Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to L Espino.
Ethylene glycol is a common cause of poisoning and death in pets by being converted to more toxic metabolites responsible of many toxic effects, mainly renal damage. The present paper describes an atypical case of ethylene glycol poisoning in a dog due to consumption of small amounts of antifreeze solution over a long period of time, and resulting a renal failure.
A case of a partial atrial canal defect is described in a nine-month-old female English setter. The patient had a large ostium primum atrial septal defect and a concurrent malformation of the mitral valve. Electrocardiographic and radiographic findings were suggestive of marked enlargement of the right heart and pulmonary overcirculation. Definitive diagnosis and assessment of the haemodynamic consequences were made using echocardiography. The magnitude of the left-to-right intracardiac shunt was estimated by measuring the pulmonary to systemic flow ratio (Qp/Qs) from Doppler-derived pulmonary and aortic blood flow. The results of this report suggest that dogs with a partial atrioventricular canal defect and concurrent mild mitral regurgitation may exhibit no clinical signs during the first years of life, even in cases with a Qp/Qs ratio of greater than 2.
Urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by Corynebacterium urealyticum is a rarely recognised condition in veterinary medicine. This report describes a case in a 13-month-old dog which presented with a history of dysuria and haematuria. C urealyticum was identified as the cause of UTI. The clinical, radiological and ultrasonographic features and the results of urinalysis and urine bacteriological culture are described, as are the therapeutic challenges presented by this particular infection.
Separation anxiety in dogs is a complex behavioral syndrome produced by many causes. A hunter 4y-old male Argentinean Bulldog had dental disturbances and gastrointestinal and cutaneous symptoms due to high plasma zinc and low copper and calcium plasma concentration. His behavior made him bite galvanized wire fences in his cage and bunk that contained his food, both of a Zn-containing material. Specific treatment resulted in complete recovery.
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Electrocardiographic parameters were measured in 28 free-ranging roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). The electrocardiograms (ECGs) were recorded in base-apex lead, standard bipolar limb leads (I, II, III), and augmented unipolar limb leads (aVR, aVL, aVF). Morphology and amplitude of P waves, QRS complexes, and T waves were analyzed in all seven leads. Cardiac rhythm, heart rate, and durations of P, QRS, and T waves, PR interval, QTc interval, and ST segment were calculated in the base-apex lead. The mean electrical axis for each individual was determined from the net amplitude of the QRS complex in leads I and II. All of the animals had a sinus rhythm. Heart rates ranged from 60-180 beats per minute, with a mean +/- SD of 104.8 +/- 44.1. The electrical axis was 100 degrees-220 degrees, with a mean +/- SD of 169.5 degrees +/- 40.8 degrees. The base-apex lead provided the most uniform ECG patterns and higher mean amplitudes than did standard leads.
Electrocardiographic reference values were established on apparently healthy buzzards (Buteo buteo) in Lugo (Spain) from March 1997 to June 1999. All birds were anesthetized with isofluorane and placed in dorsal recumbence. The standard and augmented unipolar limb leads electrocardiograms were recorded in 65 buzzards. The wave forms were analyzed in lead II at 50 mm/sec and at 1 cm = 1 mV to determine P, PR, QRS, T and QT durations and P, QRS and T amplitudes. The polarity of each wave form was tabulated in all leads. The mean electrical axis (MEA) for the frontal plane was calculated using leads II and III. The mean heart rate was 325.2 +/- 52.9 beats/min. In lead II, the P wave was positive, the dominant pattern of QRS complex was QS and the T wave was always positive. The average value of the MEA was -99.2 +/- 7.7 degrees. Establishment of normal electrocardiogram (EKG) values will facilitate a better understanding of EKG changes seen in many diseases of these birds.