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L E Damon

Publications and source records attributed to L E Damon.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

The association between high-dose cytarabine neurotoxicity and renal insufficiency.

We reviewed the medical records of 110 consecutive patients at our institution who had acute leukemia and received high-dose cytarabine (Ara-C; HDAC) in order to analyze risk factors associated with HDAC neurotoxicity (NT). There were adequate records on 101 patients who received 147 courses of HDAC. Twenty-six treatment courses (18%) were complicated by NT. The median time of NT onset was 5 days (range, 1 to 10 days), and NT was reversible in 16 of 21 survivors (76%). Patients with severe NT (grades 3 to 4) were less likely to have complete reversal of their neurological deficit than those with mild NT (P less than .1). In our patients, there was no significant association between previously described risk factors (age over 49 years, male gender, CNS disorder, and cumulative HDAC dose greater than 48 g/m2) and incidence of NT. However, treatment courses involving HDAC given during renal insufficiency (serum creatinine greater than or equal to 1.5 mg/dL or an increase in serum creatinine greater than 0.5 mg/dL) were much more likely to be complicated by any degree of NT during administration of HDAC (62%) and severe NT (42%) than those given during normal renal function (8% and 3%, respectively; P less than .001). Of the treatment courses involving patients with estimated creatinine clearances less than 60 mL/min, 76% were complicated by NT compared with 8% of treatment courses involving patients with clearances greater than 60 mL/min (P less than .001). HDAC courses with neurotoxic patients had higher serum creatinines (2.1 +/- 1.4 v 1.1 +/- 0.6 mg/dL), greater increases in serum creatinine (+ 0.5 +/- 0.8 v + 0.07 +/- 0.3 mg/dL), and lower estimated creatinine clearances (61 +/- 35 v 91 +/- 29 mL/min) than those courses with nonneurotoxic patients (P less than .001, all parameters). Patients receiving HDAC during renal insufficiency are at high risk for developing NT. Dose reduction of HDAC should be considered for patients with renal insufficiency.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1988

Cytotoxicity of ketoconazole in malignant cell lines.

The cytotoxic effects of ketoconazole, an antifungal agent known to have some activity against human prostate cancer, adrenal cancer, and male metastatic breast cancer, were evaluated using colony-growth and clonogenic assays in eight malignant cell lines. The cytotoxicity of ketoconazole showed a dose- and time-dependent pattern, with the following concentrations inhibiting 90% of the growing colonies (IC90): MCF 7 (human breast cancer) 7.25 micrograms/ml, T 47 D (human breast cancer) 9.0 micrograms/ml, MiaPaCa (human pancreatic carcinoma) 10.0 micrograms/ml, COLO 357 (human pancreatic carcinoma), 9.5 micrograms/ml, HCT 8 (human colonic adenocarcinoma) 27.1 micrograms/ml, DU 145 (human prostatic cancer) 40.0 micrograms/ml, AR 42 J (rat pancreatic carcinoma) 9.0 micrograms/ml, and L1210 (murine leukemia) 8.6 micrograms/ml. Since a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml can be achieved in humans, the use of ketoconazole in human malignancies might be worthy of clinical evaluation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Advances in rational combination chemotherapy.

Due to the high frequency of micro- or macrometastatic disease at the time of diagnosis of cancer, and to the increasing prevalence of cancer in this country, the use of chemotherapy to evoke cure or prolongation of survival has become critically important. In addition, the growth kinetics of large tumor burdens and the high probability of drug-resistant cells in a tumor mass at the time of diagnosis necessitate combinations of chemotherapeutic agents rather than single agents as the most effective mode of treatment. Since there are 40 to 50 active anticancer drugs now utilized, and since synergy between drug combinations is often dose and/or schedule dependent, the number of possible drug combinations and permutations is vast. Thus, screening for effective drug combinations requires a rational approach which will allow for accurate predictions of synergy. Most advances in this scientific approach have utilized biochemical modulation in conjunction with in vitro cytotoxicity assays, in particular, clonogenic assays. Such an approach has generated a number of drug combinations, such as sequential MTX-5FU, with widely applicable clinical efficacy. The continued use of biochemical modulation should rapidly generate new effective drug combinations which will, hopefully, allow us to cure even those cancers presently considered incurable.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1982

Effects of relocation on the elderly.

Although relocation is often indicated as a necessary therapeutic intervention, the stress of relocation on elderly persons can prove detrimental to their life satisfaction and longevity. If a move is involuntary or involves extreme change--for example, a move from a private home to an institution--the loss of environment control and predictability can pose a threat to the person's well-being. Yet there are cases in which the outcome is good--for example, a voluntary move from one private home to another. The physician can use a patient's individual characteristics to help predict the probable outcome of relocation.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sequence dependent synergistic cytotoxicity between etoposide and fluoropyrimidines.

The cytotoxic interactions between etoposide and two fluoropyrimidines (FP), 5-fluorouracil (FUra) and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUrd), were determined in L1210 cells by soft agar clonogenic assay and in five human adenocarcinoma cell lines by colony growth assay. The administration of etoposide prior to FP resulted in synergistic cytotoxicity in L1210, HCT-8, Mia PaCa, MCF-7, and T47-D cells while the reverse sequence resulted in additive or antagonistic cytotoxicity in L1210, HCT-8, and Mia PaCa cells. Etoposide prior to FdUrd produced more DNA single strand breaks than expected in L1210 cells, while the reverse sequence produced fewer than expected. The sequence--dependent synergistic cytotoxicity of etoposide--FP correlates with relative DNA single strand break production in L1210 cells.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cyclosporine-induced hemolytic uremic syndrome in a heart transplant recipient.

We report a case of hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with the use of cyclosporine in a heart transplant recipient. The patient manifested many classic signs and symptoms of hemolytic uremic syndrome, and a diagnosis was confirmed by kidney biopsy. Treatment with plasma exchange was effective in halting the hemolysis, but renal function failed to improve. Rechallenge with cyclosporine caused recurrence of microangiopathic hemolysis. Because of concerns regarding allograft rejection, an experimental immunosuppressive agent, RS-61443, was used that was effective in controlling rejection and was not associated with recurrence of hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Cyclosporine↗