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Biomedical subjects

L E Afzelius

Publications and source records attributed to L E Afzelius.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Elective lymph node dissection in stage I cutaneous malignant melanoma of the head and neck. A report from the Swedish Melanoma Study Group.

The effect of elective lymph node dissection in patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma of the head and neck was investigated in a retrospective study. Of 517 patients in clinical stage I, 84 underwent elective dissection of the ipsilateral neck lymph nodes. In six of these patients, lymph node metastases were demonstrated at histopathological examination. There was a slight reduction in the incidence of recurrent disease in the regional lymph nodes in the group of patients who had undergone elective lymph node dissection, but this difference was not statistically significant. No significant differences were seen between the two groups regarding overall survival of disease-related survival.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Dilatation of esophageal strictures using a balloon catheter].

The technique of balloon catheter dilatation of benign esophageal strictures is presented. A general anesthetic is unnecessary which is an advantage in older patients. Moreover, the encouraging results and the absence of complications support the opinion that balloon catheter dilatation is an excellent alternative in the treatment of esophageal strictures.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Histologic scoring system for various cancers of the external ear].

A histological scoring system was created to determine the aggressiveness of basal cell carcinomas of the head and neck and to determine which squamous cell carcinomas of the external ear will develop metastases. Basal cell carcinomas of the external ear were the most aggressive. The parameters depth of growth and mode of invasion were the most valuable in predicting metastases.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Neural beta-adrenergic dilatation of the facial vein in man. Possible mechanism in emotional blushing.

Ring preparations of the superficial buccal segment of the human facial vein, taken from extirpated tissue in 12 patients during neck surgery, were studied in vitro. The vein developed a maintained intrinsic myogenic tone in response to passive stretch and was supplied with alpha- as well as beta-adrenoceptors, both of which could be influenced by transmural nerve stimulation (TNS) and noradrenaline. These unusual characteristics for a vein are basically similar to the ones described for the rabbit facial vein by Pegram, Bevan & Bevan (1976). In man there seemed to be an inter-individual difference with regard to the abundance of 'innervated' alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors. Facial vein specimens from some subjects thus responded with prompt and pronounced net dilatation to TNS with maximum at 4 Hz and those from others with net constriction with maximum at 16 Hz. The latter showed a reversal into neural beta-adrenergic dilatation after alpha-adrenergic blockade. The human external jugular vein was devoid of intrinsic tone and beta-adrenoceptors. It is tentatively proposed that a beta-adrenergic neuro-effector mechanism in superficial ramifications of the facial vein in man might be involved in the emotional blushing reaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Sleep apnea syndrome caused by acromegalia and the treatment with a reduction plasty of the tongue. Case report.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome was every likely caused by an enlarged tongue in a 60-year-old man with acromegalia. The diagnosis was confirmed by polygraphic sleep recordings and by roentgenologic examination. The patient was treated with a tongue-reduction plasty which gave him good subjective relief and better sleep. A whole night polygraphic sleep recording showed a couple of hours of normal sleep without apneas or arousals. The last part of the night was, however, still disturbed by several apneas with concomitant arousals.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1981

Sleep apnea syndrome--an alternative treatment to tracheostomy.

Two patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome had polygraphic recordings demonstrated upper airway obstruction and sleep with extremely short sleep latency, severely disturbed nightsleep resulting in sleep deprivation, and excessive daytime sleepiness. Radiological investigation showed the upper airway obstruction to be caused by the tongue falling back occluding the pharynx. Nasopharyngeal intubation relieved the symptoms. The patients were trained to perform this treatment themselves every night, demonstrating that this treatment is an attractive alternative to the conventional tracheotomy.

Disorders of Excessive Somnolence↗
PubMed1980

Facial fractures. A review of 368 cases.

The medical records of 368 patients, hospitalized for facial fractures, were analyzed according to sex, age, etiology, etc. To get the long-term results, the patients were given a questionnaire which was answered by 271 patients (73.6%). In the total material there is an overrepresentation for younger males and the main reasons for the fractures are traffic accidents (34.8%) and fights (27.1%). The most common fracture is the zygomaticomaxillary one (202 cases), followed by the fractures of the mandible (121 cases). The results 1 week postoperatively were good from a clinical point of view. The results from the X-ray examination with its exact demands were poorer. This discrepancy is discussed. The questionnaire covers a postoperative period of 6--99 months. Altogether, 40.1% of the patients operated on and 57.1% of those not operated on were satisfied and considered themselves as good as before the lesion. The results improve in the course of time, especially the functional ones. The reactivation of the function in the infraorbital nerve seems to be a more drawn-out process than previously supposed.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1980

Influence of seat belt upon maxillofacial fractures.

During the years 1969-1979, 534 patients with facial fractures were treated. Of those 178 were traffic victims. A seat belt legislation was established in Sweden on January 1, 1975. The use of seat belts rose to about 85% of all drivers and front seat passengers and our 'severe fractures' of the face were significantly reduced in frequency from 36 to 12%.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1980

Vertigo and dizziness of functional origin.

In patients consulting otologists for vertigo a functional source can be expected in 50% of the patients and more frequently among young females than among older male subjects. Functional vertigo is frequently perceived as a turning sensation inside the head, functional dizziness frequently as a rocking sensation of the whole body, while patients with vertigo of somatic origin frequently seem to complain of a spinning sensation outside the head. The duration pattern of functional vertigo is frequently of a fluctuating or continuous type, while in the nonfunctional subjects it is of 2-5 hr. duration. In patients with vertigo of functional origin eye-closure tends to release rather than inhibit nystagmus.

Caloric Tests↗