carcinoma↗
Morphological, biological, immunological and biochemical studies on bone tumors of animals and man.
Biological studies on FBJ osteosarcoma virus in tissue cultures have led to the isolation of murine sarcoma virus. Characteristic type C-MuLV particles were observed in bone tumors induced by the SD-MSV-M-virus in vitro and in vivo. The SD-MSV-M virus also induced bone tumors in rats of all strains tested, and it has a similar tumor-inducing property in hamsters. Immunoelectronmicroscopic studies showed that envelope antigens of MSV-SD virus in rat bone tumors can be distinguished from those found in hamster bone tumor cells. In tissue cultures of MSV-SD rat bone tumors, two separate cell lines have been established: one of them releases both MSV and MuLV and the other produces MuL virus only. The MuLV in this cell line acts as helper. The different interactions appear to support the concept of control mechanisms for the partial expression of genes which are responsible for neoplastic properties, virus replication, and synthesis of gs-antigens. Biochemical studies on structural rearrangement and subunit composition of RNA released from MSV-SD virus, have shown that there are two forms of the native genome RNA differing in their sedimentation coeffiiecients and in subunit composition. In human osteosarcoma tissue culture, type-C viruslike particles are found. In cocultures derived from human osteosarcoma with cells taken from the bone marrow or peripheral blood of patients with different types of leukemia, certain morphological changes are observed which resemble those induced in animal cells by RNA tumor viruses. In osteosarcomas where no cytoplasmic antigen could be proved by an immunofluorescence test, the antigen could be produced by cocultivation with antigen-positive leukemic bone marrow cells. Whole human embryo cells treated with fluid from leukemia bone marrow cultures showed the presence of the cytoplasmic antigen when tested with positive sera, but they showed no morphologic changes. In high molecular weight RNA species, sedimentation coefficients ranging from 62S to 68S are demonstrated by molecular hybridization techniques. In cross-hybridization experiments, annealing values were observed only with complementary DNA products synthesized from sarcoma viruses. Three particularly high molecular weight RNA species released from human sarcoma cell cultures showed no cross-hybridization with either the DNA product of Rauscher leukemia virus or that of Gross leukemia virus.
Adult↗
Transforming factors in human sarcoma cells in tissue culture.
Experimental data are presented which demomstrate the existence of a transmissible factor(s) in the majority of samples of leukemic bone marrow. This factor(s) is associated with the presence of a cytoplasmic antigen which can be detected by fixed immunofluorescence test with sera of patients with osteosarcoma, leukemia and some apparently normal individuals. Cultures of leukemic bone marrow carrying this factor(s) also form multinucleated cells when exposed to RD114 virus or cels. This factor(s) is transmitted into susceptible whole human embryo cells by cell-free culture fluid. Appearance of the new antigen can be detected by fixed immunofluorescence test about 6 weeks after transmission. Cultures showing the new antigen also form multinucleated cells following co-cultivation with RD114 virus or cells. Co-cultures of human osteosarcoma cells and leukemic bone marrow cells undergo morphologic as well as antigen changes after a long period of time (at least 3 months). Cell line fluids from these cultures contain a factor which induces in recipient whole human embryo cultures both the new antigen and morphological alterations resembling those observed in the co-cultures. Cell-free fluids from leukemic bone marrow and sarcoma cultures as well as from short-term co-cultures have failed to produce morphological alterations in whole human embryo cells. Extensive electron microscope studies carried out at different stages of the experiments have failed to reveal the presence of viral particles. The morphological changes resemble those induced in susceptible cells by sarcoma viruses. The described factor(s) may conceivably represent subviral components capable of biological activity. While suggestive of viral involvement in human sarcoma of bone and soft tissues, there is no definite proof of viruses being the causative agent(s) of human sarcoma. Present evidence provides only a basis for search of additional ways of treatment of human sarcoma to those of surgery and radiotherapy. Present treatment consists of chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment directed against viral markers represented by enzymes, nucleic acids and proteins of possible viral origin, resembling those already known to be present in animal bone and soft tissue sarcomas. However tenuous the contention of the possiblity of viral involvement in human osteosarcoma may appear, adjuvant therapy directed against viral markers warrants the attention of orthopedic surgeons and other clinicians.
Cell Line↗
Implications of humoral antibody in mice and humans to breast tumor and mouse mammary tumor virus-associated antigens.
As a part of a program directed toward the elucidation of the role of viruses in mouse and human breast cancer, a variety of immunological techniques were applied to a study of the humoral immune response of mice and of humans to their breast tumors. Tumor-bearing mice were found to produce antibodies against a complex array of tumor cell-associated antigens, including mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), components, heterophile and Forssman-like antigens, embryonic antigens, and possibly other tumor-associated antigens. Mice bearing MMTV-positive tumors had high titer antibodies against both viral and heterophile antigens. Tumor-free mice, whether of high or low mammary cancer strains, were remarkably free of antibodies that could label MMTV particles, although some sera contained antibodies to viral components. Patients with breast cancer also had antibodies against a variety of antigens associated with their own and homologous breast cancer cells. These antibodies reacted with heterophile, embryonic, and other tumor-associated antigens, some of which appeared to be viral. Sera of some patients with breast cancer gave positive immunofluorescence reactions with mouse mammary tumor cells grown in tissue culture and producing MMTV. Most of these reactions were due to heterophile antibodies in the sera, but a small number of sera contained antibodies apparently directed specifically toward MMTV particles, as determined by immunoperoxidase electron microscopy. Although human-mouse cross-reactions must be interpreted with caution, these data suggest that a virus putatively associated with human breast cancer is antigenically related to MMTV.
Animals↗