Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to L F Shabanova.
The immunological responsiveness was studied in 160 patients with generalized peritonitis. In the postoperative period, 51 patients underwent immunomodulating therapy. The highest effect was produced by transfusion of 300-400 ml leukoconcentrate.
The aim of the investigation was to study the "predisposing" conditions and risk factors in latent period of the development of gastric stump cancer in patients after gastric resection for pyloroduodenal ulcers. The authors consider the conditions preceding the appearance of gastric stump cancer to be the growing strain of the lymphoplasmocellular infiltration of the resected stomach mucosa in association with the decreased activity of cell immunity.
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The authors studied the time course of MIF production by lymphocytes of CBA (H-2k), C57BL/6J (H-2b) and (CBA X C57BL/6J) F1 (H-2b/H-2k) mice sensitized to Candida albicans antigens. The interstrain differences in lymphokin production were identified, CBA mice appeared to be highly responsive, whereas C57BL/6J to be low-responsive. Partial hybridological analysis made it possible to ascertain the presence of the dominant type heredity of high MIF production in response to Candida albicans antigens.
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The antigenic difference between myeloperoxidases of human, rabbit, guinea pig, horse, dog, sheep and mouse leucocytes and horse radish peroxidase was investigated. By counterimmunoelectrophoresis with antiserum specific for human and mouse myeloperoxidase and horse radish peroxidase, the enzyme catalysing peroxidase reaction in leucocytes from the above sources was shown to possess species specificity and different antigenic composition.
Enzymes catalyzing peroxidase reaction of a lysosomal fraction in bone marrow, leucocytes, spleen, thyroid gland, stomach, kidney, heart, lungs, brain and skeletal muscle of mice were investigated by immunochemical methods. A high level of peroxidase activity was discovered in leucocytes, bone marrow, spleen, heart and lung, a lower activity appeared to be characteristic of liver, thyroid gland and kidney. The peroxidase activities in brain, skeletal muscle and stomach were low. The reaction of immunoprecipitation with myeloperoxidase-specific antiserum revealed considerable antigenic distinctions between the enzymes catalysing peroxidase reaction in various tissues of mice.
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H3-leucine incorporation in myeloperoxidase (MPO) and into total soluble protein (TSP) from leucocytes of peritoneal exudate of mice was determined by immunological procedure. Maximal H3-leucine incorporation was observed within 48 hours and 16 hours of exposition for MPO and TSP respectively. Half-life period of MPO was 2,6 days which is comparable with the duration of neutrophils maturation up to the stage of metamyelocyte. Apparently, no essential formation of MPO takes place at the level of band and segmented neutrophils.
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Patients with primary chronic adrenal insufficiency (PCAI) in decompensation demonstrated a decrease in the total level of blood immunoglobulins, in particular IgG, with the normal level of B-lymphocytes. A decrease in IgG and an increase in IgA content was noted in the eucorticoid state; relative and absolute lymphocytosis determined by an increase in T- and B-lymphocytes was also noted. In overdosage of cortisone acetate the total number of immunoglobulins was normal, but IgA was raised and IgG lowered. The number of B-lymphocytes was significantly elevated. The number of T-lymphocytes was within normal but an increase in the level of T-suppressors was noted.
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Examination of 13 untreated patients with Itsenko--Cushing disease and syndrome showed an increase in total Ig as well as IgA, IgM and IgG, a decrease in the number of O-cells, and the absence of significant change in in the blood content of T-lymphocytes. A decrease in the amount of B-lymphocytes was noted in this group of patients with GTT of diabetic type or mild diabetes mellitus. Repeated examination of 7 of these patients 1-1.5 mos. after the resection of one adrenal gland showed that the content of O-cells had returned to normal, tension of the system of humoral immunity was on a decrease and combined with a decrease in the excretion of 17-OCS fractions though they were still above normal. Hyperlymphocytosis with a high level of T- and B-lymphocytes and the normal content of O-cells was noted in 11 patients after bilateral adrenalectomy for Itsenko--Cushing disease receiving maintenance doses of cortisone.
To differentiate tuberculous and autoimmune affections of the adrenal cortex the Mantoux test was made in 15 patients with primary chronic adrenal insufficiency (PCAI), indirect hemagglutination with tuberculin antigen was performed and antibody titre to corticosteroma homogenate antigens was determined, in addition to the clinical pattern examination, by means of passive hemagglutination (the Boyden test). Antibodies to antigens from corticosteroma cells in the high titre (1 : 10240) were found in 5 of 6 patients without tuberculous affection of adrenals and in 4 of 9 subjects with adrenal tuberculosis. The study of the level of antibodies to corticosteroma homogenate antigens in the blood serum of patients suffering from PCAI cannot serve as a reliable criterion for differentiating the tuberculous affection and adrenal cortex destructive atrophy, often induced by autoimmune process.
Patients with acute destructive pancreatitis were found to have pronounced changes in the immune system manifesting themselves by reduced general amount of lymphocytes mainly at the expense of T-lymphocytes with helper and suppressor activity and in less degree--at the expense of B-lymphocytes, increase of poorly differentiated O-cells, reduction of immunoglobulin C. Hemosorption on the sorbent SKN promotes more rapid recovery of indices of the immune system in the group of patients with the area of injured pancreas less than 50% and is practically ineffective for its total injury.
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