PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L Erwin

Publications and source records attributed to L Erwin.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Rule invention in the acquisition of morphology revisited: a case of transparent semantic mapping.

This paper presents a case study of a language-impaired child who signaled the distinction between English singular and plural using suprasegmental cues rather than the usual segmental form used within the parent language. Acoustic analyses performed within the first study in the paper revealed that the suprasegmental features used to maintain this distinction included various duration, fundamental frequency, and intensity parameters. Acoustic analyses were also performed on a set of matched two- and four-item plural forms within a second study. The results of these analyses indicated that the same acoustic parameters were used to distinguish two-item plural forms from four-item plural forms. This case of linguistic creativity is offered as further evidence in support of the model of language acquisition that emphasizes the active role children take in the acquisition process. Additionally, the phonological, morphological, and psycholinguistic factors that may contribute to such rule invention are discussed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1988

Chronic hyperdynamic sepsis in the rat: I. Characterization of the animal model.

We describe a new rat model of chronic hyperdynamic sepsis. After control values for weight gain, and food and water intake of each animal were obtained over a 5-day period, male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 370-425 g were anesthetized, catheterized to allow chronic cardiac-output measurements, and a sterile subcutaneous cavity was formed over the flank area. The animals were allowed a 3-4 day postoperative recovery period. Body weight, food and water intake, and cardiac output were measured daily. Frequent blood samples were withdrawn for bacterial cultures and white cell counts (WBC). On the third and, in some cases, the fourth postoperative day, the subcutaneous cavity was inoculated with 10(9) colony-forming units of Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis. The resulting sepsis was characterized by loss of body weight in spite of normal food and water intake, increased cardiac output, increased WBC, intermittent bacteremia, decreased muscle mass, and decreased cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle myofibrils. Two levels of septic response emerged--moderate and severe. Based on the above-mentioned measurements, it was possible to categorize all long-term septic animals into these two groups. Both groups exhibited cardiac-output, body-weight, and WBC data significantly different from sham controls. Repeated inoculations of the subcutaneous abscess initiated on the third postoperative day resulted in moderate sepsis with no long-term mortality, severe sepsis with 23% mortality over a 3-week period, or a 100% mortality within 4 days, depending on the virulence of the E. coli organisms used. The new model is ideally suited for pathophysiologic studies of sustained, hyperdynamic sepsis.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Augmentin (amoxycillin-clavulanic acid) compared with amoxycillin alone in the treatment of urinary tract infections in the elderly.

Sixty-seven patients (mean age 82 years) with urinary tract infection were treated with either Augmentin or amoxycillin in a double-blind randomised trial. Of the 52 patients who completed 5 days treatment, 21/24 (87.5%) responded to Augmentin but only 12/28 (43%) responded to amoxycillin. Five of eight patients who had failed to respond to amoxycillin responded to Augmentin.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Sharing: the book.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Communication↗