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Biomedical subjects

L E Wood

Publications and source records attributed to L E Wood.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Specific chemical modifications in the beta-cleft site of hemoglobin. Potential anti-sickling agents with hybrid functionalities.

Ester and aldehyde groups have been combined to produce molecules with hybrid functionalities that might be effective in modifying hemoglobin. In this series of compounds, the reagents that carry the combination of an anionic charge and an aldehyde as binding groups show a strong preference for the beta-cleft region of the protein and produce selective modification therein. 5-Formylaspirin and related oxalyl, malonyl, and fumaryl monoaldehyde monoester derivatives form a new class of substances for which modification of hemoglobin is very substantial and is inhibited by inositol hexaphosphate.

Acylation↗
PubMed1984

Evaluation of methods to estimate cigarette smoke uptake.

Exposure to tobacco smoke is measured by a variety of invasive and noninvasive techniques. Our purpose was to examine how well some of these measures correlated when obtained simultaneously from the same subjects. On three occasions, six subjects were studied while they were smoking a single cigarette after 24 hr of abstinence. There were positive correlations between increases in heart rate and plasma nicotine concentrations and between percentage carboxyhemoglobin and exhaled carbon monoxide. Although residual cotinine was readily detected in samples of plasma before the subjects smoked, there was an increase in mean levels, with a peak approximately 1 hr after smoking. Urinary concentrations of nicotine, cotinine, and nicotine-1'-N-oxide and thiocyanate levels in plasma and saliva were essentially unchanged by smoking a single cigarette. Data on smoke generation and nicotine retention in cigarette butts correlated poorly with all other measures of smoke uptake.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Stepfamilies in family practice.

Stepfamilies have several important structural features and developmental milestones that differ from the nuclear family: complex relationships, ambiguous roles and expectations for family members, wide variety of previous family experiences for the various members, changes in support group and living arrangements, unresolved grief, and lack of institutional support. These features influence physical and mental health. The family physician must be aware of how stepfamily problems are likely to present and how to assist the stepfamily members with their problems. This paper describes an approach to recognition and management of stepfamily problems, anticipatory guidance for prevention of problems, and a number of patient education resources.

Competitive Behavior↗
PubMed1981

Structural specificities in acylation of hemoglobin and sickle hemoglobin by diaspirins.

Double-headed aspirins with bridging groups of different length and molecular structure have been examined for their reactivity with hemoglobin A or S. The compounds constructed are bound in the beta-cleft and show a wide range of beta-beta cross-linking effectiveness. Oxygenation curves of the modified hemoglobins in the presence of inositol hexaphosphate are strikingly modified. Many of the diaspirins also produce substantial changes in the minimum gelling concentration of sickle hemoglobin. These reagents offer possibilities for further enhancement of specificity toward hemoglobin, particularly by taking advantage of stereoselectivities.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1981

Syntheses and biological evaluation of 2- and 9-aminobenzonorbornenes as conformationally rigid analogs of amphetamines.

Isomers of the 2- and 9-aminobenzonorbornenes were prepared as rigid analogs of amphetamine and were employed to study the conformational requirements of indirectly acting sympathomimetic agents. Of this series of isomeric amines, the exo-2 and anti-9 isomers closely resemble the fully extended conformation of amphetamine. The other two amines, the endo-2 and syn-9 isomers, conformationally resemble the folded conformation of amphetamine. The isomers that resemble the extended conformation of amphetamine increased the spontaneous motor activity in mice while the isomers resembling the folded form either decreased or had no effect on motor activity. These compounds also were studied for their ability to accelerate the efflux of tritiated norepinephrine from vesicular and nonvesicular storage sites of isolated perfused rabbit atria; either alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine- or reserpine-pretreated rabbits were used. Amphetamine and the exo-2 and anti-9 isomers of aminobenzonorbornene could accelerate norepinephrine efflux from either compartment while the endo-2 and syn-9 isomers could accelerate the efflux from only the nonvesicular compartment at the concentrations studied. Fenfluramine and methylphenidate also were studied for their ability to accelerate efflux. Fenfluramine and methylphenidate resembled the aminobenzonorbornenes that correspond to the folded conformation of amphetamine in their ability to accelerate the efflux from nonvesicular storage. However, fenfluramine also resembled amphetamine and the aminobenzonorbornenes corresponding to the extended conformation of amphetamine in its ability to accelerate efflux from vesicular storage sites. The response to methylphenidate was similar to that of the aminobenzonorbornenes resembling the folded conformation of amphetamine.

Amphetamines↗
PubMed1978

Efffect of exo- and endo-2-aminobenzonorbornene on the acceleration of efflux of norepinephrine from isolated perfused rabbit atria.

The effect of exo- and endo-2-aminobenzonorbornene on the efflux of norepinephrine (NE) from isolated perfused rabbit atria was studied. These compounds can be considered conformationally rigid analogs of amphetamine and as such can be used to study the stereochemical requirements for amphetamine like activity. The exo isomer was found to produce an acceleration of efflux of previously accumulated 3H-NE from pargyline treated atria from rabbits which had been pretreated with either reserpine or dl-alpha-methyltryrosine (alpha-MT). The endo isomer however was found to accelerate efflux of 3H-NE from pargyline treated atria from reserpine pretreated rabbits but not from rabbits that had been pretreated with alpha-MT.

Animals↗