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Biomedical subjects

L E Swischuk

Publications and source records attributed to L E Swischuk.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Exuberant blood flow in enlarged lymph nodes: findings on color flow Doppler.

Ten cases of adenopathy, 7 inflammatory and 3 lymphomatous in origin, with visible increased blood flow on color flow Doppler examination are presented. Although the ultrasonic demonstration of blood vessels in enlarged lymph nodes, both inflammatory and tumoral, is not new [1-5], we believe that this is the 1st definitive documentation with color flow Doppler. In some cases the degree of flow was striking, reflecting high velocity flow. This occurred both with inflammatory and lymphomatous nodes and we present our findings 1st to bring attention to them and 2nd to stimulate further investigation of the phenomenon.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Neurodevelopmental outcome in neonates after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: cranial magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography correlation.

Irreversible ligation of the right common carotid artery and right internal jugular vein is usual in venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for treatment of severe respiratory failure in neonates. Vessel ligation with ECMO may magnify risks of cerebral hemorrhage or infarction (CHI) and adversely affect neurodevelopmental outcome. To correlate CHI after ECMO with neurodevelopmental outcome, we reviewed cranial ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in 22 consecutive neonatal ECMO survivors and compared these with results of Bayley Scales of Infant Development obtained at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months of follow-up. All patients had US, and 19 had MRI. No US or MRI had focal abnormal findings attributable to ECMO; specifically, there was no evidence of CHI. Two infants had generalized cerebral atrophy, and one of these had an abnormal Bayley examination. One infant with a normal MRI had a single right focal seizure 4 days after ECMO. Of 20 infants with Bayley developmental tests at 3 to 30 months of age (mental index range, 72 to 135; motor index range, 71 to 150), only 3 were abnormal. In our experience, the incidence of CHI secondary to ECMO is less than that reported. After ECMO, the absence of intracranial hemorrhage, cerebral infarct, or cerebral atrophy on US or MRI usually correlates with normal short-term neurodevelopmental outcome.

Brain↗
PubMed1992

Mycotic thromboaneurysmal disease of the abdominal aorta in preterm infants: its natural history and its management.

Five infants with mycotic complications of umbilical artery catheterization were evaluated with abdominal ultrasound and followed serially to document their natural history. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was always the infecting organism. There were one female and four male infants and they weighed between 900 and 1,200 g at birth. While two of the catheters were positioned in the abdominal aorta, three were located above the diaphragm. The predominate signs and symptoms included: thrombocytopenia, unexplained anemia, renal failure, hypertension, and embolic phenomena to the toes. Real-time ultrasound always proved sufficient for diagnosis. Serial studies detected the initial aortic thrombosis in three patients and accurately documented its progression to aneurysmal disease over 10 days in one patient and 17 days in another. Three of the infants were diagnosed with aneurysms at their initial examination. Of the five patients, three were treated nonoperatively and died of complications of their aortic disease. One patient was discovered at operation to have necrotic ischemic intestine. Aortic repair was postponed and he died of septic complications. The remaining patient underwent a PTFE interposition graft and survived for 6 months, dying of pulmonary failure with autopsy confirmed graft patency.

Aneurysm, Infected↗
PubMed1992

Postnatal development of T lymphocytes in a novel X-linked immunodeficiency disease.

We previously reported an X-linked combined immunodeficiency disease (CID) characterized by immune deficiencies and complicating infections that were more moderate than those found in severe CID (SCID). Since other unstudied males in the family died in infancy, we questioned whether this T cell defect was more profound in early life. Subsequently, the development of blood T cells in an affected newborn male was examined. T cells were virtually undetectable at 48 hr. Over the next several months, CD4+ T cells (principally CD45RO+) rose to levels similar to those found in older affected males, but CD8+ T cells developed more slowly and never attained levels found in other affected males. Thus, this disease in early life mimics SCID and may pose a higher risk of fatal infections to affected individuals during that period. Finally, we speculate that the genetic defect may disrupt intrathymic development or selection of T cells.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1992

Fungal infections of the chest in infants and children.

Although fungal infections of the thorax are often asymptomatic in children, fungi are capable of producing significant pulmonary and mediastinal disease in this population. Young infants and immunocompromised children are at increased risk for fungal infections and often develop disseminated disease. Pulmonary fungal infections present with a wide variety of findings, many of which are nonspecific. The article reviews the clinical and imaging characteristics of the more important fungal diseases that affect the thorax of infants and children.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Painless limp.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1992

Stridor and upper airway obstruction in infants and children.

Upper airway obstruction in infants and children is a common and distressing problem because of the relatively narrow diameter of the airway in early life. Although ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging have become increasingly popular modalities for use in many pediatric diseases, plain radiography and fluoroscopy, with attention to technique, collimation, and patient position, continue to be the mainstays for the evaluation of stridor in children. An understanding of normal airway anatomy and air flow dynamics is necessary for this evaluation. This article presents the diagnostic features of conditions a radiologist may encounter in an infant or child with upper airway obstruction. Plain radiographic and fluoroscopic findings from over 100 cases of infants and children with this condition were reviewed to determine how frequently the specific diagnosis was confirmed with these studies. In the vast majority of cases, plain radiography and fluoroscopy suffice.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1991

Ultrasonographic detection of free peritoneal fluid in uncomplicated intussusception.

Two cases of intussusception with free peritoneal fluid detected by ultrasound are presented. In neither of these cases was the fluid associated with perforation or intestinal compromise. After assessing the findings in these patients, we believe that small amounts of fluid may well be present in uncomplicated intussusception. Furthermore, we feel that its presence should not constitute a contraindication to nonsurgical reduction if no associated clinical findings to suggest perforation or intestinal compromise are present.

Ascitic Fluid↗