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Biomedical subjects

L Fried

Publications and source records attributed to L Fried.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The use of a real-time computer diary for data acquisition and processing.

Behavioural researchers have long relied on the use of diaries for the collection of self-report data. We discuss the characteristics of a programmable hand-held computer used to collect hourly and event generated data for 7 days on 20 subjects with panic disorder. In the application described, subjects answered a series of 19 or more questions on the hour from 0700 to 2300 or when they were having a panic attack. Subjects completed 88% of all the hourly ratings (range 64-98%). The system was well accepted by the subjects and provided relatively inexpensive data collection and management.

Agoraphobia↗
PubMed1988

Cocaine use during pregnancy: prevalence and correlates.

Cocaine use during pregnancy was assessed by interviews and urine assays obtained prenatally and immediately postpartum from 679 urban women enrolled in prenatal care. Of these, 17% were found to have used cocaine at least once during pregnancy. Eight percent had urine assays positive for cocaine metabolites using the enzyme-mediated immunoassay technique with a cut-off of 300 ng/mL of benzoylecgonine. Of the cocaine users, 24% denied use at the time of the interview and were identified solely by urine assay. Cocaine users were significantly (P less than .01) less likely than nonusers to be married, Hispanic, or black born outside of the United States and were less well nourished. Users reported significantly (P less than .01) more sexually transmitted diseases, prior low birth weight infants, spontaneous and elective abortions, and greater use of alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, opiates, and other illicit drugs during pregnancy. Because cocaine use is correlated with many potential risk factors, large sample sizes and multivariate statistical techniques are needed to determine whether cocaine use during pregnancy poses an independent risk for adverse neonatal outcomes.

Boston↗
PubMed1985

Subclasses of human IgG anti-Fab antibodies: parameters for optimum detection.

In this study we have defined the parameters needed for the optimum detection of anti-Fab antibodies in the serum of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We have found that the majority of the anti-Fab antibodies are of the IgG3 and IgG4 subclasses which were not optimally detected using polyclonal heterologous anti-human IgG antisera; subclass-specific antibodies instead were needed. Additionally we determined that dissociation of circulating immune complexes by dialysis against urea for 3-7 days was also needed for the detection of these antibodies. Lastly we have shown that the dissociated complexes can recombine with their target Fab molecules, and therefore separation of the anti-Fab antibodies from the other immunoglobulins by chromatofocusing may enhance the detection of these antibodies. When the above conditions were fulfilled it was determined that IgG anti-Fab antibodies could be detected in rheumatoid arthritis and normal sera and that acidic IgG3 and IgG4 subclasses predominated. However, IgG3 levels were 10.5-fold higher in rheumatoid arthritis sera (p less than 0.05) and IgG4 levels 5-fold higher (p less than 0.01) than in normal sera.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
PubMed1982

Radiologically assisted endoscopic papillotomy.

Endoscopic sphincterotomy is now established as a safe technique for the treatment of common bile duct stones or papillary stenosis. The procedure is occasionally unsuccessful because of difficulty in cannulation. Two patients are described in whom the presence of a transbiliary drainage catheter facilitated endoscopic sphincterotomy. With such radiologic assistance, there should be few patients in whom the procedure cannot be accomplished.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

The cellular basis of metastatic bone disease in patients with lung cancer.

Histologic patterns of tumor-bone interaction were systematically evaluated in 80 cases of metastatic lung cancer involving bone. Patterns of tumor-bone interaction varied with the histologic type of lung cancer, reflecting the biochemical and biologic differences among the different types of lung cancer. Evidence presented here suggests that destruction of bone by metastatic lung cancer is mediated neither by direct contact of tumor cells with bone matrix nor by release of diffusible substances that lyse bone matrix. Among indirect mechanisms, the most prevalent and important was the activation of bone-lining cells by metastatic tumor. Epidermoid carcinomas in particular were associated with histologic patterns of classical bone remodelling, including osteoblastic, osteoclastic, and osteocytic activity. Adenocarcinomas showed a particularly high association with microfractures and manifested a stromal pattern consistent with release of prostaglandins. Ischemic necrosis of bone due to compression of vessels by expanding tumor mass is also a common and important mechanism. Correlation of histologic patterns with reported data on the frequency of metastases and syndromes of ectopic hormone production provides insight into the mechanism(s) of paraneoplastic hypercalcemia in patients with lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inverted Meckel's diverticulum simulating a pedunculated small bowel polyp.

We report a rare case of an isolated inverted Meckel's diverticulum presenting with acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The radiographic appearances simulated a pedunculated small bowel polyp. The radiographic and pathologic features are described and a brief review of the reported cases is provided.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients.

The incidence of end-stage renal disease is growing. Mortality remains high, despite improvements in care. Much of this can be explained by the presence of cardiovascular disease and other co-morbid conditions that are present at the start of dialysis. However, the dialysis treatment itself may exacerbate these conditions, and dialysis related factors such as adequacy, cytokine production, and dialysis-related infections are important factors in survival. Early studies reported similar or better survival on peritoneal dialysis (compared with hemodialysis), although more recent studies have questioned this finding. This review summarizes the information on mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Comorbidity↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical correlates of ventricular and sulcal size on cranial magnetic resonance imaging of 3,301 elderly people. The Cardiovascular Health Study. Collaborative Research Group.

To identify potential risk factors for and clinical manifestations of ventricular and sulcal enlargement on cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 3,301 community-dwelling people 65 years or older without a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack underwent extensive standardized evaluations and MRI. In the multivariate model, increased age and white matter grade on MRI were the dominant risk factors for ventricular and sulcal grade. For ventricular grade, other than race, for which non-Blacks had higher grades, models for men and women shared no other factors. For sulcal grades, models for men and women shared variables reflecting cigarette smoking and diabetes. Clinical features were correlated more strongly with ventricular than sulcal grade and more strongly for women than men. Significant age-adjusted correlations between ventricular grade and the Digit-Symbol Substitution Test were found for men and women. Prospective studies will be needed to extend findings of this cross-sectional analysis.

Age Distribution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cognitive test performance and presence of subclinical cardiovascular disease in the cardiovascular health study.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between performance on a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests and the presence of clinical, subclinical or no cardiovascular disease in an elderly community-dwelling population. The results confirm previous reports of significant associations of age, education and gender with test performance. When performance was examined controlling for these variables, significant associations of disease group were seen with five measures emphasizing speed of performance; Parts A and B of the Trail Making Test, the WAIS-R Digit Symbol and Block Design subtests and category verbal fluency. These results add to the evidence that, in addition to other health implications, cardiovascular disease is related to cognitive functioning in the elderly even at subclinical levels.

Aged↗