In cells of Acholeplasma laidlawii a constitutive system of transport of glucose derivate 3-O-methyl-D-glucose was found. This derivate penetrated into cells, without modification and accumulated in free state. The transport system was of enzymatic nature and exhibited sharp substrate specificity. The transport of 3-O-methyl-D-glucose was an active process and occurred against the concentrated gradient.

Acholeplasma laidlawii↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Enzymatic mechanisms of inhibition of peroxidative oxidation in different regions of rat brain].

Activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase were studied in the cortex, cerebellul and stem of rat brain. The presence of glutathione: dehydroascorbate reductase was observed in rat brain. The highest levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase and the lowest levels of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione: dehydroascorbate reductase were found in the stem; the level of glutathione peroxidase was highest in the cerebellum. The significant part (30--40%) of thiol containing substances was bound with proteins as mixed disulfides. The role of the enzymes studied in regulation of free-radical processes and of the content of peroxides in brain tissue is discussed.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Metabolism of enkephalins in various functional and pathological states of the body].

The peculiarities of metabolism of enkephalins at different functional conditions of the organism, different pathology and at the influence of some extreme factors are considered. Some special attention is given to the problem of interrelation and interdependence of enkephalins with proteolytic enzymes, participating in their synthesis and degradation. It is concluded that the biological property of neuropeptides as well as their participation in different physiological and pathological conditions of the organism very much depend on the peculiarities of functioning of enzyme systems of metabolism of neuropeptides.

Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Metabolic disorders in drug addictions].

The metabolic disturbances caused by compulsory drug intake into animals and men were characterized. The probable mechanisms of these disturbances are discussed.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A comprehensive study of the neurochemical and immune mechanisms of morphine tolerance: the effects of naloxone].

To test the authors' hypothesis about the role of endopeptidase (enkephalinase A, in particular) in mechanisms of morphine tolerance and blocking action of small doses of naloxone, they studied nociception reactions, morphine antibodies titres and enkephalinase A activity after morphine, d-phenylalanine and naloxone injection in brain structures. It is shown that activity of enkephalinase A in structures of endogenous antinociceptive system increased simultaneously with morphine antibodies titres in tolerance condition. Injection of small dose naloxone inhibited enkephalinase activity in brain structures and decreased morphine antibodies titres to these in control morphine-sensitive rats and therefore suppressed morphine tolerance. Prolonged naloxone injection decreased morphine antibodies titres to the levels of intact animals and highly increased titers of antiidiotypic morphine antibodies. Thus, these results confirm the role of enkephalinase as a neuromodulator. A strong relationship exists between enkephalinase and immune mechanisms of development of morphine tolerance which can be blocked by small naloxone doses. It is concluded that naloxone in small doses can be used in patients to suppress morphine tolerance.

Analgesics, Opioid↗