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Biomedical subjects

L Domínguez

Publications and source records attributed to L Domínguez.

103 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Average parameters in bioavailability studies: an application to slow-release amitriptyline formulation.

In order to assess the extent and the rate of absorption in bioavailability studies, area under the curve (AUC), experimental maximum concentration (Cmax) and experimental time to reach Cmax (Tmax), are used. But when slow-release formulations are considered, the drug concentration-time curves usually show multiple peaks, and it is difficult to compute a Cmax and Tmax value. In case a Cmax value is computed, important variability in this parameter results in high values in the residual variance of the ANOVA test. So in order to decrease the high variability, average parameters: average concentration (Cav), average maximum concentration (Cmax,av) and Cmax,av x 100/Cav (%Cmax,av), are proposed. These new parameters were applied in a bioavailability study of slow-release amitriptyline formulation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cohort study on incidence of ARDS in patients admitted to the ICU and prognostic factors of mortality].

OBJECTIVE: Analyze acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in patients admitted to an Intensive Care Medicine Service (ICMS) and prognostic factors of mortality in these patients. DESIGN: Prospective study of all the patients admitted consecutively in the ICMS from January 1998 to February 2003. SCOPE: ICMS of a third level university site with 32 beds in its General Area and 10 beds in the Traumatology Area. PATIENTS: Patients who met the ARDS criteria of the European-North American Consensus Conference at any time during admission in ICMS. ENDPOINTS OF INTEREST: Mortality at 28 days. RESULTS: One hundred and ninety-one patients (3.4 of all the admissions in ICMS) had ARDS criteria. The origin of ARDS was intrapulmonary in 63%. A total of 77% of the patients had multiorgan dysfunction and 26% respiratory superinfection. Median stay in the ICMS was 20 days. Mortality at 28 days was 48% and hospital mortality 58%. Multivariant analysis showed that the variables associated independently with an increase in mortality were the following: APACHE II > 22 (odds ratio [OR] 2.7; 95% CI: 1.3-5.8; p = 0.007), minimum PaO2/FIO2 during evolution of ARDS < 81 mmHg (odds ratio 5.5; 95% CI: 2.6-11.9; p < 0.0001), dysfunction > or = 3 organs (odds ratio 11.8; 95% CI: 2.5-55.4; p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: ARDS is an entity with elevated mortality whose prognosis is associated not only with the seriousness of pulmonary function deterioration but also of systemic function, on which some treatment could modulate its evolution.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of selenium deficiency on the development of central nervous system lesions in murine listeriosis.

The effect of selenium (Se) deficiency, produced by feeding a Se-deficient diet, on the development of central nervous system (CNS) lesions was studied in mice infected with Listeria monocytogenes, administered in drinking water for 1 or 7 days in a daily dose of 10(9)organisms, or for 7 days in a daily dose of 10(7). Se-deficient mice differed from Se-normal controls in developing CNS lesions significantly more frequently. Moreover, regardless of Se status, mice receiving repeated doses of 10(9)organisms differed from those receiving a single 10(9)dose in showing CNS lesions at least twice as often. The majority of animals with CNS lesions showed an inflammatory pattern of rhombencephalitis (17/24), while only two of 24 showed choroiditis-ventriculitis-meningitis; five of 24 animals showed both inflammatory patterns. Listeria monocytogenes antigen was identified within the areas of inflammation by an immunoperoxidase technique. Neuritis of the trigeminal nerve was present in eight animals. The relative lack of pathological changes in the liver and spleen validates this murine model for the study of CNS listeriosis.

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PubMedDate not supplied

Metastatic Listeria monocytogenes infection of the peritoneum in mice with cyclosporine a-induced peritonitis.

Inoculation of mice with Listeria monocytogenes intragastrically or by parenteral routes has not been reported to cause peritonitis. In this study, however, severe listerial peritonitis was induced in mice infected subcutaneously and treated intraperitoneally with cyclosporin A (Cs A) in an oil carrier. In both uninfected and listeria-infected mice, intraperitoneal administration of Cs A consistently produced overexpression of P-selectin in the peritoneal microvasculature and pyogranulomatous inflammation of the peritoneum, suggesting that Cs A causes endothelial damage. We suggest that in listeria-infected mice the non-specific irritant peritonitis induced by the intraperitoneal administration of Cs A results in transfer of listeria-infected phagocytes from the liver and spleen to the peritoneal microvasculature, producing metastatic infection.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acrosome content release in streptolysin O permeabilized mouse spermatozoa.

Sperm cell plasma membrane and the outer acrosomal membrane fuse profusely during the acrosome reaction. The process is triggered by extracellular signals that elicit several intracellular events leading ultimately to membrane fusion. We have developed a streptolysin O permeabilizing protocol that selectively affects the spermatozoon plasma membrane without causing a significant loss of the acrosomal content. Most of the acrosomal acid phosphatase remained sperm-associated even after a 20 min incubation at 37 degrees C. However, the presence of 100 microM Ca2+ in the incubation buffer stimulates the release of the enzyme. The reaction was followed biochemically, measuring the acid phosphatase activity released to the medium and morphologically by the binding of fluorescein isothiocynate-conjugated peanut agglutinin and by electron microscopy. The results show that the streptolysin O permeabilized spermatozoon is a promising model for studying the complex set of events mediating and regulating the acrosome reaction.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aeromonas hydrophila conjunctivitis in a pet parrot (Amazona versicolor).

A bilateral conjunctivitis in a pet parrot (Amazona versicolor) is reported. Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated in pure culture from both eyes and considered of diagnostic significance. Biochemical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility of the strain were studied, as were the factors that could have contributed to the clinical conjunctivitis and the role of A. hydrophila as an opportunistic pathogen.

Aeromonas hydrophila↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chloramphenicol extraction from milk by using the diphasic dialysis method followed by liquid chromatographic determination.

An economical, fast, and simple method for the extraction and liquid chromatographic determination of chloramphenicol (CAP) in milk is described. CAP is extracted by using a recently developed membrane-based method named "diphasic dialysis." CAP is detected and quantitated in the organic solvent used in dialysis without additional cleanup steps by reversed-phase liquid chromatography and UV detection (270 nm). The determination limit of CAP in milk was about 5 micrograms/L, although as little as 1 microgram/L could be detected under optimal working conditions.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mycobacterium genavense infection in canaries.

A case of mycobacteriosis in a collection of canaries (Serinus canarius) is described. The affected birds showed nonspecific clinical signs and macroscopic lesions (slight splenomegaly). Histologic lesions found in liver, spleen, lungs, and kidneys consisted of noncaseous nodules containing accumulations of large macrophages that showed a highly vacuolated cytoplasm in which numerous acid-fast organisms were detected. Attempts to isolate and culture the organisms using Löwenstein-Jensen and Coletsos media proved unsuccessful. Microorganisms belonging to the species Mycobacterium genavense were identified by means of polymerase chain reaction techniques in hepatic tissue from both birds. This finding confirms the existence of fastidiously growing mycobacterial infections, other than Mycobacterium avium, in birds.

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