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Biomedical subjects

L Duckett

Publications and source records attributed to L Duckett.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Maternal employment and breastfeeding.

A high percentage of mothers return to work during their infant's first year of life. Recent studies indicate that mothers who return to work early and for more than 20 hours a week wean earlier, on the average, than other women. However, within employment subcategories, women vary widely in breastfeeding duration. Studies done in England and Minnesota indicate that variables from Ajzen and Fishbein's Behavioral Intention Model (BIM) can be helpful in explaining some of the variations in length of breastfeeding that are not explained by work-related variables. The variables in this model are motivational in nature. Clinicians can apply research to practice by assessing selected factors that have been demonstrated to predict breastfeeding duration, eg, breastfeeding knowledge, work-related variables, and motivational variables. Then interventions can be focused on gaps in a woman's knowledge or motivational system and on what she needs to know to return to work and breastfeed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Using structured controversy to promote ethical decision making.

This article describes the use of structured controversy as an educational strategy for helping students learn content and skills needed for dealing with difficult ethical situations that arise during the practice of nursing. Structured controversy, an innovative technique that encourages learners to deal with conflict constructively, is described, and research validating its benefits is reviewed. A comprehensive description of how structured controversy was operationalized, using the issue of whether or not to give nutrition and hydration to a dying patient, is included to provide other nursing educators with an illustration of how this strategy can be applied.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Multi-course sequential learning as a model for content integration: ethics as a prototype.

Multi-course sequential learning (MCSL), a model for integrating content throughout the curriculum, is described using ethics education as a prototype. In this model, content is presented via a vertical course, with units embedded in existing courses across various levels of the nursing program, which is designed to provide coherent organization of content, visibility, and accountability, and to prevent gaps and unnecessary duplication. This article describes the process of developing an Ethics MCSL, which is being implemented and evaluated with support from a three-year grant from the Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education (FIPSE).

Curriculum↗
PubMed1989

Developing case situations for ethics education in nursing.

Developing cases for the clinical teaching of ethics can be extremely time-consuming. Often, the cases that are developed either represent unrealistic situations or mere technical puzzles rather than genuine ethical problems. This article describes how faculty at the University of Minnesota modified a simple, quick and inexpensive think tank technique, the Crawford Slip Method, for use with nursing educators to generate an extensive list of ethical issues within each clinical specialty. Selecting from these lists, faculty in each specialty developed one realistic nursing case situation to illustrate selected ethical issues. Faculty were asked to use the Alverno College criteria for designing a moral dilemma when writing their cases. Suggestions for adapting the cases for multiple uses are presented.

Education, Nursing↗
PubMed1989

Wrestling with the larger picture: placing ethical behavior in clinical situations in context.

This article provides an account of the use of a model-building process as an educational strategy for the teaching of ethics. Designed to integrate students' growing knowledge and skill in nursing with their intellectual and professional development, this model-building process has its theoretical foundations in cognitive moral development theory, and in an integrative approach to nursing education called Multi-Course Sequential Learning (MCSL).

Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Challenging misperceptions about nurses' moral reasoning.

Discussions in the nursing literature about the usefulness of Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning for women and nurses, and assertions about the level of moral reasoning scores of nurses have been clouded by inaccuracies and misperceptions. In this article, theoretical and measurement issues related to moral reasoning are clarified and a critical review of the literature is provided about the moral reasoning of nursing students and nurses as measured by the Defining Issues Test (DIT). The review indicates the need for greater rigor in studies of moral reasoning among nurses and the need for accuracy in interpreting and reporting moral reasoning scores. The data show that the moral reasoning of nurses, like that of other groups, tends to increase with formal education. Nurses' scores are usually comparable to, and sometimes higher than, scores of their academic peers.

Ethics, Nursing↗