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Biomedical subjects

L E Lancaster

Publications and source records attributed to L E Lancaster.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

The immune system in patients with renal failure. Part 1: Review of immune function.

Patients with renal failure often succumb to infection. Alterations in the immune system of these patients, whether inherent to the disease process or precipitated by therapeutic regimens, undermine the promotion of wellness. Part 1 of this article provides a comprehensive understanding of normal immune system function. Part 2 discusses common immune abnormalities related to renal failure and its treatment. In addition, there is an overview of assessment techniques that can assist nephrology nurses in identifying alterations in a patient's immunologic status and direct care to prevent complications from altered immune function.

Complement Activation↗
PubMed1995

Part 2: Effects of renal failure and its treatment on the immune system and assessment of immune system function.

Patients with renal failure often succumb to infection. Alterations in the immune system of these patients, whether inherent to the disease process or precipitated by therapeutic regimens, undermine the promotion of wellness. This article provides a comprehensive understanding of common immune abnormalities, and assessment techniques that can assist nephrology nurses in identifying problems in a patient's immunologic status and direct care to prevent infections, to treat or prevent organ rejection, and to monitor for signs and symptoms of malignancies.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Immunogenetic basis of tissue and organ transplantation and rejection.

This article has discussed major concepts essential to an understanding of tissue and organ transplantation, rejection, and immune modulation. The reader is encouraged to review and understand these basic concepts to understand and appreciate the complexities of specific tissue and organ transplants described in this issue.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1990

Renal response to shock.

When the MAP decreases below approximately 75 mm Hg, renal autoregulatory processes are no longer effective. Decreased renal blood flow often leads to ATN and its related uremic syndrome. The patient with ATN typically experiences four successive phases as the ATN progresses and then eventually resolves. During the oliguricanuric phase of ATN, multiple organ systems and physiologic processes are affected by the alterations occurring as the result of severely altered renal function. With appropriate treatment, such as fluid-electrolyte and acid-base control, nutritional support, and renal replacement therapy, a return to normal renal function is often possible.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1990

Nursing care planning. Overview and application to the patient in shock.

The systematic nursing process is an essential prerequisite for providing effective care for patients in shock. Nurses use assessment skills to identify actual and potential collaborative problems and nursing diagnoses. Once collaborative problems and nursing diagnoses are identified, the nurse develops appropriate individualized patient outcomes and plans care to accomplish the outcomes and resolve the problems. Nursing actions from the three domains may be included in the care plan. The evaluation phase assesses the adequacy of nursing actions in accomplishing the stated goals and returns the process to the stage of assessment. Application of the nursing care planning process to the patient in shock can be somewhat difficult because of the critical nature of the illness, complex assessment data, and rapidly changing interventions. It is indeed a challenge for the critical care nurse to integrate sound principles of nursing care planning into the busy intensive care environment, but the outcome of improved patient care is worth the effort.

Critical Care↗
PubMed1987

Renal and endocrine regulation of water and electrolyte balance.

The kidneys have primary responsibility for regulating the body's water and solute balance. Of the 180 L per day that are filtered at the glomerulus, about 98 to 99 per cent is reabsorbed throughout the course of the renal tubule. The kidney can produce a concentrated urine or a dilute urine, depending on the needs of the body. Several hormones, notably aldosterone, ADH, PTH, and calcitonin, as well as vitamin D, are important in the regulation of water and solutes. This article has not discussed other important renal functions as noted in the introduction.

Endocrine Glands↗