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Biomedical subjects

L Ferrell

Publications and source records attributed to L Ferrell.

66 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Hyperplastic gastric polyps associated with persistent Helicobacter pylori infection and active gastritis.

We report two cases of patients with 3-yr histories of upper gastrointestinal symptoms, hyperplastic gastric polyps, and active chronic gastritis. Biopsies retrospectively stained with Giemsa revealed the persistent presence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) in gastric biopsies of both patients throughout the 3 yr. After treatment with amoxicillin and bismuth subsalicylate, both became asymptomatic, one demonstrating disappearance and recurrence of the gastric polyps in conjunction with the HP. These cases demonstrate 3 yr of hyperplastic gastric polyps associated with HP and active gastritis.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Trends in Campylobacter pylori in pediatric and adult antral biopsies. A 5-year retrospective analysis.

Campylobacter pylori has been associated with chronic gastritis and antral ulceration in adults and has recently been reported in children with primary antral gastritis and duodenal ulceration. We reviewed all gastric antral biopsy specimens from children (n = 30) and adults (n = 77) over the past 5 years at the University of California, San Francisco. Tissue sections were stained with Giemsa to detect C pylori, and medical histories were obtained by chart review. The prevalence of C pylori in antral biopsy specimens with gastritis increased from 22% during the period 1983 to 1986 to 66% in 1987 (P less than .001). In all specimens showing gastritis, C pylori appeared more frequently in adults (31/67 [46%]) than in children (4/17 [24%]). In cases with primary gastritis, however, the prevalence of C pylori reversed to 57% (4/7) in children versus 49% (31/63) in adults. Most children (10/13) with gastritis and no C pylori had predisposing conditions. Infection with this organism was associated with more active inflammatory changes in adults than in children, but it may contribute to most cases of hitherto-unexplained gastritis in children. Further studies are needed to determine whether the prevalence of C pylori is increasing.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Does compliance mismatch alone cause neointimal hyperplasia?

To define the relationship between compliance mismatch and the development of neointimal hyperplasia, one 3 cm segment of common iliac artery was externally banded in seven dogs, thereby fixing the arterial diameter at end diastole. To quantify compliance, end-diastole diameter and its change with pulse pressure were measured by induction angiometry. This technique uses intravascular soft trifilar wire probes introduced through distally placed polytetrafluoroethylene sidearms. Compliance was checked in the banded and contralateral undissected unbanded control iliac arteries at 3 and 6 months, at which times the vessels were fixed by perfusion, excised, and examined histologically. Sustained (6-month) compliance mismatch was successfully induced within the banded segments (p less than 0.0001), and no compliance mismatch was seen in the control segments (p = 0.357). The intima of all banded vessels was virtually indistinguishable from that in controls grossly and histologically. Mild focal intimal thickening, less than 3 cell layers thick involving less than 5% of the vessel circumference, was typically seen in both banded and control vessels (range 6.57 +/- 6.80 micron to 38.86 +/- 57.16 micron). In marked contrast, at the sites of the polytetrafluoroethylene-to-femoral artery anastomosis, near-occlusive neointimal hyperplasia (1714 +/- 415.47 micron) was seen in all animals. Residual lumen area in the banded and control vessels was only minimally abnormal (range 98.65% +/- 2.18% to 99.96% +/- 0.08%). These data indicate that compliance mismatch alone is an insufficient stimulus for the development of neointimal hyperplasia in the canine model.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Evidence for a role of oxygen derived free radicals in the pathogenesis of caerulein induced acute pancreatitis in rats.

The effects of a polyethylene glycol linked oxygen free radical scavenger enzyme, superoxide dismutase (PEG:SOD) on caerulein induced acute pancreatitis (AP) in rats were examined. Pancreas weights and serum amylase concentrations in rats given a three hour continuous intravenous infusion of caerulein (7.5 micrograms/kg/h, n = 18) for induction of AP followed by a three hour infusion of normal saline were significantly raised by approximately 25% (p less than 0.005) and 750% (p less than 0.001), respectively, compared with values obtained in control rats (n = 7) infused for six hours with normal saline alone. A single intraperitoneal injection of either 1 X 10(4) U/kg (n = 6), 2 X 10(4) U/kg (n = 5), or 4 X 10(4) U/kg (n = 5) of PEG:SOD immediately before caerulein infusion did not significantly alter pancreas weights, serum amylase content, or pancreatic histopathology compared with rats given caerulein alone. By contrast, a single intravenous bolus injection of 4 X 10(4) U/kg (n = 9) of PEG:SOD before caerulein treatment significantly reduced serum amylase content by approximately 25% (p less than 0.05) and a continuous six hour intravenous infusion of 4 X 10(4) U/kg/h of PEG:SOD (n = 5) produced significant reductions of approximately 25% (p less than 0.001), 35% (p less than 0.05), and 50% (p less than 0.01) in pancreas weights, serum amylase concentrations, and acinar cell vacuolisation (p less than 0.01), respectively, compared with values in rats given caerulein alone. In studies using bovine serum albumin linked to polyethylene glycol and infused for six hours at protein concentrations identical to high dose PEG:SOD (n = 6), no beneficial effects against caerulein induced AP were observed. These data suggest that (a) oxygen derived free radicals are involved in the early pathogenesis of caerulein induced AP in rats, and (b) the greatly extended circulating half life of polyethylene PEG:SOD ( > 35 hours in rats compared with less than six minutes for native superoxide dismutase) may make this compound more suitable than native superoxide dismutase as a potential therapeutic agent in AP.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Sclerosing cholangitis associated with chronic cryptosporidiosis in a child with a congenital immunodeficiency disorder.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) in children is a rare and incurable disorder of unknown etiology. We report an immunodeficient child with chronic cryptosporidiosis of the biliary tract leading to clinical, pathological, and radiographic findings consistent with PSC. This case documents the ability of Cryptosporidium to disseminate to extraintestinal organs, and suggests that chronic cryptosporidial infection of the biliary tract may be one etiological mechanism producing sclerosing cholangitis in immunodeficient children. The increased incidence of PSC in immunodeficient children may in part be due to their inability to resolve infections of the biliary tract, which may result in sclerosing cholangitis mimicking PSC. We submit that an aggressive diagnostic workup should be performed to rule out an infectious etiology of sclerosing cholangitis in immunodeficient patients who have findings of PSC, because specific chemotherapy against the infecting organism would potentially arrest progressive biliary obliteration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Immunosuppression following alloantigen exposure: a role for lymphocyte Fc gamma-receptor blocking antibodies.

In this study we have shown that IgG class, noncytotoxic, Fc gamma-receptor blocking antilymphocyte antibodies can de detected in a high proportion of patients who have previously been exposed to alloantigens, i.e. multiple transfused uraemic patients, haemophiliacs and male homosexuals. These antilymphocyte antibodies appear to cross-react with human spermatozoa. Monomeric IgG preparations from these patients were also found to significantly impair T-cell responsiveness in vitro. Depression of cell mediated immunity by these antibodies may contribute to prolonged graft survival in uraemic patients but may also predispose to infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Biliary sclerosis in patients receiving hepatic arterial infusions of floxuridine.

High response rates have been reported with hepatic intra-arterial infusions of floxuridine in patients having colorectal carcinoma metastatic to the liver. The major toxicity of this therapy has been described as "chemical hepatitis." In a randomized trial of intravenous v intra-arterial floxuridine, we observed that all 35 patients receiving intra-arterial therapy developed significant increases in alkaline phosphatase and, in some cases, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transminase and/or bilirubin. Seven patients receiving intra-arterial therapy were studied with cholangiography which, in all cases, demonstrated sclerosis of the intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic bile ducts. In addition, liver biopsies showed cholestasis and pericholangitis with minimal hepatocyte damage. These findings suggest that "biliary sclerosis" rather than "chemical hepatitis" is the predominant toxicity associated with hepatic intra-arterial infusions of floxuridine.

Aged↗